The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment New York State Volunteers. A narrative of its services in the war for the Union

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CIVIL WAR LITERATURE

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COMMANDING OFFICERS OF THE REGIMENT.

THE

One Hundred and Twentieth

REGIMENT

NEW YORK STATE VOLUNTEERS.

A Narrative of its Services in the War for the

Union.

C. VAN SANTVOORD, D. D.,

Chaplain U. S. A., iS6i-s-

Published by the One Hundred and Twentieth N. Y. Regimental Union.

1894 :
PRESS OF THE KINGSTON FREEMAN,

RONDOUT, N. Y.

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER PAGE

I. Introductory — War Spirit in Ulster County i

II. The One Hundred and Twentieth Organized —

Departure for the Field 9

III. Between the Potomac and Rappahannock 22

IV. Burnside and Fredericksburg 31

V. Hooker in Command and a New Campaign Opened. . 37

VI. Chancellorsville AND ITS Story 48

VII. Rebellion Rampant and THE Invasion OF THE North 58

VIII. Gettysburg AND ITS Issues 68

IX. General Grant in Chief Command — Campaigning on

THE Rapidan 78

X. Andersonville — A Veteran's Narrative 89

XI. The Wilderness AND ITS Trials 106

XII. Spottsylvania 117

XIII. Cold Harbor 125

XIV. The Union Army Across the James 135

XV. A Rebel Stronghold Invested 147

XVI. The Folds Tightening and the End IN Sight 162

XVII. Richmond's Fall and Lee's Surrender 173

XVIII. The Return Home and Jubilant Reception 186

XIX. The Soldiers in Civil Life ; The Regimental Union 199

XX. Gettysburg Monument and its Dedication 211

Appendix ; Roster and Record of the Regiment.

INSCRIPTION IN BRONZE

ON FACE OF MONUMENT.

The One Hundred and Twentieth

New Yohk Infantry

Held this Part of the Line

ON the Second Day of July, 1863.

Present for Duty,

30 Officers, 397 Men; Total 427.

Casualties

From the War Department:

Killed in Battle,

8 Officers, 25 Men.

Wounded,

10 Officers, 144 Men.

MissiNQ 17; Total 204.

CHAPTER I.

INTRODUCTORY,

THE WAR FOR THE UNION POPULAR ENTHUSIASM — RESPONSES TO THE

nation's CALL FOR HELP — NEW YORK STATE IN THE FRONT RANK

ULSTER county's CONTRIBUTION TO THE NATION'S DEFENDERS THE

USE AND VALUE OF REGIMENTAL HISTORIES.

The late war for the Union attested the strength of the
National Government. It attested as well the devoted
patriotism of the masses of loyal citizens, which needed
only a fitting occasion to call forth all its energy in the
nation's defense. Without patriotism of this lofty kind,
the strength to save the nation in a critical time, would
hardly have been possible. The arms lifted to rend
the Union asunder, would have been likely to gain
their object, had not the people with hearts aflame with
love of country, its government and institutions, risen
to the emergency, ready to dare all dangers and bear all
burdens to keep safe from harm, the priceless heritage
left them by the fathers.

When, therefore, the time came that an appeal to
this feeling was found necessary, there was no languor
or hesitation in responding to it. The whole nation
sprang to arms at the call of the government, for aid.
The West vied with the East and North in the alacrity
with which men were enlisted and sent forward to con-
front the common danger. Regiment after regiment

2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

poured forth to take their places in the ranks of the
army on which the nation relied for the safety of its
institutions. No ties of kindred, or home, or business,
or property, were strong enough to withhold the aroused
masses from the grim, impending conflict which involved
the stability and very existence of the Union, under
which the people had lived prosperously and happily
for nearly a hundred years. These men, so hastily don-
ning the soldier's uniform, understood well the urgency
of the crisis that required their services in the field ; and
they went forth ready to stake everything upon the altar
of a country, which conferring its benefits upon all, was
worthy to be loved and defended by all. They were
thus resolved, at all hazards, to maintain the Union
unbroken and unharmed, against any efforts to sunder or
injure it, and preserve our civil and religious liberties in
all their integrity for the generations following.

It proved to be a mighty task which they had under-
taken to do. The full dimensions of it could not be
taken in till long afterwards. But mind, heart, con-
science, all faculties and energies were devoted to the
work, whether great or little, and success they felt con-
vinced, must come in the end, whatever it might cost to
achieve it. And as the work went forward its propor-
tions seemed to grow ; its demand for larger supplies
all the time increased. The ranks depleted were steadily
filled up with fresh warriors as full of ardor and courage
and determination to conquer as those who had enlisted
before them. Thus while the great conflict was in prog-
ress, a host of citizen-soldiers, such as the world had
never seen before, stood arrayed as the defenders of the
nation, till at length the end of their toils and sacrifices

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3

came in the success which the Union cause had won.
The gain well deserved all the price paid to secure it,
as the spectacle of the long and desperate struggle with
such vast interests at stake, and the complete and
glorious triumph for the Union crowning the issue, was
one of the most striking and impressive that the ages
ever saw.

New York was behind none of her sister States
in the promptness with which she responded to the
President's call, and in her large and free contributions
of troops to swell the armies of the Republic. Her
soldiers were found in every part of the widely- extended
field where their services were needed. They stood
shoulder to shoulder with comrades from other States,
cheerfully bearing whatever burdens their duty to the
country and love for the cause imposed upon them.
This State has a bright record for the number and
character of the troops she furnished during the war,
not less than for the amount of hard service they
rendered in defending the flag and securing success for
the national cause.

Of this great number sent forth by the State, Ulster
county contributed its full share. Few, if any counties
in the State, have displayed more alacrity than Ulster in
sending forth its sons in warrior harness to meet the
then present emergency. In the numbers, too, which
the county furnished from first to last, it bears favorable
comparison with the most patriotic counties throughout
the State. When rebel guns were turned against the
nation's flag at Fort Sumter, and the indignity set the
whole North into a blaze of patriotic ardor, a regiment
of three months' men was swiftly organized in Ulster

4 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

county, and under the command of Col.' George W.
Pratt — who fell at the head of his regiment at the second
Bull Run battle — hurried forward to offer its services to
the government and breast the storm that seemed ready
to burst. The promptness with which this regiment
was enrolled and the zeal evinced by its officers and
men in hastening to the front to breast whatever perils
might await them in defending the nation's honor and
integrity, reflected high credit on the county as well as
those who thus worthily represented it. It returned
home after its term of service had expired, and within a
few months a new regiment, to serve for three years
or the war, made up largely from the material of the
returned regiment, stood ready to go forward to the
front. This was the Eightieth New York Volunteers,
as the name was entered in regular order of enlistment
on the State Register. The name, however, which its
members loved and clung to and were unwilling to sur-
render, was one that antedated the war and cherished
through association, viz : the Twentieth New York State
Militia. Its strong peference for this name came to be
allowed, so that during the war, as now, the regiment
was best known by its chosen appellation of the " Old
Twentieth," which all its members were and are proud
to wear.

This regiment left for Washington, on October 25th,
1 86 1 ; continued in active service during all the war;
was engaged in some of its most severe battles, making
an honorable record throughout. The second regiment
enlisted for the war and sent out from Ulster county,
was the One Hundred and Twentieth. It left Kingston
for the seat of military operations, August 24, 1862.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 5

Like the former regiment, its members were not wholly
composed of men residing in Ulster county. Three
companies of the One Hundred and Twentieth were
raised in Greene county, as one, at least, in the Twen-
tieth N. Y. S. M., was drawn from the same region,
while a few individual recruits, were found in both regi-
ments, from Dutchess county and. neighboring localities.
Far the greater part of the recruits^ however, belonged to
Ulster county, as was also the case with the next regi-
ment, the One Hundred and Fifty-Sixth, recruited in
the summer and fall of 1862 and which, in command
of the late Col, Erastus Cooke, left Kingston for the
field in early December of that year, rendering active
and efficient service till the end of the war.

Thus three regiments, besides the three months
regiment, went forth from Ulster county, in response
to the nation's call to share in its defense. Few, if
any counties in the State, made a better showing than
this, or evinced more spirit and zeal in rushing to the
country's aid, when reckless hands were raised to strike
at its peace and unity. The men, too, who composed
these regiments, were not mere holiday soldiers, pompous
on parade and courageous in calm and sunshine, but they
were men of earnest purpose, with hearts resolved and
sinews strung to meet and bear whatever peril and
hardship might come from laborious campaigns and to
bear the country's flag unsullied through bloodiest fields.
Tl^eir history shows with what energy, resolution and
persistence they carried forward and finished the great
work which a confiding country had devolved upon
their hands.

The obligations conferred upon the whole country by

6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

what they suffered and wrought, are high and lasting.
It is fitting that these deeds should be remembered and
a record made of them, easily accessible, to such as in
coming years, may seek to know something in detail,
concerning kinsmen and friends who took part in the
war, and, it may be, shed their blood in the nation's
defense. It is not enough to speak of these deeds in a
general way, as having been performed by masses of
men forming a great army. The deeds of one regiment,
being so small a part of the whole, are, in such cases,
apt to be overlooked or passed by without special recog-
nition. But each regiment has its own history, with
ample material often, for a distinct and interesting narra-
tive. Many of these regimental histories have been
written, having for the surviving members of the
several regiments, their families and friends, far deeper
interest than those general accounts of battles or military
service in which the part performed by the single regi-
ment received but perfunctory notice. All who have
been directly connected in some way with a regiment,
may be regarded as having a certain pride in its mem-
bers as belonging to their own town, county or district,
and thus share the satisfaction which the soldiers them-
selves feel in having its gallant deeds recorded. On
this account these histories have a value of their own
to a large number of citizens who find delight in reading
about the war experiences of kindred and friends who
were engaged in the sacred conflict for the Union.
Many who stood in the ranks are dead, it is true, but
their works do follow them. And those who knew them
well and honored them, turn to the record of what they
did in the country's cause with unabating interest and

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 7

pleasure. This record too, is one that does not fade
away with passing years. Children and childrens' child-
ren will continue to scan what their fathers were and
what they did in the dreadful time when the nation was
staggering under the blows dealt against it, and what
help these strong arms brought to avert those baleful
blows or prevent their doing fatal injury to the land they
loved.

Considerations, such as these will justify, if this indeed
be necessary, the narrative contained in the following
pages . The writer availing himself of materials placed in
his hands for the purpose mentioned — materials gathered
with care and from trustworthy sources, may hope to
present a narrative of the military career of the One
Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, that its members, at
least, will find just, adequate and fitting — a narrative too,
that shall prove not unattractive to the many friends of
the regiment, who, admiring its general record, may
desire to see it spread out before them in greater detail.
The literature of the late war, indeed, is so vast in vol-
ume as to seem to render superfluous anything added
to its bulk. Still, the strong hold which the great
subject has taken and continues to maintain, on the
national mind and heart, encourages the hope that
even this slight addition to what is already pub-
lished, may find some measure of favor with readers
outside the little circle of surviving comrades, at
whose request and on whose special behalf, this me-
morial is prepared.

In the preparation of this work, the writer has
received important assistance from several individuals
closely connected with the One Hundred and Twen-

8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

tieth Regiment, Among these he would particularly
mention Gen. George H. Sharpe, Col. C. D. West-
brook, Major J. H. Everett, Messrs. J. McD. VanWag-
onen, Wilbur L. Hale, Edward B. DuMond and Egbert
Lewis. To the last one of these gentlemen, he is
indebted for a full and carefully kept diary, covering
nearly all the period that the regiment was engaged in
active service, embracing memoranda and notes from
other parties, the most of whom were formerly connected
with the regiment and familiar with the matters they
relate. The frequent and free citations from these
memoranda in the following pages, will show how
greatly helpful they have been in the work of preparing,
what is now with sincere diffidence, placed under the
eye of the reader.

CHAPTER II.

THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH ORGANIZED — COLONEL GEORGE H.
SHARPE IN COMMAND — HIS EFFICIENT WORK IN RECRUITING — THE RE-
QUISITE ENLISTMENTS RAPIDLY SECURED — LIST OF THE REGIMENt's OF-
FICERS — READY TO TAKE THE FIELD FLAG PRESENTATION ADDRESSES

BY MR. BARNARD AND COLONEL SHARPE — CROWDS CHEER THE REGIMENT
AS IT EMBARKS FOR NEW YORK — LEAVES NEW YORK FOR PHILADELPHIA

HOW ENTERTAINED AT THE LATTER CITY — ARRIVAL AND BIVOUAC AT

WASHINGTON — ENCAMPMENT AT ARLINGTON HEIGHTS.

The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, New
York State Volunteers, was organized in response to
the call of President Lincoln, issued July 2d, 1862, for
three hundred thousand men. In compliance with this
call and for the efficient prosecution of the object in
view. Governor Morgan appointed committees composed
of residents in the several senatorial districts of the
State, a committee for each district. Their business
was to aid the work of recruiting and see that it was
carried forward properly and expeditiously. The work
of enlisting recruits at once began and was pressed for-
ward so vigorously, that by the 20th of August, the
requisite number of men was nearly secured. The
people in those days were alive with patriotic ardor and
quick to respond to appeals for help which the Govern-
ment, in the emergency then present, found it necessary
to make. The field for raising recruits was wide and
promising. The diligent reaper who wrought in it was
sure to be rewarded with abundance of sheaves. There

lO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

was hardly a locality East, North or West, so benighted
concerning the issues of the war, or so indifferent to its
prosecution, as to require more light or urgent argument
before furnishing its contingent of soldiers in answer to
the nation's cry for help.

An important part of this work fell to the lot of Col.
George H. Sharpe, who', by the appointment of the
Governor of the State, was to command the regiment
about to be raised. Col. Sharpe had commanded a
company in the regiment of three months' men, which
had gone forth from Kingston shortly after the fall of
Fort Sumter, and his experience in that campaign served
to adapt him more fully to the more responsible com-
mand he was now called to assume. He entered active-
ly and earnestly upon the task of recruiting, holding
meetings almost daily in the several sections of the
county and addressing large audiences drawn together
by interest in the country's cause. These meetings,
were at times addressed by other influential citizens of
the county, who placed country before party, and by the
fervor of their appeals, swelled rapidly the number of
recruits and raised to a higher pitch the loyal zeal and
ardor of the people.

An occasional exception was found to the enthusiasm
with which these meetings stood ready to greet the
speakers who, throughout the county, came with appeals
for more volunteers. One of these exceptions was at a
well known village generally considered to be foremost
in patriotic action. The people there owing to certain
reasons and influences, not easy to define or understand,
and which soon passed away, seemed at first indifferent
to the duty of contributing to the cause by personal

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I I

enlistments. A meeting had been called to be held in
the evening, and Col. Sharpe upon arriving in the after-
noon and consulting with the leading men of the locality
was informed that the meeting would undoubtedly be
well attended, but there was no prospect of any enlist-
ments, and the attempt to get them there might as well
be abandoned. The meeting did prove to be a very
large one and the enthusiasm gradually rose to a very
high pitch. Col. Sharpe in the course of his speech
stated the result of the interview with the leading men
of the town in the afternoon. He said that he had been
given to understand that in the regiment to be raised
that locality would be unrepresented. He had always
had a high opinion of the courage and enthusiasm of its
citizens, and rather than leave the town without rep-
resentation in the regiment, he proposed to return to
Governor Morgan his commission as Colonel, and to
enlist as a private for that locality in order that the
whole county might be represented. He was followed
by one or two strong addresses from prominent citizens,
and at the close of the meeting seven young men came
forward to enlist, and their example was soon followed
by a sufficient number to authorize the issuing of a
commission to a young man of the same town, who
finally fell at the head of his men on one of the most
memorable battle-fields of the war.

In this way the filling up of the regiment made steady
and rapid progress, to the high credit of the county and
of those who took service as the nation's defenders.
Three of the ten companies composing the regiment,
were raised in Greene county, whose citizens were
inspired with a love for the cause, kindred to that shown

1 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

throughout the State, and indeed, the entire North.
The volunteers as they were enlisted, repaired to Camp
Samson, where, on a spot well adapted to the purpose
for which it was selected, and which the Twentieth N. Y.
S. M., had occupied the previous year, the men were duly
enrolled and inducted into camp life. Lt. Col. West-
brook had his quarters here, superintending the enroUing
process, the arrangement of the various companies,
and their distribution into tents. The mustering into
the service of the country was done by Captain J. B,
Hagar, U. S. A., who completed his work on August
2 2d, the number of enlisted men then amounting to
nine hundred and six.

The following is a list of the field and staff" officers of
the regiment, the captains of the several companies
with the number of men contained in each :

Colonel — George H. Sharpe.

Lieutenant-Colonel — C. D. Westbrook.

Major — ^J. Rudolph Tappen.

Adjutant — Selah O. Tuthill.

Quartermaster — Uriah H. Coffin.

Surgeon — ^J. O. VanHoevenburgh.

First Assistant-Surgeon — Henry Collier.

Second Assistant- Surgeon — W. A. VanRensselaer.

Chaplain — Foster Hartwell.

The following non-commissioned officers were also
connected with the regiment :

Sergeant- Major — Howard Cooke.
Quartermaster- Sergeant — Geo. P. Barber.
Commissary — W. J. Cockburn.
Hospital-Steward — ^J. D. Keyser.
Drum- Major — August Gceller.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 3

The captains in command of the several companies
with the number in each company in their respective
order were :

Company A : Captain — Abram L. Lockwood, ninety-
seven men.

Company B : Captain — Simon S. Westbrook, eighty-
four men.

Company C : Captain — ^Jacob L. Snyder, eighty-
nine men.

Company D: Captain — Lansing L. Hollister, eighty-
three men.

Company E : Captain — Daniel Gillett, eighty-six
men.

Company F : Captain — Theo. F. Overbagh, ninety-
four men.

Company G : Captain — Walter F. Scott, eighty-
nine men.

Company H : Captain — Charles H. McEntee, ninety-
four men.

Company I : Captain — Francis W. Reynolds, ninety-
three men.

Company K : Captain — ^James M, Pierson, ninety-
seven men.

The regiment being thus in readiness to start for the
field, lay in camp awaiting orders to move, which were
liable at any moment to arrive. During this interval the
kindred and friends of the soldiers, and people anxious
to witness the departure of the regiment, came pouring
into Kingston from Greene County as well as from all
parts of Ulster, on Saturday, the 23d of August. The
town had rarely beheld such crowds of visitors as were
attracted to it by the regiment just about to bid a long

1 4 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

farewell to homes and friends in the North, and to set
forth upon an expedition from which many of them might
never return.

On this day, which proved to be the one preceding
the departure of the regiment, and in presence of the
multitude gathered at the encampment, a very impres-
sive ceremonial took place. This was the presentation
of two flags, which the regiment was to bear with it
wherever its presence might be demanded in the service
of the country. An account of the ceremonies, which
had no less interest for spectator than for soldier, is
taken from the Kingston Journal, of August 27th, 1862.

"On Saturday afternoon, at 4 o'clock, the flags purchased by the
ladies of EUenville and Kingston to be given to the One Hundred and
Twentieth Regiment (Washington Guard), were presented at Camp
Samson. A platform was erected at the flag staff. Upon this were
assembled as many of the oflScers of the regiment as could be de-
tached from duty, and the clergy of the village. Prayer was ofTered
by Rev. B. C. Lippincott, of Hurley. Mr. Reuben Bernard, of this
village then advanced to the front of the platform and spoke as fol-
lows : —

" 'Colonel George H. Sharpe of the One Hundred and Twentieth
Regiment, N. Y. , State Volunteers : — The Ladies of Ulster County
have honored me by selecting me, as their agent and mouthpiece,
in presenting to you our national standard and your regimental colors.
The ladies of the County feel that they have an interest in this regi-
ment and in the contest in which you will be engaged. They
wish you to take and bear with you some token of their appre-
ciation and remembrance, some symbol, which, by its constant
presence, will ever remind you that you are remembered in their
prayers and watched by loved ones at home. You, and the brave
men with you, will regard these flags, not only as an evidence of your
country's greatness and glory, but also as having clustered about
them all the hallowed influence of home. Let these flags speak to
you with the voice of a wife, mother and sister, bidding you to deeds
of noble daring.

O.V£ HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 5

" 'These colors are entrusted to the keeping of your regiment, with
a perfect confidence that you will preserve inviolate the honor of the
flags presented to you by the women of the County of Ulster. We
must not be discouraged by reverses. Ulster County suffered her full
share in that noble revolution which gave birth to this flag. Our
oldest citizens can remember the time when our neighboring village
fell a sacrifice to its love of liberty. The flames which destroyed
their property only served to purify and ennoble the patriotic ardor
with which they fought for freedom. So with you. Let every reverse
only strengthen your hearts and nerve your arms, to do and dare for
your country's cause, bearing with you the constant remembrance
that in every struggle, these flags will smile down on you the prayers
and the approval of the women you leave behind you.

" 'The flag which I present, has, for the last eighty years, been the
emblem of our country's greatness ; has protected us in the enjoyment
of all our rights. That flag is now endangered. A wicked, cause-
less, monstrous rebellion is seeking to destroy it. Shall it, can it be
done? You, soldiers, going and about to go to the field, must
answer this great question. I think I know your answer. You say
to this rebellion, you say to the whole world, ' this flag has protected
us in times past and we will protect it now.'

" 'And now. Col. Sharpe, allow me the pleasure of presenting you
these flags, knowing that you and the noble men with you, will do
your whole duty, and knowing that with the blessing of God crown-
ing your efforts, this flag shall be preserved to the latest generation
without one stripe obliterated or one star dimmed.'"

Colonel Sharpe, in behalf of the regiment, accepted
the flags in the following address :

"He said that 'he had been aware for some time that these flags
were to be presented to the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment,
and that it was expected he should speak for the officers and men
who composed it ; yet he spoke but the simple truth when he assured
them that he was so overcome by the emotions that agitated his
heart, that he hardly had a word at his command. He could only
say, that he was wholly penetrated with emotions of gratitude to the
men of Ulster and Greene for their noble and self-sacrificing eiforts to
raise, in the shortest possible space of time, the regiment with the

1 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

command of which he had been honored. At a former moment, he
had thought he would write upon a slip of paper the names of the
men of Ulster and Greene, who had placed him under the deepest
obligations by their generous assistance, while he had been laboring
to raise the men then ready to go to the defense of their country, but
as he recollected one after another, he forbore to peii their names, as
the list itself would have made a speech. And now to the deeds of
the stout and brave men of Ulster and Greene, was added this expres-
sion of interest and regard from lovely and patriotic women, thus
increasing the burden of his gratitude and the list of memories to
which he would ever revert with the deepest emoticms of pleasure. It
was greatly to be regretted that on that occasion, the regiment could
not be drawn up before the assembled multitude in line of battle, but
the duties incident to their hurried departure in answer to the call of
the Governor, forbade this. He would not boast how the regiment
would bear these flags, or in what state it would bring them back,
nor, indeed, would he pledge it to bring them back at all ; but he felt
sure that the men who were going forth that day from arhong them,
would do all in their power to preserve these flags from dishonor, even
though they had to struggle until the last inan should have the last
shred to bear back to the place from whence they had been received.
" ' And now they were going away. He knew something of the
extent of the pain which their departure caused. The character of
the men in the regiment gave unmistakable evidence, how keen were
the pangs of sorrow which wrung the hearts of friends there assembled.
Many of them he knew had been most tenderly brought up, and had
been the dearest objects of that care and love, which is found only in
the best homes in our land. Now they were going from their native
hills, and yet the better part of them would remain behind, and all
the scenes of home would be more truly with them than ever before.
But it was because they loved their homes that they went from them,
and if they ever achieved deeds of bravery on the bloody battle-field,
it would be because of the inspiriting memories of home which would
fill their minds. Yes, they were going and might he not hope that
their prayers would attend them ; not alone for the preservation of
the health of these loved ones, or for their being saved from the im-
moralities of the camp, or the shot of the enemy, or for their pre-
paration for sudden death, would he ask them to pray ; but while
they implored all this, he would beg of them to pray that they might

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 1 7

be the means, with others who had joined the grand army of the
Union, of speedily crushing out this rebellion, and bringing all the
States to enjoy the full blessing of freedom, peace and prosperity
under our flag and constitution. ' "

" The flags thus presented consist of a national and regimental
color. Both are of silk. The body of the latter is blue, upon which
is worked with yellow and crimson silk, an eagle and shield. The
eagle bears in its beak a scroll, with the national motto ' £ pluribus
unum,' and in its talons a scroll containing the words ' One Hundred
and Twentieth Regiment, Washington Guard.' "

During this day the expected orders came, directing
the regiment to start at 8 o'clock on the following
morning. All in and about the camp became at once
bustle and activity. The day of the 24th of August,
which was Sunday, was bright and beautiful. The
crowds of the day before were swelled into a still
greater multitude on this eventful day of departure.
Early as the hour was, all places in the near vicinity of
the camp were filled with interested spectators, and with
the kindred and friends of the soldiers. Many of these
with trembling voices and tearful eyes gave parting
adieus to beloved relatives whose faces they might
never see again. These affecting separations however,
need not be dwelt upon, as similar scenes were exhib-
ited wherever a new regiment left home for the seat ol
the war, and what is suffered in such parting may better
be imagined than paraded through inadequate descrip-
tion on the printed page.

Promptly at the hour of eight, the regiment broke
camp and began its march for Rondout, followed by a
great crowd bent on seeing it embark. Cheers and
shouts attended it along its route to the wharf, where

I 8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

the good steamer Manhattan lay ready to receive and
convey the men to New York. While the boat lay at
the dock awaiting the signal to start, the final greetings
were exchanged and farewell words spoken, and then,
with a great outburst of cheers the vessel swung off
into the stream. All the way down the Hudson, from
every boat and landing passed, the same lively gratula-
tions were poured forth by hearty sympathizers with
the citizen -soldiers, who were devoting their lives to the
safety of the nation. As long as the declining day per-
mitted sight of the Manhattan and her stalwart, living
freight, the cheering voices of people in vessels and on
shore, continued to salute them. Then, with night
came rest for the weary, and in the early morning the
vessel had reached her wharf in the metropolitan city.
The soldiers disembarked and were marched to the City
Hall Park. There the usual muskets were furnished,
though the regiment had to wait for complete equip-
ments, including ammunition, till it reached Washing-
ton, where, what was lacking, was in due form supplied.
On the same afternoon at four o'clock, the regiment
resumed its journey, marching down to the Jersey City
ferry, crossing over to the other side and taking cars for
Philadelphia, which city it reached at 6.30 the following
morning.

Here an agreeable surprise awaited them. In an
ample hall near where the cars stopped, a sumptuous
breakfast was provided by the loyal and large hearted
citizens of Philadelphia, and all the regiment cordially
invited to partake. This was not an act of hospitality
tendered to one regiment, or to a few others at intervals
as circumstances might prescribe. But it was the rule,

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 1 9

begun early in the war and continued to its close, to
furnish forth a meal to every regiment passing through
Philadelphia to the front. The whole country came, in
this way to know and honor the patriotic city for the
considerate and generous provision made for such great
numbers of soldiers, who were privileged to enjoy this
good cheer. As for the soldiers, every one was loud in
his praises of this graceful entertainment, whose value
was enhanced by the assiduous attentions bestowed
upon every guest at table, the memory of which
remained fresh and pleasant in all after years. The
writer had the good fortune to share these generous
attentions a year before when connected with another
regiment, the Twentieth N. Y. S. M., and put forth his
experiences in a printed letter, a paragraph of which,
as expressive of the cordial sentiments of all, who like
him have been guests at the same board, he will ven-
ture to transcribe :

"As the troops left the ferry boat, they were marched into an
immense hall near the wharf, fitted up for the accommodation and
refreshment of the regiments constantly passing through to the seat of
the war. Six tables, stretching the whole length of the apartment,
and ample enough to enable an entire regiment to stand Elround them,
were loaded with refreshments, furnished by the hospitality of the city
of brotherly love, thus proving the name to be fittingly applied. And
such refreshments for tired and hungry men I Excellent bread and
delicious butter, superb cold beef and. ham, potatoes, coffee and tea,
pickles of various kinds, etc., urged upon all with a. persistent hos-
pitality, that seemed to receive rather than confer a favor. The min-
istry of gentle hands was conspicuous, as it always is, in such a scene
as this. Your correspondent being conducted toward the head of the
bounteous board, one angel took his hat, another disrobed him of
overcoat, a third took charge of a package or two, a fourth led him to
a seat at the table, a fifth ministered to his wants while there, and all

20 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

with a delicacy and warmth of kindness that brought forcibly to his
mind the Pilgrim of Bunyan in the Palace Beautiful, with the ministry
of the fair sisterhood there, refreshing and strengthening him for the
hardships and dangers of the way before him. No wonder that the
soldiers, exulting in this goodly fare, broke forth, company after
company, into spontaneous cheers for the city of Philadelphia which
made the rafters of the building fairly ring again. Nor was this
ample cheer all. Here the sick soldiers are furnished with comfort-
able quarters, and received assiduous medical care, until able to join
their regiment, or failing this, are sent home, without money and
without price. In addition to all, in a room overhead, writing
materials are furnished for those who desire, during the two or three
hours stay in the city, to write to their friends. I was urged there
several times to write home, which though much fatigued and the
hour being two o'clock in the morning, I finally did, to show, at
least, how much I valued such attention and kindness. When the
letter was written and enclosed they refused even to let the writer pay
for the stamp. All hail to the city of Philadelphia for such princely
generosity, continued so long and yet rendered not only without
grudging or complaint, but rejoicingly. It will prove a noble and
lasting monument to her honor."

In looking back thirty years, this account does not
seem to the writer overstated, and he is quite sure that
a strong response to these eulogistic words will be given
by every surviving Union soldier, who when going
forward to encounter the perils and hardships of the
war, found his footsteps lightened and his heart and arm
strengthened by a sympathy and good will so heartily
expressed.

The regiment left Philadelphia in the morning taking
cars for Baltimore where it arrived at four p. m. March-
ing across the city, without danger any longer of
molestation from any disloyal element, to the Washing-
ton depot, it started at six p. m. for Washington, arriving
there on the 27th, at midnight, the streets being a

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 I

bivouac for the remainder of the night. Washington
at that time was little more than an armed camp. The
streets were filled with soldiers, army wagons, cavalry
squadrons, gun carriages and caissons, with kindred ob-
jects sure to follow in the train of " glorious war," the
whole forming a very striking spectacle to those lately
parted from peaceful country homes. The stay here,
however, was short, as at lo o'clock on the morning
after arrival, the ranks were formed and the regiment
crossed the Long Bridge, marching to Arlington Heights,
where its first camp on the sacred soil of Virginia was
pitched, the dome of the capitol looming up grandly at
the distance of seven miles. Those who knew the his-
tory of Arlington, long the home of General Robert E.
Lee, then in command of the rebel armies, and saw how
the iron heel of war had stamped out its beauty, and
spread desolation around, would find a fruitful lesson
inspired by the spot where their first night in Virginia
was spent.

CHAPTER III.

THE SECOND BATTLE OF BULL RUN — THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH
AIDING TO PROTECT WASHINGTON — ^LIFE IN CAMP — RELIGIOUS SERVICE
pope's routed army RE-ORGANIZED BY UCCLELLAN UNION SUC-
CESSES IN MARYLAND — ARMY HOSPITALS — PENINSULA VETERANS — RE-
VIEW OF TROOPS NEAR FAIRFAX SEMINARY UPTON's HILL ENCAMP-
MENT — A GRAND REVIEW NEAR ALEXANDRIA PRESIDENT LINCOLN AND

SECRETARIES, PRESENT — REGIMENT ORDERED TO THE FRONT BURN-
SIDE SUPERSEDES MCCLELLAN ARMY OF THE POTOMAC BEFORE FRED-
ERICKSBURG.

The day following the regiment's first encampment
in Virginia, the second battle of Bull Run, August 28thj
may be said to have opened. General King's division
on its march from Warrenton to Centreville, ran into
the divisions of Ewell and Taliaferro, of Jackson's corps,
which was holding the region around Bull Run, after its
enterprising and successful raid upon Bristoe Station
and Manassas. Then ensued, as Taliaferro describes it,
" one of the most terrific conflicts that can be conceived.
For two hours and a half, from late in the afternoon
till after dark, without an instant's cessation of the
most deadly discharges of musketry, round shot and
shell, both lines stood unmoved, neither advancing, and
neither broken nor yielding, until about nine o'clock, "
when the conflict closed, with no decided advantage on
either side, but with heavy losses to both. Early on
the next morning the main battle began, continuing
through that day, the 29th, and through the following

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 23

one, the close of the latter witnessing the discomfiture
of Pope's army, and its retreat toward the defenses of
Washington.

The One Hundred and Twentieth was not called upon
to take part in the severe fighting running through
these three August days, though the booming of the
cannon from this hotly contested field reached the men
in their Arlington encampment.

On the morning of the 29th however, they were
roused from their slumbers by the long roll. Cartridges
and rations were hastily furnished, and in fifteen minutes,
armed and equipped, they were standing ready to march.
Their route lay across the Potomac, through Georgetown
to Fort Ethan Allen, ten miles from their camp at Ar-
lington. The regiment was one of a number of detach-
ments sent from Washington and places adjacent^ to
g^ard against any movement, should one be attempted,
on the part of Lee, to throw troops in Pope's rear, or
between him and Washington. No such attempt, how-
ever, was made. The Union army fell back, when the
time came, without being seriously molested, though
much demoralized by its defeat, till it found itself within
the fortifications which made Washington secure against
any assaults from without.

The regiment remained in camp near Fort Ethan
Allen for more than a week. The spot where they
pitched their tents was a high side hill from which a fine
prospect opened, and where their surroundings were
such as to minister greatly to the mens' comfort and
satisfaction. Not only were their rations good and
abundant, but occasional foraging, with purchases from
people coming into the camp to sell provisions, afforded

24 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

such luxuries as pigs, chickens, ducks, hoe-cake, eggs,
cakes, pies, etc., a bill of fare, which however appetizing,
could only solace the men for a brief period, and sure to
be ere long exchanged for the plain army ration, which
knew but little variety, without being always at hand or
abundant. The good things mentioned, were however,
heartily enjoyed while they lasted, while as to their
future supplies, the men gave themselves no concern.
They were ready for hardships and privations should
they come, as belonging to the nature of their present
service.

Nor was the sense of dependence on the Great All-
Provider lost sight of, by a large part of the regiment
certainly, who failed not to express their obligations for
His bountiful gifts and for His guardianship in all their
way, and fervent thanksgivings went up daily from
those who had been taught to praise God for his good-
ness. And on Sunday, the 31st, in Captain Snyder's
tent, a large number gathered to hear the voice of
prayer and the Chaplain's earnest admonitions, which
met with attentive audience and warm response, making
all feel stronger for the work before them, in the aid and
benediction Divinely promised. There is no soldier, who
cannot do and suffer more, and fight better, in the con-
sciousness, which everyone may have, that the Lord is
on his side, to guard the right cause, and strengthen
the arms that uphold it.

While the regiment lay encamped here. Pope's routed
army was pouring into Washington, and the men had
an opportunity to see many of these troops as they
hurried forward in their retreat. Many of the soldiers
escaping from this hard-fought, but disastrous field of

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 5

Bull Run, had lost their arms, and with uniforms torn
and dust-covered, wore a melancholy and woe-begone
appearance. It might seem, looking at these straggling
crowds, that discipline lost, might not again be restored.
Yet this needed to be done and done promptly. And
in this emergency, the President turned at once to the
only man adequate, in his judgment, to do it. General
McClellan was urged to undertake it and consented.
And, with his rare organizing faculty and his popularity
with the troops which no reverses seemed to impair,
order very soon began to emerge out of this chaos.
Companies, regiments, brigades, divisions stood forth in
brief period, in compact and regular array, and on the
7th of September, a week after the Bull Run battle,
McClellan left Washington at the head of a large and
well appointed army to meet Lee who was crossing the
upper Potomac into Maryland. The battle of South
Mountain followed on the 14th with a brilliant success
for the Union arms, and three days after, on the 1 7th,
was fought the bloody battle of Antietam, which, if not
an overwhelming Union victory, as it might and should
have been, yet resulted in thwarting Lee's designs on
" My Maryland" and driving him back disappointed and
crippled, across the Potomac.

During these stirring operations, the One Hundred
and Twentieth remained in the vicinity of Washington
engaged in doing picket duty, the drilling of the men
going on from day to day, thus familiarizing them with
their required work and fitting them to act their part
well in the hour of trying service. They moved from
point to point for several weeks, keeping mostly near to
Washington and waiting for the time when they should

26 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

be called to join the ranks standing in the forefront of
the battle. On September loth, they were at Fort
Lyon, on the 14th, at Fairfax Seminary, near Alex-
andria, with the Potomac, bearing steamers and war
vessels on its bosom, in view, and Mount Vernon
occasionally seen from some neighboring elevation which
commanded a wide sweep of the river. Fairfax Sem-
inary, a spacious and sightly structure, was now con-
verted into a hospital for our sick and wounded soldiers^
the necessities of the war compeUing the use of this and
similar commodious buildings in all places where our
armies held possession, and bloodshed as well as sick-
ness abounded. Alexandria, near at hand, was full of
hospitals. Distributed among these were a number of
soldiers of the Twentieth N, Y. S. M., wounded at Bull
Run, whom acquaintances of the One Hundred and
Twentieth were permitted occasionally to visit. Among
these wounded was the gallant Captain Pelatiah Ward.
He fell, as did his colonel, Geo. W. Pratt, while charg-
ing the enemy's impregnable breastworks late in the
afternoon of the last day's battle. Captain Ward was
among the bravest men and best soldiers who, that day,
went into the desperate fight. He died within a fort-
night after receiving his wound. The sights of wounded
and suffering men, witnessed by the soldiers of the One
Hundred and Twentieth in these hospitals, impressed
upon them a vivid idea of the horrors of war and taught
them what the future in this bitter contest, might have
in store for themselves.

Around the encampment of the One Hundred and
Twentieth, were thousands of McClellan's veterans
returned from the Peninsular campaign. Among these

OXB HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 2/

the soldiers of the regiment found many friends from
the North, whose accounts of the battles they had fought,
the hardships they had endured and the " moving acci-
dents by flood and field " they had experienced, were
listened to by them with the liveliest interest. A grand
review, composed of these troops, and others in the vicin-
ity, was held on October 2d, in a large field about two
miles from Fairfax Seminary. Not fewer than fifteen
thousand soldiers formed the array, the various arms of
the service being all represented. The general officers
reviewing, were Heintzleman, Sickles and Carr. The
men at first, were formed in a single line of battle, then
in three lines, with artillery in the rear. The ceremonies
usual on these occasions were performed with full
knowledge of what was proper to each. The appear-
ance of the battalions and of the whole array was
soldierly and imposing, and well deserved the commen-
dations bestowed upon it, in which the One Hundred
and Twentieth Regiment had a merited share of honor.
In the new organization of the army under Burnside,
soon to take place, the One Hundred and Twentieth
Regiment was to form part of the Second (Excelsior)
brigade belonging to Sickles' Second division, Colonel
George B. Hall being in command of the brigade.

Up to October nth, the regiment remained in the
same camping ground at the Seminary. The duties of
camp life were performed day by day with strict regu-
larity, but the incidents and transactions of these days,
having so much in common, do not require a particular
detail. The regiment took up its march on the 1 1 th of
October, toward Upton's Hill, not only leaving its
pleasant camping ground of the previous weeks, but

28 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

with it many articles of personal comfort which had
solaced the soldiers while continuing there. Both
ofificers and men were required to dispense with what-
ever was unnecessary and retain no superfluous clothing
or baggage or utensils to cumber their movements in
the field. This looked like a speedy entering on an
aggressive campaign.

Their present encampment at Upton's Hill, was near
the spot where the Twentieth N. Y. S. M., had their
quarters the previous winter and within a short distance
of Falls Church, a quaint old edifice, with historic mem-
ories, within whose grounds a number of the Twentieth's
deceased soldiers are interred. During the remaining
days of October, the regiment continued within the same
narrow bounds, moving its camp a few miles from time
to time, marching on the 17th from Upton's Hill and
again pitching its tents at Fairfax Seminary. Little
occurred of special interest except a grand review on
the 2 2d, of some twenty thousand troops near Alex-
andria, at which President Lincoln, Secretaries Seward
and Stanton, Generals Banks and Sickles, and a large
number of other generals and government officials were
present. On the last day of October, orders were
received to be in readiness to march next morning. On
November ist, accordingly, the sick were sent to the
hospital and the whole division stood arrayed in march-
ing order. Baggage, ammunition and supply trains,
artillery, ambulances, and long lines of troops with
their colors displayed were presently in motion. The
soldiers of the One Hundred and Twentieth, with their
shelter-tents strapped to their knapsacks, took their
position in the marching column. Their fortunes now

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 29

and henceforth were to be joined to those of the Army
of the Potomac. Their faces were turned toward the
South where the enemy they proposed to meet were
known to be, nor were they to turn back from the task
undertaken, till the great conflict was fought through
and the victory won.

General McClellan, it is known, remained for weeks
near the battle field of Antietam and seemed to have
grown to the ground there, so long and persistently did
he cling to it. Repeated and urgent messages from
Washington to hasten his departure in pursuit of Lee
effected very little. He pleaded more time to recruit
his exhausted army after the late destructive battle, to
clothe, equip and provision his forces, to repair the
heavy losses he had sustained, and completely fit them for
the work they were expected to do. At length, on the
26th of October, nearly seven weeks after the Antietam
battle, the order was issued to pack up and get ready to
march. The direction was the Potomac, which the army
was to cross on pontoons. The process was slow and
the crossing was not completed 'till the 2d of Novem-
ber.

Its position on reaching the " sacred soil " was east
of the Blue Ridge, along the line of which it moved
slowly southward, having advanced on the 7th of No-
vember, to Warrenton. While encamped near this
place, an order arrived from Washington on this day
relieving General McClellan from the command of the
army and putting General Burnside in his place. It
seemed a hard measure to the man who had so promptly
and skilfully reorganized Pope's discomfited army,
achieved the victory of South Mountain and driven Lee

30 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

out of Maryland, but the Washington authorities were
bent on rebuking, what they considered McClellan's tardi-
ness of movement, and this was the result. They placed a
chief in command of whom they expected a more prompt
and aggressive action and more decisive results. How
far this expectation was to be verified, the events of a
few weeks were to determine. Meanwhile, Burnside
having submitted his plan of operations to the " powers "
at Washington and received assent to it, at once began
his march toward Fredericksburg, before which city by
the 19th of October, the three "grand divisions " of his
army, consisting of 1 27,574 officers and men had arrived.
The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, as a part
of the Army of the Potomac, was guided by the move-
ments of the whole. Sickles' division, was the Second of
the Third Corps, which with the Fifth Corps, formed the
Centre Grand Division, commanded by General Joseph
Hooker. Parts of this force were already before Fred-
ericksburg and its other subdivisions were steadily draw-
ing together, to the same point. The One Hundred and
Twentieth, after marches to Centreville, Bull Run, Bris-
toe Station and other points, encamped on the loth of
November, at Manasses Junction, where they saw Gen-
eral McClellan, on leaving the army, receive and return
the greeting of the troops. Thence their course was
toward the Rappahannock. They crossed Occoquan
Creek on the 2 5th ; passed through Dumfries on the 26th ;
Stafford on the 27th, and on the 28th, encamped within
two miles of Falmouth, opposite Fredericksburg. The
army of Burnside was now concentrated, a narrow river
alone separating it from the foe it had marched hither to
encounter.

CHAPTER IV.

BURNSIDE CROSSES THE RAPPAHANNOCK ASSAULTS THE ENEMY's DEFENSES

— HIS DISASTROUS DEFEAT AND LOSSES — THE ONE HUNDRED AND
TWENTIETH NOT IN THE MAIN ASSAULT — UNDER FIRE FOR THE FIRST TIME

MOVEMENTS AND SERVICES OF THE REGIMENT BEFORE AND AFTER THE

BATTLE AN ARMISTICE TO REMOVE -THE WOUNDED AND BURY THE DEAD

UNION ARMY RECROSSES THE RIVER MORAL OF THE DEFEAT.

It is not my purpose to go into a detailed description
of the battle of Fredericksburg, that proved so disas-
trous to the Union army. This narrative is concerned
chiefly with the One Hundred and Twentieth Regi-
ment, and the part it played in the mighty drama, the
several acts of which were now developing, one by one.
A sketch, however, of the several batdes in which the
regiment shared, is necessary, in order that the situation
in which it was placed from time to time, the character
of the service it rendered and how this service was
performed, may appear in a distinct light. Burnside's
plan was an immediate crossing of the river as soon as
it could be reached, the occupying of Fredericksburg
while Lee's army was far away, and then a rapid and
direct movement upon Richmond. Halleck telegraphed
to Burnside the President's view of the plan in these
words, " he thinks it will succeed if you move rapidly,
otherwise not." Had Burnside been able to cross the
Rappahannock, on or about the 19th of November,
when his forces were all collected and ready to pass

32 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

over, he might have succeeded in his design. Certainly,
the history of the bloody days that soon followed would
have been very different. As it was, the pontoons
which were to have been at the river at the time the
General and his troops reached it, did not arrive until
the 2 5th. By this time a considerable force of the Con-
federates had reached Fredericksburg, followed within a
short interval by their whole army, which was soon for-
midably entrenched on the hills overlooking the city.
The crossing could now only be effected in the face of a
determined and powerful foe, ready to rain down de-
struction upon all assailants and eager, in fact, to be
assailed in their chosen stronghold. A sagacious and
prudent commander would have paused long before
dooming his men to so desperate an undertaking. But,
excellent though General Burnside might be as a man,
and brave as a soldier and fitted to lead a division or
even a corps skillfully, he lacked the ability, as some
stronger men than he, in the like position, also did, to
inspire and manage the combinations of a great army so
that the best results might be secured by the most suit-
able means. Even Lee himself, whose ability to com-
mand an entire army was not often questioned, commit-
mitted on the third day of Gettysburg, a blunder sim-
ilar to that committed by Burnside, on the 14th of De-
cember, when he hurled his devoted masses against the
redoubts and entrenchments of Marye's Hill, before
which they fell in frightful numbers by the hands of foes
whom no mortal valor could dislodge. The result was
such as might have been and should have been readily
foreseen. The repeated attempts to carry the enemy's
positions had failed signally. Our brave troops were

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 33

repulsed at all points, and within a day or two the
shattered army recrossed the Rappahannock with their
numbers diminished by thirteen thousand, dead and
wounded, who formed the ghastly record of this terrible
day.

Not much of this loss, indeed, fell upon the One
Hundred and Twentieth Regiment. Its position in this
battle, was such, as not to render it exposed to the
hottest fire of the enemy. The service it was called
upon to perform, however, from the time it encamped
near Falmouth, on November 28th, till the battle of the
13th of December closed, was arduous and efficient.
The cutting of wood, for the construction of corduroy
roads found necessary for the use of the army, occupied
many men, whose labors were sometimes continued
through the entire night. Detachments of the men
were posted along the Rappahannock day and night
doing picket duty, the pickets of the enemy being sta-
tioned on the opposite bank. Incessant vigilance was
necessary in the immediate presence of an alert enemy,
and the getting in readiness to cross the river for the
coming attack, called for energetic and persistent work
from every department of the Union army.

The men of the One Hundred and Twentieth had
their full share of the toil, hardship and privation which
in the cold and sometimes stormy December days and
nights, befel the army on the eve of its grim encounter'
with the enemy. On the night of the 12th the brigade
to which the One Hundred and Twentieth was attached,
marched five miles down the river and bivouaced in
the woods. On the 13th, the day of the battle, the
brigade moved to the hills near the Rappahannock,

34 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

taking station in rear of our batteries on the heights.
General Sickles' division, to which the brigade was
attached, was posted here as a reserve. This position
overlooked the city of Fredericksburg, the heights
beyond on which the rebel army was entrenched, and
the wide plain separating the two. They were thus
witnesses of the battle in all its furious progress. They
saw the repeated charges of our brave troops upon the
enemy's works ; how again and again the strong posi-
tions were assailed with stubborn but unavailing valor,
while the cheers of our soldiers and the yells of the
enemy were mingled with the rattle of musketry and
the roar of artillery. General Sickles' division was sent
to re-enforce the Left Centre under General Franklin,
whose command had crossed on the 12th, and now
needed whatever reserves could be brought to its sup-
port. This division began to cross the river at about
3 p. M. of the 1 3th, the battle then raging, and took its
assigned position at the front. The One Hundred and
Twentieth got over the river about sunset, and joining
its brigade in the front line of battle, soon found what
that position meant by the shrieking of a shell which
passed over their heads, burying itself in the ground
behind them. Some one proposed three cheers — a
bravado, by the way, which veteran troops would never
have displayed — for the first shot which sternly saluted
the regiment, and the men were beginning to respond,
when the untimely outburst was checked, by fear of
attracting the notice of the enemy. The men however,
made themselves merry with an incident which pres-
ently attracted their notice. One of the captains sent
his colored servant to bring in some cornstalks from a

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 35

Stack standing near. He had brought one armful, had
returned and loaded himself with a second, with which
he was just starting, when a solid shot struck the stack,
scattering its contents around. In a trice the doughty-
African was flat on his back, with his armful of stalks
covering him in front like a shield and clasped tightly
to his breast, as though safety from rambling cannon
balls lay only in that. It was found hard enough to get
him to come out from his cover and stand erect, with
such perils compassing him around.

Shortly after dark a company was advanced as skirm-
ishers, reaching a ditch running parallel with the line of
battle. The enemy's position could be seen from a hill
that rose just before them. Here the horrors of a
battle-field were visible all around them, the ground
they occupied having been fought over that day, being
strewn with dead, and having other signs that mark a
sanguinary struggle. When the morning dawned they
found themselves within range of the sharpshooters'
rifles, and were ordered to fall back to a more sheltered
position. A lieutenant and ten men who were detailed
for special duty on the same night, got beyond the
picket line, and creeping on hands and knees among
the dead and wounded, were so near the enemy's lines
as to hear their soldiers in conversation. They re-
mained in this position till after midnight, when they
crept back to their picket line, with only one of their
number wounded.

On Sunday the 14th, the regiment lay on their arms
in the front all day, under fire of the enemy's guns,
though the combat had virtually ceased, only occasional
missiles from musket and cannon being exchanged.

36 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

On the 1 5th the same comparative quiet pervaded the
two armies, and at 2 p. M. a flag of truce brought about
a cessation of hostilities. This was done in order that
our wounded might be taken from the field and our dead
buried. While this sacred office was performing, the
pickets of the Union and rebel forces were seen in
neighborly, if not friendly intercourse, exchanging such
commodities as each party desired to obtain of the
other, " Yankee " sugar and coffee, for " Johnnie " hoe-
cake and tobacco, forming the staple articles in the
barter. There was now nothing more for the Uuion
army to do on the south side of the Rappahannock,
and all that remained for it at present, was to re -cross
the river. This was accomplished on the 16th, with-
out molestation from the enemy. The bridges were
taken up, and the old camping ground before the
disastrous battle, was re-occupied. The ordeal through
which the army had passed since the 12th, had
been a terrible one, and it was small solace to the sur-
vivors of the conflict, and to the hearts lacerated by
losses of kindred and friends, to be told, and to know,
that the bloody catastrophe might have been, and with
more wisdom at the helm, would have been avoided.
The lesson learned, had been a stern one to the Union
army, whose spirit never quailed under the worst
reverses, and which calmly and with good heart, abided
the time when Fortune would smile upon it and reward its
constancy and valor with deserved victory. That day
might be distant, indeed, and many a deadly struggle of
contending hosts must ensue before its dawn, but it was
surely coming. And the brave Union heart, true to the
right, and strong in its faith, was content to wait and see.

CHAPTER V.

SICKNESS AND DEATH IN CAMP — THE FAMOUS "MUD MARCH " AND WHAT

CAME OF IT THE ARMY's NEW COMMANDER, GENERAL HOOKER

EFFECTS OF THE CHANGE ON THE TROOPS ARMY IN WINTER QUARTERS

COLONEL SHARPE GOES ON HOOKEr's STAFF, LIEUTENANT-COLONEL

WESTBROOK IN COMMAND OF THE REGIMENT THE SOLDIERS CHEERED

BY TOKENS FROM HOME PRESIDENT LINCOLN'S VISIT AND REVIEW OF

TROOPS INCIDENTS GETTING READY FOR A FORWARD MOVEMENT.

For several days after reaching their encampment on
the north bank of the Rappahannock, the soldiers of the
army enjoyed quiet and rest undisturbed. It was a
pleasant relief from the confusing noises which had late-
ly stunned the ear, and from the toilsome days and
comfortless nights which the situation, the past week,
had imposed. The men of the One Hundred and
Twentieth, though shivering under their slight shelter
tents, in the cold December nights, shared, in common
with the army, the restful feeling, arising from release
for a season — a brief one it might be — from the exhaust-
inof burdens attendant on their recent services in front
of the enemy's works. But all burdens were not taken
off, even now. For sickness, with heavy-pressing hand,
finds its way into the quietest camps, and death, with
his levelling stroke, comes to soldier and civilian alike.

Three members of the regiment, died on Sunday, the
2 1 St, one of whom was the captain of company H,
Charles H. McEntee, a brave and meritorious soldier,
and an estimable man. The two others were private

38 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

soldiers, Isaac E. Shultis, of company A and Matthew
Stokes, of company C. These two were buried here
with the usual military honors, while the captain's re-
mains, escorted to the railroad station by the company
he had commanded, were forwarded to his late home
at Rondout.

When the year 1863 opened, and during the whole
of January, a considerable number of the regiment were
on the sick list. The hospital tents, fitted for their
accommodation, had many occupants who needed the
doctor's care, and from these, from time to time, com-
rades who had succumbed to disease, were carried
forth to their burial. From the diary referred to in the
introductory chapter, this record of January i6th, is
taken : — " Much sickness prevails. Almost every day
we heard the muffled drums, as one of our comrades
was carried to the grave. To-day, the regiment mus-
ters only 400 men fit for duty." Life in the field, under
tents, in cold and often stormy weather, as the case
was now, so different from what the men had been
accustomed to at home, with privations and hardships
hitherto untried, told strongly upon the health of many,
so that the losses in battle were found not to outnumber
those that the army sustained from other causes as the
war progressed. In fact, disease caused far greater
mortality than the bullet.* The shelter tent, indeed, so
unfitted to keep out cold, so provocative of chills, fevers,
lung diseases, rheumatism and other ailments, might be

* From a statement prepared in the Adjutant-General's ofiSce, it
appears, that during the war, 1861-65, the number of Union soldiers
killed in battle was 67,058 ; died of wounds, 43,012, total, 110,067.
Died of disease, 199,720.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 39

supplanted by log cabins, made tight and comfortable
by the craft of soldier workmen. If only sure of remain-
ing in winter quarters there, this change would have
been made, and was, in fact, begun by the regiment as
early as January 9th. But Burnside was still in com-
mand and yearned to regain the confidence of the army
by some bold stroke against the enemy, that would
measureably redeem the recent sore failure. With this
in view, plans were buzzing through his brain, among
them one of re-crossing the Rappahannock a few miles
above Fredericksburg, and falling upon Lee's forces
when unprepared. This led to the issuing of orders to
his army to be prepared at any moment to march. And
so on the 20th of January, the march actually began —
very slowly and toilfully, because of the roads — con-
tinuing only a mile and a half, that afternoon. It was
resumed early on the 21st, amid a pouring rain which
had begun the evening before, continuing without ces-
sation all night. The diary referred to, describes the
situation in these words :

" The pontoons, artillery and some of the wagon trains, were in
the advance, and the troops were slowly and sullenly moving through
the driving storm and deep, sticky mud. The wagons and artillery
sank to their axles, so that twelve horses could not move a small field
gun. At 3 P.M., we had gained about six miles. * * *
We expected to cross the river early the next morning, and to be placed
in position to attack the enemy's lines, but the mud was so deep it was
impossible to move our trains. At 3 p. m., the regiment was ordered
out without arms to cut poles and make corduroy roads. We built the
road to a point from which we could see the enemy, across the river.
They seemed to be well-informed in regard to our movements, for
they had painted, on a large board, clearly legible from this side,
' Burnside and his pontoons stuck in the mud — move at i o'clock,
three days' rations in haversacks.'"

40 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

This was the famous " Mud March," which, by the
testimony of all whose lot it was to share it, rendered
every other that the faithful Army of the Potomac ever
made, as child's play, in comparison. Dead horses and
mules strewed all the road over which the men returned
to their camp. The expedition was at an end, and fortun-
ate for the army that it was. General Franklin, in a letter
to Halleck — written after the war — pithily expressed it,
" So I looked upon the rain which stopped his (Burn-
gide's) second attempt to cross the river, (the Mud
March), as a Providential interference in our behalf."

The control of the army was now to pass into other
hands. On the 2 5th of January, 1863, an order arrived
from Washington, relieving General Burnside of the
command of the army, and appointing General Joseph
Hooker, in his place. Hooker was a soldier of ripe
experience, with a high record as brigade, division and
corps commander, having shown marked ability in the
management of these several commands. His brave
and fearless spirit, his readiness to fight the enemy
whenever a chance to win presented and even when that
chance seemed doubtful, and his bearing on the field as
a gallant soldier and chivalric leader, had gained for him
the name of " Fighting Joe Hooker," so expressive of
the sense the soldiers had of his heroic and aggressive
qualities. His popularity with the troops was undoubt-
ed, and his advancement to the chief command, after
Fredericksburg, was hailed by them, at least, with lively
satisfaction. Whether the superior officers regarded
him as fully competent for his present high trust, is
another question. It is safe to say, that some of these
had doubts on this subject. He was soon to test, how-

OXE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 4 '

ever, as his predecessor had done, his capacity for the
charge and direction of a great army, and had the best
wishes of all for his success. It is certain that under his
administration, a new vigor was soon infused into the
army. General Couch, speaking of what took place
after Hooker assumed command, says : " I have never
known men to change from a condition of lowest depres-
sion to that of a healthy fighting state in so short a
time." The strength and spirits of the army both, were
well recruited by the rest, in winter quarters. Furloughs
were generously given during this period of inaction,
and with excellent results, those receiving them return-
ing promptly to their posts when their leaves of absence
expired. In discipline, in fighting material, in courage,
in enthusiasm, a finer body of men than the army which
Hooker commanded when the spring of 1 863 opened,
it' would be hard indeed to find. Its numbers, too,
amounted to nearly, if not quite, 1 2 5, 000 men, and what
achievements might not be effected for the Union
cause, when such an army should come in conflict with
its foes !

During the months of February, March and April,
while the army lay in winter quarters before Fredericks-
burg, little occurred in the experience of the regiment,
requiring special mention. There were some deaths of
the members in hospital, a record of which will appear
in another place. Some changes, too, in officers, occurred
through transfer and resignations. Colonel Sharpe, much
to the regret of the regiment, received in February, an
appointment on the staff of General Hooker, which he
was induced to accept, devolving thus, the command of
the regiment, on Lieutenant-Colonel Westbrook, who

42 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

continued in command till disabled by a wound, at
Gettysburg. Adjutant Selah O. Tuthill, Captains Pier-
son and S. S. Westbrook, and Lieutenant Dumond
Elmendorf resigned, and their places, as will appear
elsewhere, were duly filled. The army was well sup-
plied with stores and provisions. Mails came regularly
with their welcome freight of letters from home, and
papers bringing news of what was passing in the world
without, and in the vicinity of the soldiers' homes,
which interested them still more. Other remembrances
also came, in the shape of boxes and packages, containing
articles to minister to the comfort of the men in the
field, and these tokens came close home to the hearts of
the various recipients. For the men who honored reli-
gion, and sought to practise its precepts amid the din of
arms and the hindrances interposed to Christian duty on
the tented field, the God-fearing officer's tent was
opened, where, while off camp duty, many like-minded
were glad to assemble and find comfort and strength in
the words of praise, prayer and exhortation heard with-
in, and support in the great struggle going on, in an arm
mightier than man's. President Lincoln, whose reve-
rent spirit led him habitually to look upward for help to
bear the grievous burdens pressing on him, was ever
the friend of the chaplains, and was pleased to have them
lead the soldiers to trust in that Supreme Protector
without whose guardianship of " the city, the watchman
waketh but in vain."

The President's great anxiety for the safety of the

'country, and for the success of its armies, led him often

to the front when troops lay within easy reach from

Washington. It was no uncommon thing to see him at

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 43

reviews, mingling familiarly with officers, and express-
ing sympathy with the troops in their sacrifices for the
common cause, and inspiring confidence by his hopeful
words and by his serene faith in the ultimate success of
the right. On the 6th of this month the whole cavalry
force of the Potomac army was reviewed by the Presi-
dent and General Hooker, near Falmouth. Mrs. Lincoln
was with him on this occasion, and their little son " Tad,"
the boy riding a pony and Mrs. Lincoln seated in a car-
riage drawn by six horses. Many of the One Hundred
and Twentieth were spectators of the review, which
presented a more superb and imposing display than it
had ever been their privilege to see. On the 7th " the
boys " were out in force to see the President, as he
passed through their camp. His thoughtful, honest,
care-worn face, lit up at times with a smile while con-
versing with those near him, impressed them deeply,
and many spoke what they felt, that he was indeed the
man for the crisis, and fitly chosen to pilot the ship of
state safely through the tempestuous seas. On April
8th the Third Corps, under General Sickles, was reviewed
by the President near the Lacey House, opposite Fred-
ericksburg. The Corps was arrayed in line of battle,
forty regiments in double column forming the right, a
number of batteries of artillery the left, while a hundred
yards in rear of the centre, the immense baggage,
ammunition and supply trains were located, with 2,000
mules attached to the multitudinous wagons of the trains.
Apropos of the mules, a stirring, and but for its sober
accompaniments, a ludicrous incident here occurred.
For as a battery suddenly opened in salute of the review-
ing party, some of the long-eared quadrupeds, not yet

44 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

hardened to the roar of cannon, were seized with a
panic, ensuing in a stampede of a large number. Mules
dashed against mules, and against and over all obstacles
that rose before them, producing a scene of the wildest
confusion and dismay. Nor did the scene pass without
harm resulting, for a number of men received hurts
more or less serious, and not a few mules had broken
legs and other injuries, making the killing of them
necessary. Notwithstanding this exciting episode, not
down in the bills, the review went along according
to the programme, and was in every respect a grand
military display, well deserving the encomiums it
received.

On April loth the regiment went with the whole
brigade to General Sickles' headquarters to see the
President take leave of the army, on his return to Wash-
ington. The troops lined both sides of the corduroy
road they had built, the lines extending from General
Hooker's headquarters to the railway station. The
President, Mrs. Lincoln and little son in a carriage pre-
ceded Generals Hooker and Sickles and their staffs,
while cheers uprose from the troops, and strains of mar-
tial music rent the air, proclaiming how the hearts of all
were affected toward their kind, wise ruler, and how
warmly they responded to his good wishes for triumphs
soon to come.

All indications now pointed to the speedy beginning
of active work in the field. The last inspections were
held, requisite stores were supplied, articles not essen-
tial to an army in marching and fighting trim, were laid
aside to be left behind, and all were awaiting the daily
expected summons to break camp and march forth

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ^S

against the enemy. General Stoneman, in command of
the cavalry, had received his orders before the 1 3th of
April, to cross the Rappahannock at its upper fords and
sweep down upon, and cut off Lee's communications
with Richmond, with the design of forcing the latter to
fall back on his depots and give up Fredericksburg.
The crossing could not be effected, by reason of heavy
and continuous rains which made the river unfordable
for many days at the point he meant to cross, nor did he
get over till the main army had crossed, and the work
he was sent to do, even if possible then to be done,
ceased to be of any avail. By the 30th of April, the
principal part of the army had crossed the river. General
Hooker having reached Chancellorsville, at 6 p. m., of
that day, with four corps, besides that of General
Sickles, in reserve and near at hand. The crossing had
been effected skillfully and expeditiously, and it looked
as though Hooker's plan for enveloping and crushing
the hostile army, was in a fair way of successful ex-
ecution. It was not owing to any misgiving on the part
of the General commanding, or want of perfect con-
fidence in the success of his plans and manoeuvres, that
he did not succeed. His jubilant manifesto, issued at
Chancellorsville, and read by Colonel Westbrook, on
this same 30th of April before the regiment, which had
not yet crossed the river, proclaims how sanguine the
General felt of grasping a splendid victory, such a thing
as failure being judged by him quite out of the question.
It ran in these ambitious words, which remind one
strongly of Pope's grandiloquent address when he
assumed command of the army, a short time before Bull
Run:

46 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

"It is with heartfelt satisfaction that the Commanding General
announces to the army, that the operations of the last three days
have determined that our enemy must either ingloriously fly, or come
out from behind his entrenchments and give us battle on our own
ground, where certain destruction awaits him. The operations of
the Fifth, Eleventh and Twelfth Corps have been a succession of
splendid achievements.

■ ' By command of Major General Hooker. "

The " achievements" of getting on the ground in so
alert and silent a way as to surprise Lee, still at Fredericks-
burg, were no doubt "splendid" enough, but they were
after all only preliminary, deciding nothing so long as the
remaining steps in the plan were not properly taken.
Hooker's plan in brief was, to have Sedgwick with three
corps cross the Rappahannock below Fredericksburg,
himself holding four corps under his own eye around Chan-
cellorsville, and then have the two wings move toward
each other, taking the enemy in flank and in reverse,
and thus effect his "certain destruction," as the order
expressed it. It was a very pretty plan, similar to
McClellan's plan at Antietam — though this had bet-
ter results — and might have succeeded had it been
promptly and thoroughly carried out, and had nothing
unexpected occurred to disconcert and overthrow it. But
such unforeseen thing did occur in the shape of Stone-
wall Jackson's little counter-move against Hooker's
Eleventh corps- under Howard, lying far off to the
right, unguarded, unsuspicious of danger, in military
phrase "in the air," and thus presenting a tempting
prize to the eye of an enterprising adversary. The
attack, which fell like a thunderbolt from a clear sky,
suddenly turned Hooker's sunshine into black clouds,

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 47

and thenceforward he had all he could do to repel, with-
out being himself overthrown, the fierce and repeated
onslaughts of the foe. What share the One Hundred
and Twentieth Regiment had in the progress of this
grim and sanguinary conflict, will appear in the follow-
ing chapter.

At this stage of the war, the crossing of the Rappa-
hannock by the Union army seemed the certain presage
of defeat and disaster. After two gallant attempts to
win victory beyond this river, resulting in failure, further
effort in this direction, as the faint-hearted would be
ready to say, might as well be abandoned. But the
faint-hearted did not control the national counsels, nor
pervade the armies in the field, as would be shown ere
long by the locality where the great final triumphs of
the war were achieved.

CHAPTER VI.

CROSSING THE RAPPAHANKOCK — HOOKER AND HIS ARMY AT CHANCELLORS-

VILLE — STONEWALL JACKSON's ATTACK ON HOWARD STAMPEDE OF THE

ELEVENTH CORPS CONFEDERATE ADVANCE ARRESTED — ACCOUNTS OF

THE BATTLE AND THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH'S PART IN IT.

COLONEL WESTBROOK's MEMORANDA — MR. LEWIS' DIARY GENERAL

DOUBLEDAy's history DEATH OF GENERALS BERRY AND WHIPPLE

ARMY RECROSSES THE RAPPAHANNOCK LOSSES AT CHANCELLORSVILLE.

On the afternoon of April 28th, the regiment began
its march toward the Rappahannock, not reluctant to
bid farewell to the rude log-huts in which they had been
" cabin'd, cribbed, confined," for four months. Advanc-
ing four miles, the Excelsior brigade encamped in a
wood not far from the river-bank above Fredericks-
burg. It remained here till the 30th, the troops cheered
by the paymaster's presence, whom they had not seen
for several months, and who now cancelled all arrears.
This did the "heart good, like a medicine," infusing
fresh strength for the heat and burden of the coming
days.

Resuming their march at noon, they held on their
way till midnight ; making a detour to avoid the enemy's
observation, the brigade bivouacking in an open field
within four miles of United States Ford. On May ist
at noon they crossed the river, and making a rapid
march of five miles, were stationed in support of a bat-
tery. The position occupied was nearly in the rear of
the centre of the Union line, and of General Hooker's

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 49

headquarters, at the Chancellorsville House. The
division of General Berry, to which the brigade belonged,
was held as a reserve.

While the division lay at this point, and toward the
close of the following day. May 2d, Jackson's famous
attack was made on Howard's Eleventh Corps, lying on
the extreme right of the Union lines. The effect of
this attack, as is well known, was overwhelming. The
troops of Howard, taken by surprise, as nearly all can-
did authorities agree, many of them away from their
arms, some preparing or taking their evening meal,
had little time to form line or make effective resistance
against the sudden storm which burst upon them. With
some gallant, though unavailing attempts, on the part
of a brigade or two, to stand firm, the whole corps was
thrown into confusion and became, in a brief space, a
disorganized, flying crowd, that streamed in wild disorder
to the rear, past Hooker's headquarters. Men, wildly
seeking their own safety, horses, with and without riders,
army wagons and ambulances, pack mules, beef cattle
bellowing as they ran, formed a scene such as bedlam
broke loose might fitly represent. The enemy, yelling
and firing, pressed fast on the heels of the panic-stricken
throng. There was ground for fear, that other troops
stationed in the route of these fugitives, might not escape
the contagion of fright, or might not be able to make
successful head against the furious onslaughts of a foe,
elated by success, and dashing forward to grasp larger
and more decisive advantages.

Resistance, however, to the rebel advance, was prompt-
ly made, and so effectually, that a check for a time at
least, was put upon it. General Berry's division, held

4

50 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

in reserve, as before stated, was now brought into
requisition, and bore an important part in staying the
rushing tide that threatened to sweep away everything
before it. Doubleday, says of this division : " they were
true and tried men and went forward at once to the res-
cue. Berry was directed to form across the Plank
Road, drive the rebels back and retake the lost
entrenchments — an order easy to give but very difficult
to execute. The most he could do under the circum-
stances, was to form his line in the valley opposite
Fairview, and hold his position there, the enemy already
having possession of the higher ground beyond."

This force, with several batteries formed across the
Plank Road, whose fire was very destructive, largely
contributed to arrest the farther advance of the enemy

The commander of the One Hundred and Twentieth,
Colonel C. D. Westbrook, has furnished some interest-
ing memoranda relating to the situation and action of
his regiment and of the troops associated with it, grow-
ing out of Jackson's attack and the rout of the Eleventh
Corps. What effective part these troops took in arrest-
ing the furious progress of Jackson's forces, will appear
from the following statement :

" Massed in close column by division, our brigade lay under arms
nniil about 5 p. m., May 2, when we were sent forward on double-
quick about half a mile on the Plank Road. Here we met General
Berry, who sent two or three regiments ahead to the left, and ordered
the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment into the thick woods on
our right On the officer in command asking, ' how am I to get
there,' in view of a ditch, overflowed swamp and densest thicket in
front, the reply was, ' I don't know, but get there you must and form
line to the front to stop this panic' The officer put spurs to his
horse, cleared the ditch, floundered through the swamp and landed

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 5 I

on a firm piece of ground, being quickly followed by the regiment.
Bayonets were fixed, a charge made to the front, other regiments-
coming up and extending the movement to the right. The sound of
confused orders reached us from the thickets just beyond, indicating
the close proximity of the enemy, when the regiment was stopped till
the line, reaching about half a mile in the woods, was fully formed.
Quickly came the rattle of musketry, mingled with heavy cannonading
from our rear, the shells flying over head, lighting up the thickening
darkness of the woods. The din was kept up till near midnight,
while hastily constructed barricades of brush and logs were thrown
up for such protection as they might afford.

"The First and Third divisions of our Corps, had been sent
away early in the afternoon to watch certain columns of the enemy
which had been seen marching toward the southwest in the direction
of Howard's command. These divisions had attacked the rear of
the marching column, and had captured a Georgia regiment, shortly
after which, Jackson's attack fell upon Howard's Corps. After this cap-
ture, the two divisions marched back still on the left of the Plank
Road, rea'ching a position, where, with our division on the right of
the road and Howard's in front, they formed together three sides of
a triangle. Jackson's forces having swept away Howard's, were now
the side of the triangle in front of us on the right of the Plank Road.
Being mingled together, in their hot pursuit through the thick
woods and darkness, and arrested by the charge of our troops, they
struggled in vain to reform their disordered lines. The leading
division was therefore withdrawn to Dowdall's Tavern, to reform, and
A. P. Hill's division sent to occupy their places in the front. While
this was going on, Jackson, with a few of his aids, went forward to
reconnoitre, with a view to continuing his aggresive operations,
charging his pickets to beware of firing upon him, on his return. He
was struck down, as he could hardly fail to be, in that seething fur-
nace of shot and shell, lighting up the darkness on every side, but
whether his own men, or the enemy, fired the fatal shots, is not cer-
tainly known. His death it may be, saved the Union army from
complete overthrow. It is certain, that had he lived to direct the
fiery energies of his troops, it would have resulted in much greater
disaster to the army opposed to him. As it was, the arrest of Jack-
son's forces by Berry's division, with the co-operation of troops and
artillery, brought up by Pleasanton, just at the critical juncture, saved

52 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

the Fifth Corps, lying in their front, from being flanked, and with it,
probably, the routing of Hooker's army at Chancellorsville. On the
other hand, had Reynolds' and Meade's corps, together 3 7,000 strong,
both of whom for inexplicable reasons had taken no part in the
battle, made an attack on the flank of Jackson's forces, while the
fierce struggle about Hazel Grove was going on, as their command-
ers wished, but were not allowed to do, the tables would have been
turned and Chancellorsville would have been won to the Union arms.
But it is useless to speculate on what might or would have been
under other conditions.

' ' The brunt of the battle had fallen on the Third Corps. Their
loss was 3,439 killed and wounded, and 600 missing, the latter loss
consisting mostly of men burned in the woods, where a conflagration
kindled by the combat, licked up the wounded and the dead. "

To the foregoing account, some notes from Mr. Lewis
diary, are subjoined, relating mainly to operations on
the day following Jackson's attack :

' ' There was heavy firing all night in many places along the line,
while ever and anon, the Union cheer or rebel yell, told us of a fierce
charge. Sunday, May 3d, at about 6 a. m. , our pickets were driven
in, and the enemy, in large force, fell upon us with terrible fury.
Soon we were pouring into his advancing columns, a terrific fire of
musketry, with which was mingled, the roar of forty cannon, while
the air seemed filled with minie-balls, shot and shell. The enemy
came rushing on till they were checked within twenty-five feet of our
breastworks. We held our position two hours, until our lines were
broken a short distance to the left of our regiment. As the enemy
came up on our flank, company by company fell back and formed a
line of battle a short distance to the rear, which position we easily
held. The officer in command of our brigade — of the division also,
since General Berry's death and the wounding of General Mott —
General Joseph W. Revere, then led us back nearly to the river where
we remained during the rest of ths day."

General Doubleday, in his history of the battle,
explains the position and service of Berry's division
here referred to, as follows :

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 53

"The last line of our works was finally taken by the enemy, who,
having succeeded in driving off the Third Maryland, of the Twelfth
Corps, on Berry's left, entered near the road and enfiladed the line
to the right and left. Sickles sent Ward's brigade, to take the place
of the Third Maryland, but it did not reach the position assigned it
in time, the enemy being already in possession. In attempting to
remedy this disorder, Berry was killed, and his successor. General
Mott, was wounded. The command then devolved upon General
Revere, who, probably considering further contest hopeless, led his
men out of the action without authority — an offense for which he
was subsequently tried and dismissed the service. "*

The fighting from the early morning of May 3d, till
the Union troops were forced back from the third line,
was of the most furious character. Our lines, under
Hancock, Sickles, Slocum, Couch and Humphreys, were
formed in front and around the Chancellorsville House,
with nearly the whole rebel army, under A. P. Hill,
McLaws, Anderson and Stuart, (in place of " Stonewall "
Jackson, disabled the night before,) determined at all
hazards, to break through and overwhelm their tena-
cious enemy. Frequent and desperate attacks were
made upon the Union positions, which were defended
with equal energy and resolution. The contest about
Hazel Grove and Fairview, was hottest. The possession
of the hill at the former point, was vital to the success
of the Confederates, and when after tremendous efforts,
they gained the height and crowned it with artillery,
they became virtually masters of the situation. Nothing
was left for the Union forces to do, but to fall back,
step by step, which was done in perfect order, every
foot of the ground being contested with unabated spirit

* The sentence, however, being subsequently set aside through
President Lincoln's interposition.

54 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

and constancy, and no position abandoned till it became
untenable. Sickles' Corps, on which the main force of
the attack fell, and which had a large share in prevent-
ing our ranks from falling into confusion, behaved
throughout with conspicuous coolness and gallantry.
Birney's and Berry's two divisions of this corps, were
posted on the Plank Road, running from Chancellors-
ville through the centre of the Union line. General
Birney, was on the left of the road, and Berry, under
whom the Excelsior Brigade fought, occupied the right.
They were both exposed to the full sweep of the enemy's
onset, and held fast their respective positions unflinch-
ingly, to the last moment that resistance could avail.

General Berry, after stemming with his division the
night before, the torrent of pursuing enemies, flushed
with success, and on this 3d of May, having done all
that a brave and energetic leader could, to inspire his
troops and keep their ranks unbroken, yielded up his
heroic life, a victim to his devotion. No braver soldier
in the Union army, laid his last supreme offering this
day on the altar of his country, as none had a higher
place in the confidence and affections of his comrades.
His death was a sore loss to his command, and indeed,
to the Union army, of which he formed one of the props
and ornaments.

A kindred tribute is due to General A. W. Whipple,
who was in command of the Third division of Sickles'
Corps. This division, with Birney's, after their engage-
ment with Jackson's rear column, as before noticed,
had returned in time to confront, on the evening of
the 2d, the advance of Jackson's troops, who werenear-
ing the Chancellorsville House. These divisions, with

0.\E HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 55

artillery under Captain J. F. Huntingdon, hastily placed
in position, baffled the last assault of the enemy that
night. General Whipple's services on May 3d, his
position being in rear of Berry and near Fairview, were
equally efficient in the fierce contest there progressing,
which ended, as noticed, in the falling back of the
division. On the morning of May 4th, while attempt-
ing to silence some guns, which by Anderson's orders,
had opened on some wagon trains of the Twelfth Corps,
he was picked off by a sharpshooter and killed, adding
thus another lustrous name to the long list of devoted
men, who, in those trying days, poured out their life-
blood for their country. The death of two division
commanders, of the same corps, on the same field,
though on two successive days, is an event, which the
history of the four years' conflict has rarely found it
necessary to record.

The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, was
left encamped, on the evening of the 3d, near the
Rappahannock, the severe fighting of the day being
ended. The conflict was not renewed on the following
day, nor was there any purpose on the Union side to
renew it. General Hooker, had on the 3d, been stunned
and rendered unconscious for a time, by a shot striking
a pillar against which he was leaning, of the Chancellors -
ville House, and the effect had been to impair the
activity and strength in action which the crisis needed,
and to incline him to turn his thoughts to re-crossing
the river, as a measure of prudence, if not of necessity.
Accordingly, a council of war was called on the evening
of the 4th, at which the situation was discussed, a
decision being arrived at, and an order issued to recross.

56 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

This was carried into effect, and within a brief period,
the several corps, forming the bulk of the army, found
themselves on the north bank of the Rappahannock,
whence they had hopefully issued a few days before, and
minus the victory they had confidently expected to
seize. General Sedgwick, with the Sixth Corps, con-
taining 26,000 men, had barely been able to hold his
own against the forces confronting him, and after various
successes and reverses, whose detail is not a necessary
part of this narrative, found it expedient also to retire
across the river. The much needed help promised him
from Hooker's wing of the army, had not been sent, and
perhaps could not be sent, because not able to be spared
from a body struggling for its own life, and bent on
securing a safe retreat. When this last had been
effected, nothing remained for the gallant Sixth Corps,
in its critical position in front of Lee's whole army, but
to do as the other wing had done and place the Rap-
pahannock between itself and its vaunting enemy. And
so the Army of the Potomac was re-united once more
on the north bank of the little historic river which divided
it, as it had done the past winter, from the foe it had
not yet been able to overcome.

The losses in the Chancellorsville campaign, were
larger than those at Fredericksburgh, heavy as the latter
were. The fearful total was upwads of 17,000 men, of
which number, 12,000, in round numbers, formed the
aggregate in killed and wounded. The Confederate
loss, as reported, was some 2,000 less, the whole number
on both sides being 22,000 — a figure about equalling
the entire present population, men, women and children,

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 57

give a proper conception of what a great battle, which
mows down more than a score of thousands of men,
really means. War is a costly business to life and limb,
besides the manifold evils of other kinds which mark its
desolating footsteps. Happy day for the world, when
the prophetic turning of the sword into the ploughshare,
shall find its fulfillment among the nations, in the cessa-
tion of all wars, and the establishment of universal peace.
The number of casualties in the One Hundred and
Twentieth, according to the Adjutant's report, showed
nine killed, 46 wounded, including one commissioned
officer. Captain Frank W. Reynolds, and 18 missing,
total 72. A more severe ordeal was awaiting the regi-
ment in the coming days. The discipline and trials thus
far, were simply preparative. The men were not
querulous nor disheartened at what they had gone
through, nor disposed to shrink at the prospect which
opened before them. But true to the cause they had
espoused, and to their own convictions that complete
triumph must come in the end to the right, they stood
manfully in their lot, ready to do and suffer all that duty
to their country demanded.

CHAPTER VII.

lee's invasion of the north ^WHY UNDERTAKEN — -CONDITION OF CON-
FEDERATE ARMY — ADVANCES THROUGH SHENANDOAH VALLEY CROSSES

THE POTOMAC OPERATIONS IN PENNSYLVANIA — HOOKEr's MOVEMENTS

AND PLANS RESIGNS COMMAND OF UNION ARMY GENERAL MEADE

APPOINTED TO THE CHIEF COMMAND — MOVEMENTS OF THE ONE HUNDRED
AND TWENTIETH, AFTER CHANCELLORSVILLE.

The outcome of Hooker's repulse at Chancellorsville,
following after an interval of a few months the repulse
of Burnside at Fredericksburg, was the invasion of the
North by the Confederate army. Such an invasion had
long been a cherished idea on the part of the secession
leaders. Their two successes at the points above men-
tioned, put the Confederates in high spirits. They came
to regard themselves as adequate to all military achieve-
ments they might choose to undertake, and in a trial at
arms, practically invincible.

The crossing of the Potomac into Maryland after the
second battle of Bull Run, was in accordance witli their
favorite idea of invasion. The battle of Antietam,
baffled, for a time, the purpose which Lee and his gov-
ernment were longing to execute, viz., to retaliate upon
the North, the inflictions of the war, which had hith-
erto mainly fallen upon southern soil. It would be a
delightful change, to have Confederate armies encamped
on northern fields and quartered in northern cities, with
ample supplies exacted from both. The prospect was a
captivating one and grew more alluring after Chancel-

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 5 9

lorsville. The time seemed now to have come, for the
Confederate forces to pass over and take possession of
the land. They felt themselves quite strong enough to
go up and subdue it, as they were eager to enjoy the
fruits of their anticipated conquest. The had only to
put away doubt and misgiving and throw their energies
into the inviting enterprise, and the result aimed at, was,
to their fancy, surely attained.

As a reward of their heroism, zeal and constancy, the
Confederate government, they believed, would be firmly
established. It would be recognized as a government,
by foreign nations, and this they had labored for and
were specially anxious to bring about. They had their
agents abroad to promote this object, and all possible
means were employed to accomplish it, though their
best efforts thus far, had met with but indifferent success.
They regarded England and France, and with good
reason, as secretly favoring the South, and as willing to
grant such recognition the moment the Confederate
cause had attained a fitting measure of success. This
would be, it was believed, when the southern armies had
taken possession of the great cities and strongholds of
the North, maintaining their hold in spite of all opposi-
tion. In the flush of their recent successes on the Rap-
pahannock, they laughed at all obstacles that might rise
up to prevent the realizing of a dream so enchanting.
They had only to go forward, resolute to brave all, and
overcome all that opposed them, and their staunch,
irresistible army would settle the matter exactly in the
way they designed.

This, no doubt, was the strong inducement that led
General Lee to recross the Potomac, and try his for-

60 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

tunes a second time on northern territory. There were
other things which had their weight, such as reports,
constantly forwarded by rebel spies and sympathizers in
the North, to the effect that friends of the southern
cause residing there, were only waiting for the advance
of Lee's armies to declare themselves, put an end to the
hated war by siding with the invaders and thus secure
to the South an independent government thenceforth.
But the copperhead element, with the bluster and assump-
tion it at times put on, was, when the spirit of the loyal
masses fairly awoke, but as the chaff which the wind
driveth away. The South put more trust in it than
sensible people should, and had really no reason to
wonder, when it proved a broken reed for those who
leaned upon it.

General Lee's decision, however reached, was made
at last, and preparations for his invasion at once began.
His army, during May, was strengthened by two
divisions of Longstreet, and a large number of new
recruits, the whole amounting on May 31st, to 88,000
men in round numbers, of whom 68,000 were ready for
active service. The recent battles had not diminished
his effective force, while the morale of his troops was
higher than ever. A finer army in numbers, in equip-
ment, in discipline, in spirit, courage and confidence, had
at no time taken the field under the Confederate flagf.
The army, divided into three corps, commanded respect-
ively by A. P. Hill, Longstreet and Ewell, was ready at
the opening of June, to begin its famous invasion.

Its rendezvous was Culpeper, for which place two
of Longstreet's divisions set out on the 3d of June,
followed on the 4th, by Ewell's corps. A reconnoisance

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 6 I

by Pleasanton, in command of the Union cavalry, on
the 7th, toward Culpeper, resulted in a sharp engage-
ment with the enemy's cavalry, under Stuart, near
Brandy Station, without effecting much for either side.
To get rid of serious obstructions to crossing the
Potomac, Lee found it important to free the Shenandoah
valley from Union troops, a considerable body of whom,
under Milroy, held it, and with no intention to relinquish
possession, unless forced to do it. This forcing process
was resorted to by General Ewell, who, on the 1 3th of
June, marched upon Winchester, where Milroy was rest-
ing in fancied security, and whence he was driven out
by overpowering numbers and obliged to retreat beyond
the Potomac. His losses in this operation were heavy,
but the Confederates gained their end in clearing the
valley of all Union troops and thus opening an unob-
structed highway through the valley of the Shenandoah
for all the troops desiring to take that route.

Jenkins, at the head of 2,000 cavalry, crossed the
river at Williamsport, June i5th, reaching Chambers-
burg, the same day. He exacted contributions of horses,
grain, etc., from the farmers, as he advanced, striking
terror into the hearts of the inhabitants of the region,
who, looking upon his force as simply the forerunner of
hosts to follow, trembled to think what was to befall
them when the main army should appear. In fact,
Ewell's Corps, was not long in following the lead of its
cavalry, and on the 2 2d, it had crossed the Potomac,
the divisions of Rodes and Johnson reaching Chambers-
burg, on the 23d. On the 27th, these divisions had ad-
vanced to Carlisle, while Jenkins, with his cavalry, pushed
forward to Kingston, only thirteen miles from Har-

62 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

risburg. This daring cavalry leader, approached within
four miles of Harrisburg, skirmishing and seeking to
find out the most favorable points for attacking the city.
With Ewell's infantry to back him, the fate of the Penn-
sylvania capitol seemed to be trembling in the balance.

Numbers of the citizens, dreading the impending
danger, made a hasty flight. But events were occurring
elsewhere, wJiich made Ewell's recall necessary, and
relieved Harrisburg from the presence of a threatening
enemy at its gates.

The corps of Longstreet and Hill, had crossed the
Potomac on the 24th, and united the next day at Hagers-
town. On the 27th, they were at Chambersburg, Hill's
Corps, advancing to Fayettsville, where it was encamped,
on the 29th, with Heth's division thrown forward on
that day to Cashtown, distant eight miles from Gettys-
burg. There Hill's Corps was within striking distance
of Gettysburg, on the west, Longstreet being close
behind him, with Ewell's Corps on the north of this
town and but a few miles off, all indicating that Gettys-
burg was the point toward which the rebel forces were
converging, and where it was determined to abide the
issue of a pitched battle. This outline to the Confed-
erate army's movements is given with some detail, in
order that the operations of the Union forces, before the
great battle of Gettysbui;-g, so momentous in its results,
may be more clearly seen and understood.

For some weeks after the batde of Chancellorsville,
the Army of the Potomac lay quietly in its encampments
near the Rappahannock. General Hooker was not long
in learning that the enemy was projecting some move-
ment, though what its character or direction was, he had

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 63

no certain knowledge. A change in the encampment
on the other side of the river met his eye, and General
Sedgwick was directed to send troops across to recon-
noitre and ascertain whether the main body of Lee's
army remained there. A division was accordingly sent
over, which was soon confronted by Hill's Corps, which
still retained its position near Fredericksburg. The
division sent by Sedgwick, returned, reporting that Lee's
army had not moved, though, in fact, Longstreet's and
Ewell's corps, were then some distance on their way to
Culpeper. Hill, with his corps, followed the others as
soon as he found the force sent by Hooker withdrawn
from the Fredericksburg side of the river and Sedgwick
gone from his front, and then the whole of Lee's army
was moving forward on its northern expedition.

General Hooker remained opposite Fredericksburg,
till the 1 3th of June, when, hearing of Ewell's advance
on Winchester, he started north toward Washington.
On the 1 5th, three of his seven corps were grouped
around Centreville, one was at Manasses, the others at
Fairfax Court House, with Pleasanton and his cavalry
force at Warrenton.

The Union army was now on the alert, the purpose of
the enemy being ascertained, and proper preparation
was made to repel the invasion from whatever quarter
it might come. When the rebel forces were capturing
towns in Pennsylvania and threatening Harrisburg itself,
urgent appeals were forwarded to Hooker to hasten to
the rescue. But his plan was, while he kept his army
interposed between Lee and Washington, so as to guard
the Capitol, to advance on a line parallel with Lee's
army, ready to strike it whenever opportunity presented.

64 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

With this view, his army advanced cautiously, step by
step, in the direction taken by the enemy, a part of it
crossing the Potomac on the 25th, the corps of Reynolds,
Sickles and Howard, being that night at Middletown
and extending as far as Boonsboro. On the 26th, the
Second, Fifth and Sixth corps, were advanced to Fred-
erick, and by the 28th, the greater part of the army was
drawn together at this point as a rendezvous.

Another change in Union commanders now took
place. Certain measures which Hooker desired to effect
for the advantage of the army, as he believed, were not
approved by the Washington authorities, and feeling
that he was hampered, if not thwarted, by this failure to
comply with his requests, he resigned his command.
His resignation was accepted and General George G.
Meade, was at once appointed to fill his place. A
change so important, on the verge of a great battle
that might occur at any moment, might seem a very
dangerous thing to do. But the new commander, though
untried in a position so high and responsible, was well
known as a soldier of experience and skill — a brave,
capable and efficient officer, who would be sure to devote
his best energies to carrying out successfully, the great
work that had devolved upon him.

He found the army true, loyal and prompt, as it had
always been, and ready for whatever service its com-
mander might direct. Only three days would elapse
before its spirit and endurance would be tested in one
of the greatest battles in our history. It was a brief
time for a commander to adjust himself to his position,
and for the troops to know and confide in their leader.
Yet when the trying time came, both leader and soldiers

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 65

showed that their short connections with each other,
had wrought no harm to the cause, and abated nothing
from the ardor, energy and devotion to duty, which
made their struggle victorious.

From Frederick, where the army was on the 28th of
June, General Meade moved nearer the Susquehanna,
and to the enemy clustered around Gettysburg. On
the 30th, the left of his army, the First Corps, was at
Marsh Creek, the Eleventh Corps, at Emmetsburg, a
few miles from Gettysburg. The other corps were
located at different points south of the latter town, but
near enough to each other to operate promptly, should
battle occur at or near Gettysburg. Thus situated, with
Gettysburg as a central point, and the two armies the
circle around it, both awaited, on the 30th of June, such
developements as another day might bring forth.

Little has been said in this chapter about the One
Hundred and Twentieth Regiment. Its movements and
history during the two months after Chancellorsville, are
embraced in those of the whole army whose preparations
to meet the invasion of Lee, have been described. Not
much of special interest occurred requiring distinct
notice. Drilling and reviews, marching and counter-
marching, picket duty and guarding wagon trains, with
routine service in camp, occupied the time, till the sev-
eral corps began to move toward the north. On the
2 5th of June, the regiment crossed the Potomac at
Edwards Ferry, marching along the Chesapeake and
Ohio canal, to Monocacy aqueduct. On the next day,
it advanced to the Point of Rocks, and on the 27th, went
into camp thirteen miles beyond, in the vicinity of Mid-
dletown. On the 28th, a march of 16 miles, took the

6

66 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS.

regiment through Frederick and several small villages
in Maryland, to Walkersville, and on the 29th, it
advanced to Taneytown, where part of the Union forces
were encamped, awaiting the order that should send
them forward to the field on which the issues of the
battle, so near at hand, were to be decided.

As an evidence of the Union feeling that existed in
Maryland, when the regiment passed through it, and
how the hearts of the people warmed to the old flag —
though many regarded them as having strong southern
sympathies — an extract from the memoranda of Mr.
Lewis, will be found of interest :

"Our march since we reached Maryland, has been through a.
beautiful section. Evidences of thrift were on every hand. It was
pleasant to look upon the comfortable homes, the fine orchards
loaded with fruit, and the large fields of waving grain. The people
with whom we conversed, were outspoken in their loyalty to the
Union, and we felt that we were among our friends. The ladies ia
many cities and villages through which we passed, were wild with joy
at the sight of the Union army, and welcomed us with patriotic
songs and waving flags. Our men who visited houses along the line
of march, found plenty of bread, pies, cakes, biscuits, milk, fruit, and
vegatable», which were given to them or purchased at very low
prices. Some of these loyal people did not keep enough for them-
selves to eat. In some of the towns and villages, ladies, with their
servants, stood in front of their houses eagerly passing pure cold
water to our thirsty soldiers."

We have seen other accounts of Maryland, during
the war, giving a far less favorable view of the people's
loyalty there, especially just after the rebellion broke
out. But, in this third year of the conflict, the people
had found time for reflection, and this, it is pleasant to
believe, had led those who had wavered, to abhor seces-

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 6 J

sion and disunion and cling to the old flag, and extend
cordial greetings to the men who were bearing and
defending it. The invasion of Maryland the year before
and the battle of Antietam, had done much to open the
eyes of wavering Marylanders, and to revive love for
the Union, in hearts, where it had begun to languish.
The lesson then learned, was soon to be repeated at
Gettysburg, and with more emphasis, and wider benefits
to the Union cause.

CHAPTER VIII.

ON THE FIELD OF GETTYSBURG BATTLE OF THE FIRST DAY, JULY 1ST

— UNION FORCES WITHDRAW TO CEMETERY HILL SECOND DAYS BATTLE

ATTACK ON sickles' CORPS THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH IN

THE HOTTEST OF THE CONFLICT — ITS GALLANT DEFENSE AND RECORD —
ITS HEAVY LOSSES IN KILLED AND WbUNDED — SAD SCENES ON THE

BATTLE-FIELD — PICKETt's CHARGE AND REPULSE ON THE THIRD DAY

RETREAT OF LEE IMPORTANCE OF THE UNION VICTORY.

The opposing armies which had been gathering around
Gettysburg, were, on the 50th of June, near to each
other and gradually drawing nearer, so that a speedy
colHsion could not long be avoided. That collision took
place at 9 a. m., of July ist. Heth's division of Hill's
Corps, advancing from the west on the Chambersburg
road, struck the cavalry division under Buford, which
had been thrown forward and was holding the ridges to
the west of Gettysburg. Buford was determined to pre-
vent, if possible, the Confederates from entering the
town, knowing that if he could maintain his ground, he
would soon have the support of the First Corps, then
hastening forward to join him.

In spite of all that skill, gallantry and the most stub-
born resistance could do, Buford was forced back slowly
before overwhelming numbers, till at length, one division
of the First Corps, with General Reynolds himself,
appeared upon the field and at once joined in the struggle
to repel the advancing host. The remainder of the
First Corps, reached the field about 1 1 a. m., but before

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 69

it arrived, some of the fiercest fighting of this opening
day had taken place. The most of the fighting during
this day, was on the ridges on each side of Willoughby
Run, a small stream a few rods west of Seminary Ridge,
along which the Confederate line of battle stretched on
the second and third days of July. A piece of woods
between Willoughby Run and Seminary Ridge,
possessed such advantages, that both sides were eager
to seize and hold it, and the fight for the mastery of this
coveted shelter, was furious and prolonged. It was at
the eastern entrance to this woods, that General Rey-
nolds, the pride of the army, one of the brightest names
on the roll of the nation's leaders and heroes, fell dead
from the bullet of a sharpshooter. A monument now
marks the spot where his noble life ended.

Energetic and stubborn, as the resistance was to the
rebel advance, it was not sufficient to prevent the num-
bers that came pouring on from the west, from gaining
ground. The Eleventh Corps, under Howard, came up
about one o'clock, to the support of the First, and formed
line along Seminary Ridge, on the right of Doubleday,
then in command of the First Corps. But now Ewell's
troops were advancing from the north, and Howard was
obliged to face his line in that direction to meet their
attack, and was unable to render much aid to the First
Corps, in their desperate struggle against Hill. With-
out describing in detail the movements of the several
bodies now engaged, it must suffice to say that the
Eleventh Corps, was no more able to hold its position
against the mighty odds brought against it than the First
Corps had been. Both corps, in short, were gradually
forced back, before overpowering numbers. The First

70 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Corps, having held its ground much longer than pru-
dence dictated, only retreated, when to remain longer,
must have resulted in its capture or utter destruction.
As it was, the losses in it were appalling. " Half of its
numbers," as its heroic commander, Doubleday, reported,
" lay dead and wounded on the field, and hardly a field
officer had escaped." Among the regiments sharing this
loss and which for hours had, in the front line, withstood
these furious attacks of the foe, was the Twentieth N.
Y. S. M., a monument to whose dead soldiers stands on
the spot, consecrated by their valor and sacrifices.

The falling back of the First Corps, which had, from
morning till late in the afternoon, borne the main brunt
of the attack, was not in disorder, much less in panic.
Broken and defeated, it was not dismayed, and slowly,
firmly, contesting every foot of the ground as it retired,
its wearied ranks reached at last. Cemetery Hill, and
were freed for a time, from further pursuit. This hill,
or Ridge, as it is commonly called, since famous, had
been designated before the battle, by General Reynolds,
as a suitable position upon which his force could rally if
driven back. The hill was not only well adapted for
this exigency, but for the line of battle which was
stretched along its top during the memorable days of
July second and third. One division of the Eleventh
Corps, under Steinwehr, had occupied it as a reserve,
while the other two divisions had gone forward to engage
in the battle then pending. And now as the bloody day
was closing, the soldiers of both corps were collected on
these formidable heights, Wadsworth's division, of the
First Corps, occupying Culps Hill. The men rested on
their arms in readiness for an attack, should one be

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 7 '

made, and knowing well that the battle, suspended for
a time, would certainly be renewed on the following
day.

It was now decided by General Meade, to concen-
trate his army on Cemetery Ridge, and to await battle
on this strong position. The several corps accordingly
soon began to arrive, the Third and the Twelfth the
same evening, the others coming up the next day, the
Sixth, under Sedgwick, after a march of thirty-four
miles, not reaching the field till late in the afternoon.
From Gulp's Hill, to Little Round Top, a distance of
two miles, the Union lines extended, and were prepared,
at all points, to meet the enemy's advance. In this
advantageous position, they awaited the movements of
Lee's army, which, stretched along Seminary Ridge, a
mile to the west, might at any moment, receive and obey
the order to attack.

The attack did not really begin till about half-past
three in the afternoon, and then it was provoked by
Sickles' Corps, which had taken an advanced position
three quarters of a mile beyond the main Union line on
Cemetery Ridge. This corps, indeed, bore the brunt
of the opening attack by Longstreet's troops, who
swarmed out of the woods and over the ridges in front
of the corps, and rushed into the conflict with the utmost
impetuosity. Sickles' Corps, served as a breakwater to
the mighty oncoming flood of the enemy, and but for
the gallant work they did in checking the assault and
weakening its force, it might have gone hard. Sickles
claims, and others agree, with the Union army that day.
Be this as it may, the blow fell with tremendous force
upon Sickles' soldiers, who, after doing all that men

7 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

could to resist it, were forced in the end, to yield ground
which was no longer tenable. The One Hundred and
Twentieth Regiment, as a part of this corps, bore its full
share of the burden, suffering and loss which rested
upon all, and its sharp experience in this fierce and san-
guinary conflict, now demands particular notice.

The regiment left Taneytown, on the 30th of June,
and on July ist, reached Emmettsburg, from which it
advanced 10 miles to Gettysburg, arriving on the battle-
field at 2 A. M. of July 2d. It came upon the field
between the Union and rebel lines, and for a long dis-
tance through the valley and upon the hills, could trace
the two lines by the light of their fires. The battle of
the day before had been fought, and the marshaling of
the Union lines during the night and on the morning of
this day, indicated that a deadly grapple of the giants was
near at hand. The regiment moved with its corps to the
place assigned to it in the line on the Ridge. The
position of the corps, was on the left of the Union line,
next to Hancock's Second Corps, and with Little Round
Top in its rear, to the left. Sickles left this position not
regarding it as suitable, and with the tacit assent of
General Meade, advanced, as has been noticed, to one
he judged more favorable. In the new position chosen,
the centre of his corps was at the famous Peach Orchard,
distant, about a mile from Little Round Top ; his right
wing, under Humphrey, extended along the Emmets-
burg road, and his left, under Birney, making a right
angle at the Peach Orchard, with the other part of the
line. This left the two sides of the angle exposed to an
enfilading fire from batteries stationed in front of the
apex of the angle, and when so situated, a sufficient

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS. 7 3

force assails both sides of the angle at once, as the troops
of Barksdale and Kershaw did in this case, it is hardly
possible for the defenders to maintain their ground suc-
cessfully.*

The One Hundred and Twentieth was in Birney's
division on the left, and on the heads of his stanch
battalions, the storm of the opening battle burst in all
its fury, I am not describing the battle in detail.f but
simply giving an outline, so that the general features of
it may be made apparent, with the view of having the
service and record of the One Hundred and Twentieth
better understood. And as the sharp experience of
that regiment is given, in the diary hitherto quoted
from, by one who passed through the raging fires of the
conflict, we will listen to the story, as he tells it, in a
terse and straightforward way :

"Almost from the first of our advance, we had been under fire
from the enemy's batteries, stationed just in the rear of their front
line of battle. Some of our artillery was stationed on the brow of
the hill, just in front of us, and sent an occasional reply to the fire
from the enemy's guns.

' ' At about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, the enemy's batteries, on
Seminary Ridge, opened on us a terrific fire, and our artillery, after
passing to our front, replied. Soon their long line of infantry were
seen advancing toward us under a rapid fire from our batteries.
When the advance had got within rifle range of the artillery on the
brow of the slope in front of us, so many of the gunners were killed
or wounded, and so many of the horses had been shot, it was with
the greatest difiSculty that all of the pieces were drawn to the rear. J

* General Doubleday's History of Gettysburg Battle.

t See General Sharpe's minute account of the second day's battle in the twentieth
chapter of this volume.

X While the Union batteries were falling back, Bigelow's battery was directed to
hold its position at all hazards, till another line of artillery could be formed beyond
Plum Run. The order was obeyed, the end was accomplished, but the battery

74 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Sij the time they were safely behind us, the enemy were within range
of our fire. The regiment being now alone in the reserve, the men
were lying down with orders not to rise till they received the word of
command. The enemy's advance line having reached the base of the
slope behind which we were lying, and moving forward rapidly, the
order came and the whole line rose as a man and poured into their
ranks such a terrible fire of musketry, as to bring them to a standstill
when within a few rods of us. Then for -an hour or more, the dread-
ful crash of battle resounded ; the rattle of musketry, the bursting of
shells, the roar of cannons, mingled with the cries of the wounded,
and with the cheers and yells of the determined foemen. All at once,
our line was swept by an enfilading fire, under which no troops
could remain and live, and it became necessary to fall back without
the range of the deadly hail. We were losing very heavily in our
regiment, but fell back in good order, contesting stubbornly every
inch of the ground. Soon other troops — from the Second and Fifth
corps — -came forward protecting our flanks, and enabling our whole
line to advance. The enemy were driven back before us, until we
had retaken nearly all the ground we had, just lost.

'•Nearly all the men lost by our regiment during the battle of three
days, were lost on this day. Out of 440 present for duty when the
battle commenced, 203 were numbered among the killed and wounded,
at its close. General Sickles, our corps commander, was wounded
by a minie-ball and carried from the field, David W. Hommel, a
member of our regiment, with others, assisting in this service.*
Lieutenant-Colonel C. D. Westbrook, in command of the regiment,
fell, severely wounded, and was carried to the rear by Alonzo Lewis
and John Myers, of company I, and Charles Yates, of company H,
just in time to save him from falling into the hands of the enemy.
Yates, while aiding in lifting the Colonel from the ground, was

was well-nigh annihilated. Of the four battery officers, one was killed, another
mortally wounded, and Captain Bigelow himself wounded severely. Two sergeants
were killed, and four wounded out of seven, the killed and wounded privates being
in like proportion, while of the horses, eighty out of eighty-eight were killed or
disabled. The battery sacrificed itself to the safety of the line, making an immortal
record, a monument in honor of which appears at Gettysburg, on the spot where
the battery was posted.

* General Sickles was wounded, near the Trostle House, about sue o'clock,
losing a leg as the eflect of his wound.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 7^

severely wounded in three places, requiring himself, the help he was
offering to his commander. While we were lying down, before the
infantry engagement, Captain Lockwood, of company A had just
warned Lieutenant Ketcham, not to expose himself more than was
necessary, the latter replying, ' ' a dead man is better than a living
coward," when, just as the words passed his lips, he was instantly
killed. Captain L. Hollister, of company D, had his haversack
vaken from his side by a solid shot. A second shot came along and
killed him while he was talking to some friends about the first.
Captain Barker, of company K, Lieutenant Burhans, of company I,
Lieutenant Freileweh, of company E, Lieutenant Carle, of company
G, and Lieutenant Creighton, of company H, were also among the
killed. Captain Overbagh, Adjutant E. M. C. Russell, Lieutenants
E. S. Turner, Gray, Wilkinson, Pettit, Cockburn, Austin and Everett,
were wounded. Of these. Lieutenants Gray and Turner, each lost an
arm, while Lieutenant Cockburn, a young man of noble qualities and
excellent promise, soon after died of his wounds.

' ' After the fighting had ceased for the day, some of the men visi-
ted the corps hospital, which had been established about half a mile
to the rear, in search of wounded comrades. They found a house
and yard filled with wounded, and in a grove near by, the ground
was literally covered with them, while stretcher-bearers were con-
tinually arriving with their loads. Surgeons were passing to and fro
among them, or standing about the amputating tables. Some were
appealing for help and many were calling for water, and others lay
suffering and dying without uttering a groan or word of complaint.

" The night was calm and beautiful. The full moon rose early
in the evening. Several of the regiment visited that part of the field
over which we had fought twice during the day, to search among
the dead and wounded for missing comrades. They went from one
to the other, turning their faces up to the light of the moon, to see if
they could recognize them. Strewn all over the field, and lying side
by side, were the blue and gray. The wounded were calling for
water, or pileading to be helped from the field. The doctors were
passing from one to another, giving temporary relief, while stretcher-
bearers and ambulances, were bearing them to the hospitals as fast as
possible. Our position was on the left of our line of battle, and sleep
during the night, could not be obtained, on account of the artillery
firing and volleys of musketry in different places along the lines. ''

76 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

This account will give the reader who knows nothing
of a battle-field, except from report, a distinct idea of the
perils, sufferings and horrors which are inseperable from
a sanguinary conflict like the one described. Only a
small part of the picture Is here disclosed to view, but
the whole canvass was filled with scenes, equally sombre
and harrowing, as the night ended the struggle on that
hard-fought field. The soldiers of the Third Corps, had
done their duty manfully, holding their ground against
superior numbers, to the last extremity, and falling back
to Cemetery Hill, only when successful resistance to the
outflanking hosts of the enemy, was no longer possible.
As it was, the desperate struggle at this point in the long
line, was for a time ended, and the battle remained still
undecided. Another day of conflict remained, and on
the issue of that coming day, the fate of the struggling
antagonists depended.

The battle of July 3d, was, as everybody knows, " short,
sharp, and decisive." It consisted mainly in Pickett's
celebrated charge against the Union centre, where the
Second Corps, under Hancock, was posted, and its
overwhelming repulse by the Union forces. The charge
was preceded by the tremendous roar of a hundred
cannons from Seminary Ridge, and the thundering reply
from nearly an equal number on the Union side. When
these mighty earth-shaking voices had subsided, after
an hour or two, the infantry, under Pickett, moved for-
ward to their deadly and desperate work. It was a work
hardly more hopeful of successful result than Burnside's
assault against the rocky defences of Marye's Heights.
One wonders how so astute a leader as Lee could commit
what every one sees to have been a blunder, and which,

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 7 7

had he heeded Longstreet's advice, to move around the
U nion left, and assail it in flank and rear, would never
have occurred. Pickett's devoted division, with gallantry
worthy of a better cause, could only dash itself to pieces
against the rocks of the Union battalions, which stood
in grim array before it, and in a short time nothing
remained of it but shattered fragments, which the refluent
tide bore back to the point whence the body had set
forth a little while before, unbroken and buoyant. This
dreadful repulse ended the battle, and with it ended all
northern invasions, and indeed, all hopes, in reasonable
minds, of success to the rebel cause. At Gettysburg, a
death blow was dealt to the rebellion, and none knew
this better than the Confederate leaders.* The struggle
might go on for some time to come, with an army not
destroyed ajid able to effect its retreat into Virginia.
But the struggle was henceforth to be for preservation
alone, with no resources in prospect to make good
present losses or ward off the collapse that was drawing
slowly, but inevitably nearer. Thus the Gettysburg
battle was the turning point in the mighty conflict, and
the victors on that immortal field might cheer themselves
with the assurance that the triumph now won was the
pledge of the total triumph at no distant day, of the
cause for which so many lives had been sacrificed, and
such unimaginable suffering inflicted upon the households
of the land.

* Longstreet, in his account of the battle, in the Century of Febru-
ary, 1887, says : " For myself, I felt that our last hope was gone,
and that it was now only a question of time with us."

CHAPTER IX.

BETWEEN GETTYSBURG AND THE RAPIDAN — GENERAL GRANT IN COMMAND

OF THE UNION ARMIES — PREPARING FOR A SOUTHERN CAMPAIGN

MOVEMENTS OF THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH AFTER GETTYS-
BURG — LIEUTENANT-COLONEL TAPPEN IN COMMAND OF THE REGIMENT
INCIDENTS IN CAMP A MILITARY EXECUTION SODIERS' RECREA-
TIONS AFFAIRS AT JAMES CITY — MEMBERS OF THE REGIMENT CAP-
TURED.

The victory at Gettysburg, with the utter failure of
Lee's designs upon the North, did not result in the dis-
persion, capture and ruin of the rebel army. Such
decisive overthrow, many have insisted, ought to have
been effected, and would have been, with the proper
promptness and energy in following up at once the
grand triumph which the Union army had achieved.
Some of the principal commanders in the beaten army,
notably General Longstreet, expected an instant and
unrelaxing pursuit, and have expressed, since the war,
their surprise than an immediate advance against their
demoralized ranks was not ordered. The prudent Union
commander, however, was unwilling to take any risks,
and preferred, as the part of discretion, to cling to his
commanding Ridge, without molesting the enemy in his
preparations for retreat. He regarded the army opposed
to him, as too formidable still to be assailed with success,
and that his own army, depleted by the heavy losses of
the three days' battle, might, if attacking, be repulsed in
turn, which would counteract the solid advantages now
obtained.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 79

Perhaps his course was a wise one, though there are
commanders that could be named, who, if in the same
position, would have pursued a more energetic course.
As it was, Lee, with his army, was suffered, to win his
way back toward the Potomac without serious interrup-
tion from his advei-sary, and on the morning of the i5th,
twelve days after the great battle, his army stood once
more on Virginia soil, where, with such recruited num-
bers and strength as it might gain, it was enabled to
prolong the struggle for nearly two years.

The whole interval between the Gettysburg battle
and the spring of 1864, when the army, under General
Grant, began its march southward, was given to prepa-
ration for the great work that lay before it. On the 9th
of March, 1864, Grant received his commission as Lieu-
tenant-General — a grade which Congress had a short
time before revived — and the command of all the Union
armies passed under his control. He was selected as
the man pre-eminently fitted for the position, his con-
nection with the capture of Fort Donelson, Nashville,
Vicksburg, and with other brilliant successes, led the
government and people to believe, that the Army of
the Potomac, had found at last, the man who should
lead it to victory.

That gallant army, so often unfortunate in its com-
manders, longed for, and richly deserved, to have the
leader capable of directing its fiery energies aright, and
making the blows they were ever ready to strike, tell
with decisive effect upon the enemy. Such a leader, it
was believed, had now been given to them, and the spirit
and enthusiasm of the troops rose in proportion. They
knew what a bitter contest was opening before them,

80 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

and what the expectations of the country were, and they
stood ready for the toil and sacrifice demanded by the
one, in order to fulfill the other, in the utter overthrow
and stamping out of the rebellion.

General Grant visited the Army of the Potomac, on
March loth, the day after his appointment to command.
He made his headquarters with Meade at Brandy Sta-
tion, some 70 miles from Washington. A re-organiza-
tion of the army, recommended by General Meade —
who retained his command under Grant — was effected,
by means of which, three army corps were formed in
place of the six corps which had operated at Gettysburg.
These consolidated corps, were the Second, Fifth and
Sixth. The Second Corps was composed of two divis-
ions of the old Second Corps and two divisions of the old
Third Corps — the command being assigned to Gen-
eral Hancock. The Fifth Corps, was commanded
by General Warren ; the Sixth by General Sedgwick.
By this arrangement, the One Hundred and Twentieth
Regiment, became connected with the Second Corps,
under Hancock. The division it belonged to, was the
Fourth, commanded by Brigadier General Mott, its
brigade being the Second, whose commanding officer
was Colonel W. R. Brewster. The number of regi-
ments to a brigade, was increaed by the new organiza-
tion, there being nine in the First brigade and eight in
the Second. The re- organization being completed, the
Army of the Potomac was ready to enter on the open-
ing campaign.

It was a grand and powerful army, its total number of
officers and enlisted men, of all arms and branches of
the service, present and equipped for duty, on the 30th

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 8 I

of April, 1864, being 99,438,* or, in round numbers,
100,000 men. The Army of Northern Virginia, which
they were going forth to oppose and vanquish, if it
might be, had hardly two-thirds of this number, as its
aggregate of officers and enlisted men. But the Con-
federate troops were on their own soil and familiar with
the country through whose fields and forests the course
of the coming conflicts lay — and these were advantages
that fully compensated for any shortcoming in the mat-
ter of numbers. The Union army was sure at least, to
encounter " foemen worthy of their steel." And when
the Rapidan should be crossed and " the wilderness "
fairly entered on, our soldiers knew perfectly that the
utmost energies of an enemy, whose prowess had often
been tried, would be put forth to withstand their advance,
and if possible, drive them back, baffled at all points.

Leaving the army for a time encamped along the
banks of the Rapidan, we turn back to trace the history
of the regiment with whose fortunes this narrative is
principally concerned. It has been seen with what self-
sacrificing bravery the One Hundred and Twentieth
performed its part in the Gettysburg battle, and at what
great personal cost, it attested its fidelity and devotion
to duty. Colonel Westbrook, having been disabled by
his wound, the command of the regiment devolved on
Major J. Rudolph Tappen, Captain A. L. Lockwood,
becoming Lieutenant-Colonel. During the remainder
of the summer, after the opening days of July, nothing of
sufficient moment occurred in the experience of the regi-
ment to require special comment. Though relieved

* Humphrey's " Virginia Campaign, of '64 and '65."

82 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

from the urgencies of the battle-field, the season of
respite was not marked by inaction, for a great amount
of marching, from point to point, was done during July
and August, while drills and reviews, guard and picket
duty, made the days, as they went by, anything but idle
or leisure days. The face of the army was turned
toward the south once more, where the field of its future
operations lay, and was moving slowly to the line it pro-
posed to take up, between the Rappahannock and Rapi-
dan rivers, till ready for a general advance. The
regiment in its journeyings, visited localities and battle-
fields which the rebellion has made historic — Manassas
Junction, Bristoe Station, Harper's Ferry, Bull Run,
Sharpsburg and Antietam, being of the number. The
ranks of the regiment had grown greatly depleted
through the losses of the Gettysburg campaign, and its
one crying need now, was a fresh supply of men. This
need, indeed, it shared with nearly all the army.
Accordingly, efforts were at once put forth to supply
this demand. A detail of officers and men was sent
North to obtain what was so urgently required. The
several rendezvous of drafted men were resorted to, to
secure the necessary supply, it being found that volun-
tary enlistments were insufficient, and then the process
of filling up the regiments went on with more or less
rapidity. To what extent the thinning out in the regi-
ment had gone and its consequent need to be recruited,
will appear from this statement in the diary before
referred to :

"Our ranks had already been thinned by battle and sickness.
Several companies that left Kingston with nearly one hundred men.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 83

This was about three months after Gettysburg. And
though this was far from being the whole number then
composing the regiment, many being absent from parade
on detached duty or in hospital or for other sufificient
cause, it yet shows how reduced the numbers actually were ,
and what absolute necessity there was for bringing in
men to fill the gaps. Fortunately, we had the state of
New York, and in fact, the North itself, to draw upon,
and its resources were still large and not likely soon to
be exhausted.

Army discipline must be maintained, as without it, no
body of troops in the field can be held together or made
to render efficient service. To secure this, punishment
for the violation of military rules must sometimes be
severe, and to appearance, even harsh and cruel. The
punishment of death, for desertion, may seem dispropor-
tioned to the offence, but there are circumstances under
which such punishment may be warranted and even
demanded. The court-martial that tries the culprits, is
the judge of these, and from its decision, at times, no
appeal avails. A decision of this kind, had adjudged
five deserters from the Fifth Corps, to be shot on the
30th of August, about half a mile from Beverly Ford,
where the One Hundred and Twentieth was then
encamped. The diary from which we take the incident
gives the following animated account :

"About 10,000 men witnessed the solemn scene. Five graves
were dug in line and five coffins were placed beside them. The
whole corps was drawn up in solid column, on a rise of ground,
enabling all to have a good view. The five men were neatly dressed
in white shirts and blue pants. The band played solemn music for
about an hour, while the assembled crowd appeared deeply impressed

84 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

with the sadness of the occasion. The men, who were fine looking,
were led to their graves where each was seated on the end of his
coffin with hands fastened behind his back. Sixty soldiers, with
loaded muskets, were drawn up in line in front of them. One of the
unfortunate men was so overcome that he had to be assisted to his
place. The right and left men met and kissed each other and were
again placed upon t^eir coffins. After the chaplain had spoken a
few words, the order came to fire, when sixty muskets flashed, and
the men lay dead upon their coffins."

A Story of this kind moves our sympathies deeply,
and we think of the stricken hearts of the kindred of
these unfortunate men who sent them forth with their
benedictions and prayers to battle in their country's
defense, little anticipating such a catastrophe as this, com
pared with which death on the battle-field, would have
been to them, a boon and blessing. It is pleasant to
know, that very few, indeed, of the multitudes that went
forth from northern homes to join in defending the flag,
were brought to their death in a way so dreadful and
ignominious.

In contrast to this, the soldiers in camp had seasons
of relaxation and amusement, which they enjoyed heart-
ily. The monotony of camp life was relieved at times
by such aesthetic sports as climbing a greased pole,
catching a pig by the caudal end, greased also, leaping
over bars or hurdles, tossing small "contrabands," as
General Butler termed them, in blankets, alternatino-
with an occasional foot race or horse race. Apropos of
the latter, one of the surgeons offered a small wager that
he could run his horse a hundred yards, turn round a
post and get back to the starting point sooner than a
man on foot could perform the same distance. One of
the captains accepted the wager ; the parties set out on

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 85

the race ; the doctor reached the post first, but the time
taken in slowing his horse and turning around the post,
brought the captain half way back on the home stretch
and he reached the goal before he was overtaken and
won the race amid the acclamations of the delighted
spectators. This is one of the more pleasing aspects of
the soldier's life, and we like to see him get all the
innocent amusement he can, for his service in the field,
is at best, one of hardship and discomfort. But I must
hasten to notice a mishap, which about this time, befell
a part of the regiment, and which had very serious con-
sequences for those on whom the misfortune fell. This
was the capture by the enemy of no fewer than 1 1 3 men
and two officers, with the almost certain result of their
being shut up in Southern prisons, the very name of
which struck horror to the soul of a Northern soldier.
To understand how this disaster occurred, some account
is necessary of the situation and movements of the two
armies.

In the early part of September, Longstreet's Corps,
was detached from Lee's army and sent to join Bragg's
army before Chattanooga. The defeat of Rosecrans at
Chicamauga, on the 20th of September was the result ;
in consequence of which, the Eleventh and Twelfth
corps of the Union army, were sent west, under Hooker,
to strengthen the army of Rosecrans. What remained
of Lee's and Meade's armies, soon began active opera-
tions against each other, the cavalry of each army
playing an important part. The Union cavalry, in three
divisions, under Buford, Kilpatrick and Gregg, by a
series of aggressive movements, had got possession of
the whole country between the Rappahannock and the

86 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Rapidan. The enemy's cavalry, under Stuart, in two
strong divisions, commanded respectively by Generals
Fitz Hugh Lee and Wade Hampton, were on the watch
for opportunities to assail their adversaries to advantage
and regain possession of the ground lost. Meade's
army was concentrated in the neighborhood of Cul-
peper Court House, and Lee was manceuvering his
forces with a view to bring his adversary to an engage-
ment on favorable ground, calculating in this case to
defeat him. Stuart had posted Hampton's division at
Madison Court House, a few miles south of Robertson
river, a small affluent of the Rapidan, while Kilpatrick's
command was north of the stream, and a few miles south
of James City, Several miles north of this place, at
Grififinsburg, a division of the Third Corps, under Gen-
eral Prince was encamped.

The Confederate army, on October 9th, crossed the
Rapidan and advanced by slow marches toward Madison
Court House, being posted on the 10th, so as easily to
outflank the Union right. The cavalry being in the
advance, detachments from Hampton's division, crossed
the Robertson, river on the evening of October 9th,
driving in the Union outposts toward James City.
General Meade regarded this movement only as a feint
to cover the retreat of the Confederate army. Lee's
subsequent movements, however, show that he had no
purpose to retreat, but was aiming to surprise and defeat
the Union army. In carrying out this design, the Con-
federate cavalry took the initiative, and performed an
efficient part. This is well described by the subjoined
paragraph from the Comte de Paris' " History of the
Civil War," which, as embracing the disaster to the One

O.VE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 87

Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, makes it accord with
the aim and course of our narrative :

"At daybreak on the loth, Stuart crossed Robertson's river with
the whole of Hampton's division, his right moving forward against
Custer, who, being ordered not to open the battle, gradually falls
back before it The main body of the division follows the James
City road, which ascends the northern extremity of Thoroughfare
Mountain. Kilpatrick awaits the enemy in this position with his
Second brigade, which Colonel Davis commands, since the death of
Farnsworth. General Prince, who, with a division of the Third
Corps, is encamped between Griffinsburg and James City, sends him
the One Hundred and Twentieth, New York.* But this reinforce-
ment of less than 300 men, is not sufficient to enable Kilpatrick to
cope with the forces of the Confederates. The Union troopers have
dismounted and formed as skirmishers, with the infantry on the slopes
of the hill. While Stuart makes Gordon's brigade, also on foot, con-
front them, he places himself at the head of Young's cavalry, makes
a detour and arrives on their flank at a gallop. The soldiers of the
One Hundred and Twentieth are the first exposed to his blows,
almost all the regiment falls into his hands. The Union cavalry
rapidly retreats to James City, closely pursued by Stuart. Kilpatrick,
to retard the pursuit, brings forward his reserves, and a charge of the
Fifth New York and Fifth Michigan, succeeds in setting free a large
number of prisoners. Despite a new reinforcement brought by
Prince, the Federals are overmatched. Pleasanton orders Kilpatrick
to cover Prince's retreat, by falling back slowly on the Second and
Third Corps, stationed on the west of Culpeper, and orders Custer
to join him at James City."

* The One Hundred and Twentieth Regimsnt was not sent forward in support
of Kilpatrick on the loth of October, as implied in the Comte de Paris' statement.
It moved from James City on the afternoon of the 8th, as appears from this memo-
randum in the diary: "October 8th, marched with division at 4 A. M., twelve
miles, halting at 10 A. M., near James City. At 3:30 p. M., the regiment was
chosen as a cavalry support, and went four miles toward Madison Court House,
halting at a school house one mile from Russell's Ford on Robertson's
River."

It remained here through the 9th and till Stuart's attack on the loth.

88 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Without extending this account, it is enough to say-
that Lee was baffled in his purpose to force an engage-
ment upon the Union army, which, re-crossing the Rap-
pahannock, was in a position to choose its own time for
continuing the conflict.

The result of the foregoing action to the One
Hundred and Twentieth, was, as before noticed, the cap-
ture of 1 15 men, including Surgeons Miller and Hogan.
These two officers were not held in captivity long, but
being paroled, they rejoined their regiment December
1 8th, when it lay in winter quarters at Brandy Station.
For the others, the only fate that stared them in the
face, was the southern prison, with all the indignity,
suffering and woe, which that term implied. It is fitting
before taking leave of this subject, that some account
should be given of the frightful experiences of these
unfortunate men in the places of torture, in which for
weary months they were confined by their unrelenting
captors. An account of this kind has been put forth in
a printed paper, by Wilbur L. Hale, a member of the
regiment, who himself saw and shared all the horrors
he describes. As the story told by him, is a clear,
graphic and striking one, needing no additions to com-
plete the picture, it will be spread out before the reader
in its main particulars in the chapter ensuing. If it
anticipates a little the general course of the narrative, it
will prove at least, no hindrance to the fuller under-
standing of all matters of interest relating to the fortunes
of the regiment.

CHAPTER X.

WILBUR L. hale's narrative of a year's experience in southern

PRISONS — HOW THE MEN WERE MADE PRISONERS — CONVEYED TO RICH-
MOND TREATMENT BY THE WAY — HOW PRISONERS FARED IN LIBBY

PRISON AND BELLE ISLAND — REMOVED TO ANDERSONVILLE AN ACCOUNT

OF THIS HORRIBLE PRISON AND THE SUFFERINGS OF UNION SOLDIERS
CONFINED THEREIN.

The narrative of Mr. Hale, which forms the subject
of the present chapter, treats of his experience and that
of his comrades during a year's confinement in the
Libby, Belle Island and Andersonville prisons. His
account, as written, is contained in two newspaper arti-
cles, each of considerable length, the first being con-
cerned with the Libby and Belle Isle prisons, the last
with Andersonville. Interesting as are the details in
the first article, they cannot be given in full without
curtailing the second article, or extending the present
transcript to an inordinate length. This is the less
necessary, as the account of Andersonville, the most
notorious of the southern prisons, embraces all of priva-
tion and suffering that belonged to the other two.
What was endured at Libby and Belle Isle, was endured
at Andersonville, and in greater degree. The account
of this last, associated as it is in northern minds with
unimaginable horrors, will be given entire. The main
points of interest in the first article will be presented,
so as to give the reader the substance of what the writer
would convey, and preserve the connection between the
several parts of his narrative.

90 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

The circumstances under which the members of the
One Hundred and Twentieth were captured, are set
forth in the following opening paragraphs :

' ' It could hardly be expected of a regiment that was so continually
at the front,, and whose whole term of service was along the danger
line— taking part in all the battles, skirmishes, marchings, and severer
duties of a soldier in which the Army of the Potomac was engaged,
should escape losing more or less of its members, as prisoners of war.
The regiment fought well at Chancellorsville, holding its line until
the line was completely wiped out by the victorious rebels, who turned
our left flank, and, except the good runners, rolled us up into a ball
— ^just the condition for the capture of prisoners, but were not able
to avail themselves of the opportunity, thanks to the brisk shelling they
received.

' ' At Gettysburg, where the fight was so hot that we lost more than
three-fifths of our strength in about three hours, with the lines so
close together that on three occasions, at least, the conflict was a hand-
to-hand fight, the charges ofthe enemy were so quickly and thoroughly
broken that the opportunity for capture of prisoners did not occur.

" It is possible our previous exemption from capture had banished
all thought of that event from our minds, for certain it is the rank and
file saw and appreciated the danger, as, formed in line of battle, on
the loth of October, 1863, near James City, Va., we endeavored to
stop the onward progress of Lee's whole army, imperative orders being
given that our position be held, and though we saw clearly the cavalry
■closing in on both flanks, the regiment held its ground until the order
was reluctantly given to ' fall back. '

" The order was deferred too long, however, and in the disorder
consequent upon it, the rebel cavalry rode through our numbers in all
■directions, with their cries of 'surrender.' Instances of personal
bravery and persistent refusal to surrender were very common and
marked, but we were overwhelmed by numbers, and under the per-
suasive argument of from two to half a dozen loaded carbines, most
of us thought discretion the better, part of valor, and one after another
threw down his arms and gave up the fight.

" On being brought together in the rear of our victorious enemy, it
■was made apparent the regiment had suffered severely in regard to

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 9 1

prisoners, and before our march to the rear, toward Gordonsville, was
commenced, a cpunt showed one hundred and thirteen men, includ-
ing our hospital steward, surgeons Hogan and Miller.

After their capture, the men were taken to Gordons-
ville, under charge of a detail from the Fifth Virginia
cavalry. The march was wearisome and painful, one of
its chief hardships, being a deficiency of food. Their
own rations were exhausted and their captors were no
better furnished, in this respect, than themselves, though
ready to share such provisions as they had, with the
men placed under their charge. It is pleasant to see
soldiers compassionate and kind to enemies in captivity
and misfortune, and rendering as far as in their power,
friendly ofifices to adversaries lately arrayed in arms
against them, but now in need of aid and cheer. Such
a spectacle is presented in this passage of Mr. Hale's
narrative :

"The morning of our capture was to have been the time of our
relief from picket duty, and our rations were exhausted, but few of
the men having enough in their haversacks to last them through the
day. An appeal was made to the guard for breakfast, but the asking
was barren of results. Indeed, our captors were themselves on short
rations, and told us plainly that their hopes and expectations were a
strike on our trains. Our guard were veterans — several of them
having been prisoners themselves, and whether from their own
experience, or the deeper, purer feeling of pity that brave men dare to
feel and show, not a blanket, tent, knapsack or any of our furniture
was taken, and though their own rations consisted of but little beside
parched corn, they offered that freely to those that were without food,
and halted at noon as long as they dared, to give us an opportunity
to roast some corn we plucked from, a field by the wayside. It was
rather hard feed for us, but it was all our captors had themselves, and
I am sure that through all that long and weary march we saw no meat
rations but those in possession of the prisoners.

92 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

" We reached Gordonsville about midnight and were turned over
to the provost-guard at that place. We here found, a§ on several occa-
sions afterward, that the severest, strictest and most cruel guard that
prisoners of war could ever have, were not the brave boys that dared
to meet us in open fight. They fought hard — too hard for us at
times — but with the battle over, were always kind and generous.
Indeed, while in camp or on picket our men often strove to be as
near the enemy as possible. The horrid custom of picket firing had
ceased by the time our regiment reached the front, and no ' Johnnie'
ever appealed to us for bread or ' Yank ' asked for the golden weed,
without being supplied, though I have known our boys to go on half
rations to feed the hungry enemy."

No such spectacle as this was seen, or perhaps was
possible, in the prisons where our soldiers were confined.
In these, the rule was unmitigated severity. The men
on guard were under the eye and control, if they did
not always share the spirit, of a stern, cruel and inex-
orable officer in charge. This made pity or mercy for
prisoners, or care for their comfort, or the alleviation of
their misery, words without meaning. The words were
not found in the prison vocabulary, and all that remained
for the sufferers was an unvarying repetition of woes
that seemed to great for human beings to endure.

Packed into filthy cars, the men were carried from
Gordonsville to Richmond, where their first prison
experience began, as thus related :

" This was the celebrated Libby Prison. It was situated between
Carey street and the canal, and except in the matter of food, we could
have gotten along there very pleasantly. On the following Wednesday,
October 14th, however, we were removed to another building. This
had been occupied as a tobacco warehouse, and except for the fact
that we had a shelter over us and a dry floor to sleep on, was the
worst accommodations we had in the Confederacy. No water, or but
very little, was furnished ; the water closet arrangements were so

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 93

deficient, that portions, at least, of our room were covered with
excrement and filth that reeked and smelled until men grew ill from
the fearful stench, and without knowing where we were to be taken,
men never removed their quarters more cheerfully than did we, when
on November i6th, we were transferred to the Pemberton building,
opposite, or nearly opposite, our original quarters in Libby.

" This building certainly was a wonderful improvement over any
quarters in which we had been confined in Richmond. Water and
other accommodations were good, and to our great joy, we discovered
in cutting through a brick wall that separated us from an adjoining
building a large supply of tobacco stems and a number of sheets ot
tin. The most of us understood at once the value of tobacco, but it
remained for John R. Jones, a member of company I, and a tinker,
to see any particular value, or anything to be desired in the plates ot
tin. He did see it, however, and appropriated it all to his benefit.
He was very kind, however, and made pails for us that held about
three quarts, that he sold as fast as he could make for five dollars
each. Confederate money. The price was wonderfully large — in
appearance. It was only in appearance, however, for with that
money 20 to i for United States greenbacks, the price in our money
— to those that had it, was but 25 cents, which was certainly cheap,
and as Jones put it, could not be afforded only that ' I stole all the
material, and do the work to keep out of mischief '

" While in this building, our regular rations, when they were any-
thing like regular, were one-half pound of corn bread a day, beef
occasionally, rice more frequentFy, though not often, and occasionally
something that those professing to know, called mule or horse, and
that was certainly dark and coarse and tough, was added. What
added to our certainty that it was one or the other was, we were
more likely to get it after a fight at the front.

" The bread served us was of corn, ground cob and all, never
sifted nor salted, but mixed with water and baked. The beans and
rice, the former especially, being wormy, were very bad, and were
prepared for the prisoners in a wretched manner, being boiled or
partly boiled in 40-gallon kettles, that being half full, were filled with
cold water, which was dipped off and served to us as soup. It
certainly was economical, as a kettle half full was, by the addition of
a sufficient quantity of water, made to do duty as soup for a thousand
men.

94 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

These supplies bordering on starvation, were largely-
owing, the writer thinks, to the Confederate Commis-
sariat, and to the enormous price at which provisions
and all necessaries of life were selling at Richmand, their
money value rising higher every month. He quotes
from a Richmond paper the following market report for
December 29th, 1863 :

Flour, $110 to $220 per barrel.
Beans, $28 per bushel.
Wheat, f 20 per bushel.
Apples, $60 to $70 per barrel.
Nails, $110 to $130 per keg.
Corn, $12 per bushel, very scarce.
Peas, $25 per bushel, very scarce.
Whisky, $85 per gallon.
Rum, $80 per gallon.
Brandy, $55 to $58 per gallon.

This, too, when the papers of the city, no doubt taking the cue
from the government, possibly doing it by rebel orders, were filled
with boastings of the strength of the Confederacy and their ability to
continue the war indefinitely.

A supply of rations from the North for the Union
prisoners arrived in Richmond about the middle of
November. They were distributed among the proper
recipients, and for the six weeks that the provisions
lasted, they ministered greatly to the comfort and refresh-
ment of the men whose bodily vigor was giving way
under scanty and unwholesome diet. Amid all their
privations, they did not lose sight of their religious
obligations, nor the need of Heavenly succor in their
trials, nor the soothing and strengthening influence of
the meeting for praise and prayer, and this is told in the
following words :

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 9 5

" So the days passed on. They were frightfully long, and every
means conceivable were brought into requisition to employ our minds
and bodies. Immediately on our confinement some of ihe One Hun-
dred and Twentieth, that were accustomed to hold prayer meetings
in the regiment, re-opened them. The first attendance was but a
half dozen, but the interest grew until hundreds attended nightly. It
was a strange thought and a stranger sight, that in that building, amid
the jest and scoff of some of our comrades, and often of all the dis-
turbance the guard could raise, that men would thus meet for prayer
and praise. That it was good, the writer knows full well, for amid
our surroundings many whose thoughts for possibly the first time since
they left home, were led in that direction, came to the Great burden
bearer, and afterward in their lives showed the change, and many of
them died strong in the new found hope and precious peace."

On January 21st, 1864, their then place of confine-
ment was vacated and the prisoners transferred to Belle
Isle. How the men were tempted to forswear their
allegiance, and find freedom, employment and good sup-
port by joining the Confederacy, and how the overture
was rejected, the following paragraph will show :

" Here again rebel oflBcers came with offers of quarters, food and
clothing to those who would take the oath of allegiance and accept
employment in the Tredagar Iron Works, and other places. But
few, very, very few accepted ; still, it was a fearful temptation to
many. The picture was made as complete as words could paint it.
Our government had forsaken us. They would never consent to a
parole for fear the rebels would not observe it, (had I been a rebel I
never would have used that argument, ) and knowing one man on
the defensive was as good as two or more in an aggressive fight, they
— our government — had concluded to let us die. We were openly
told of the opportunities we would have to desert them and escape
North, but no, they stood and swore allegiance to the stars and stripes
while stand they could, and then bravely, calmly, nobly laid down to
die, and die they did rather than stain their souls with treason, and
their lips with such a lie, and among the things longest to be remem-

96 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

bered were the last words of some dying comrade, as feeling the icy
ifingers of death groping for their heart strings they would draw a
comrade's ear down to their fast stiffening lips and whisper, 'tell
father, mother, wife, children and friends, I did not desert.' Those
-deaths were glorious."

The removal to Belle Isle did not add to the comfort
of the imprisoned, as appears from the following
extract :

" Rations were smaller, if possible, on the island than in the city,
and without clothing or tents — and an exceptionally hard winter, and
a necessity for greater exercise to keep warm, men suffered very
much. Many walked the whole night through, and overcome by
fatigue and weakness, some lay down and froze. At any rate they
•died, and were found next morning stiff in death. At one time some
of our guard were accompanied by dogs, but after several had been
■coaxed over the line and killed and eaten, the practice was discon-
tinued. "

This prison life on the Isle, ended March 4th, on
which day they were taken back to Richmond and hopes
of parole were held out to the men languishing for
release from their fearful captivity. These hopes were
destined soon to be destroyed. For entering cars the
next day, the prisoners were carried to Petersburgf,
where some fancied the paroling process might be per-
formed in their favor. Instead of this, they soon learned
to their horror, that their destination was Anderson ville,
toward which the train was now making its way. This
was appalling information to the unfortunate captives,
several of whom in their distress and in the face of all
hazards, flung themselves from the train hoping to
escape, but were shot down by the vigilant guards who
lined the tops of the cars. The train on reaching

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 97

Charlotte, North Carolina, stopped a short time for sup-
plies, and the wearied prisoners were allowed to leave
the cars for sorely needed rest and refreshment. When
the journey was resumed, several of their comrades, too
ill to go farther, were left behind, to find such kindness
as the people of the country might show them. At
length, after eight days' travel, on the 1 2th of March,
they reached the end of their journey, and the grim
palisades of the Andersonville prison rose before them,
within which they were to dwell, how long, no one
could say, and quite likely to find — unless all accounts
were false — a release only through the grave.

The Story of Andersonville.

If there is in all the world, certainly to those who suffered there
as prisoners of war, any single name or word that stands as a synonym
for inhumanity, brutality and suffering, that word is Andersonville.
Wirz might be coupled with it by the people of the North, but to
those who suffered, Andersonville includes all, as without the one
there could never have been the other.

Andersonville is a small village, credited by the census of 1880
with a population of 308, in Sumter County, on the line of the Cen-
tral Railroad, about 75 miles southwest of Macon, and about 50
miles from the Alabama line. It was so far in the interior as to be
out of reach of any raiding parties of Union men, though we did
think sometimes that a small, well mounted and well armed force of
cavalry might have reached us from the south. They never came, how-
ever. It is possible they never could have reached us, or, having
reached us, and encumbered with such a load as we would have
made, could never have escaped the force that would certainly have
been sent after them.

In many respects the place might have been made a great improve-
ment over Richmond and Belle Isle. The place selected for us was
on the bank of a considerable stream, and heavily wooded.

7

98 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

These advantages, however, were all nullified by the rebels, who
cut down every tree on the ground to build a stockade. This was
done by cutting the trees into lengths of about twenty-five feet, hewing
two sides to make a close fit, and standing them closely together in a
trench about five feet deep. This made a tight fence of about twenty
feet in height around an enclosure of from eight to ten acres. There
were two entrances on the north side of the prison, one on each side
of a stream that ran through it, dividing it nearly in halves, with the
larger half on the east side of the stream. The gates were massive
enough, in appearance to us at least, to have withstood a battery of
six-pounders, and as we neared them a comrade said : "Whoever
enters here leaves hope behind. " I told him we had lived in Rich-
mond five months without hope, except in God, and this could be
no worse.

During the greater portion of the time in Richmond, I had acted
as sergeant of the floor, the duty being to distribute rations as they
were issued to us, receiving therefor an extra ration a day, when there
was any issued. The same good fortune followed me in Anderson-
ville, where I was chosen as sergeant of a squad of three hundred,
with the same pay.

It seemed as we walked into the stockade that it was an improve-
ment on Belle Island. In addition to poor rations there we suffered
from neglect, prisoners being turned out of buildings in the city in
the midst of winter with insufficient clothing, and without tents to
shelter them from the wind and cold of the dreary desert of that place.

Andersonville was warmer. It was also new, the ground being
not yet filled with the filth and death of the Island. As summer
heat came on, however, we wished ourselves north again. No pro-
tection of any kind was provided from the sun. Men grew sick and
died from contact with the almost torrid glare. At first we crouched
along the stockade as a means of protection, but that was stopped by
a line erected a rod inside the stockade, to pass beyond which was
sure and certain death. At first we were well supplied with pure
water for drinking purposes and to cook our scanty dole of corn or
rice and beans, but later on a cook-house was established on the up
stream side of the stockade, and next above that a camp was estab-
lished for our guard. The establishment of cook-house and bakery
was a benefit, as wood was decidedly scarce, as were also cooking
utensils, but while the building subserved that interest for us the filth

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 99

from the cook-house and the sinks of the guard above us, added to
that of the horses of the cavalry and battery, that all floated down
the stream, made it so foul it could no longer be used for drinking
purposes or bathing. Providence was kinder to us then than were
our captors or Wirz, for during a heavy shower about that time a new
and living spring of clear water burst forth from the hillside in the
stockade, that continued to run during all the time of our confine-
ment there, and, I am assured by a friend who visited the place a few
years ago, that though the timbers had fallen away in many places,
that spring, with its pure and limpid water, continued to flow.

As the stockade filled up, however, other sources of supply were
found necessary, and as wells were dug — some of them being dry,
the idea of a tunnel out of our prison was suggested. Many of them
were dug. The men would get as near the stockade as possible,
taking care to shield themselves from the eye of the guard, who,
placed on a runway two or three feet below the top and outside the
stockade, kept their eyes upon us, and between their cry of "Post
number one," two, or twenty, as the case might be, "all is well,"
would carry out their haversacks full of sand and dump it in the
swift-flowing run or stream below us. In this way the shafts were
sunk twenty feet deep or more, when taking a course parallel with the
surface the tunnel would be run one, two or three hundred feet
beyond the stockade. Unfortunately much of this work was done a
short time before the rain that opened our spring, occurred, and still
more unfortunately one or two of the tunnels, on the south side were
dug so shallow that as the rain made its way into the soil the support
of the piles gave way, and sectiqns of them fell. The full guard was
called out, and the battery with grape and canister was trained on us,
and our courage gave way.

Tunneling was tried later on, but Wirz, had taken the hint, and
by means of spies that were sent in with detachments of prisoners,
our plans in that direction were all discovered and foiled. One of
the spies came to grief, however, for being himself discovered, he
was pressed so hard he ran beyond the dead line, and was instantly
killed by a bullet from the guard.

Heie, as in Richmond, rebel agents, ministers, or professed
ministers, included, were sent or came into the prison to persuade
men to take the oath of allegiance to the rebel government. Good
pay and work was promised at places so remote from any probable

lOO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

line of march the Union army might take, we would never be seen or
captured by them. I myself was offered a position as superintendent
of a mill, for I was a miller, and was promised all the colored men
needed to do the laborious part of the work, if I would go out and
grind grain for the guard. I agreed to go if the product of the
mill could go into the stockades and hospital, butthatbeing declined
I refused, though threatened with solitary confinement.

In many respects Andersonville was much worse than either
Libby Prison or Belle Island. To be sure it was not so cold as
farther north, but with no protection from the elements, every change
of the weather resulted in a higher death rate. If hot or cold or wet,
the result was all the same and meant more death for us. There was
never more than 30,000 prisoners there at any one time, tho" first and
last nearly or quite double that number were sent to that horrible
place, and until June ist, the number did notexced 15,000, still
from March ist to October ist, the number of dead men reached the
enormous figure of 36,912. Mark the number. It is more than the
population at any one time, and yet I assert it did not tell the whole
story, for being in a position to know the number of prisoners at
times, and also to know the number of daily dead, I figured out that
a like proportion of deaths would carry off the last man in the stock-
ade in 165 days — ^just five and one-half months. The above number,
36,912, however, is rebel record, and they lied to make their record
seem less heinous.

Indeed, the policy of some of the officers at least was to kill or
permit the prisoners to die. In the early spring I found Richard
Johnston, a member of my company.and an old acquaintance from
the town of my residence, suffering severely from diarrhoea. I
applied to Dr. McVeigh, of Salem, Va., for permission to go outside
and get pine boughs to make a bed and raise him from the ground.
His cool deliberate reply was: "Damn the Yankees, let them
die I Each one that dies is one less without any risk for us to kill
him."

I held the position of master of the gangrene ward, in the prison.
As is known, this is a mortification of the part affected, resulting from
poverty of the blood and system, and under the very best of circum-
stances — where food and anti-scorbutics are plenty and of the best
and most nourishing character, is a very stubborn disease, if such it
may be called, while in such a place as that, where strength and vigor

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. lOI

•was as completely gone as was ours, its appearance was the sure pre-
cursor of speedy death.

Dr. McVeigh used to say it was an excellent place to learn sur-
gery, and would cut and haggle at the limbs of the poor wretches,
though he knew the conditions of their system was such, that in
thirty-six hours at the farthest, gangrene would almost certainly be at
its fearful work, and with their greatly enfeebled strength the patients
were sure candidates for the trench, where in rows of fifty, the dead
were laid.

For a very large proportion of the spring and all summer, the
accommodations at the hospital were wofully deficient in tents and
number of beds, hearing of which and thinking their chances of care
among their own comrades of company or regiment was better than
with entire strangers, many of the sick preferred the stockade and
were not brought out to the hospital, until the very last stages.

On that account and also because all illnesses at Andersonville
seemed to impair the mind and memory of the diseased, a very large
proportion of those received were unable to give their names. Add
to this cause the fact that labels containing name, rank and regiment
were only pinned on the clothing of the dead, and that other fact that
many of the dead were carried naked to burial, and the only wonder
is the list of unknown dead is no larger than it is.

It is shocking to think of men carried naked to their graves. It
was not so at first, for one and another comrade would give this, that
or the other portion of clothing to cover the naked ones, until some
of our own men, detailed to bury the dead, sent surreptitious word
into the hospital that men decently clothed were stripped by the rebels,
and to prevent this as well as protect ourselves, all good clothing was
taken from the dead to cover the living. Indeed, but for that fact, we
would have been an army of nude meij.

It is no wonder that with death staring continually in our face,
the temptation to lawlessness and disorder should not at times at least
be yielded to. It was to an extent, in Richmond, though nothing in
comparison to that at Andersonville, where robbery and murder even
became so frequent that in self defence a prisoner called Big Pete, a
corporal of Company G, Second Massachusetts, H.A., took the casein
hand, and, organizing a police force, made the arrest of one called
Mosby by our men, from being chief raider, and several of his men.
With the consent of Captain Wirz, a jury was impanneled, and a

I02 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

prosecuting attorney appointed from the prisoners, with a rebel law-
yer for defence. The men were fairly tried, six of them found guilty
and hanged. The records of the trial were preserved and brought
to Washington, where the findings of the court were preserved and to
day are on file in the War Department, as part of their records.

This action gave us peace from that quarter, though in no other
manner did it at all affect our interests or add at all to our comfort.
It stopped the raiding of lawless men in our midst, but had no effect
whatever on the continual raid made on our health and strength by
the terrible heat, ruthless hunger, and unnecessary privation.

The talk of exchange or parole broke out again in July or Aug-
ust. It was started from Wirz' headquarters, and had a short run
when, as if to purposely deaden our hopes and fill us with despair
again, a detail of carpenters was called for from the prisoners, and
the work of erecting barracks in the stockade was commenced and
continued until about four buildings of about 20x50 feet had been
erected, when the work was as suddenly stopped. The work was
commenced with the ostensible purpose of contributing to our com-
fort during the coming fall and winter. Our idea was, the rebels were
becoming alarmed at the approach of the Union army through Ten-
nessee and into Georgia, for almost simultaneously with the cessation
of work on the buildings inside the stockade, carpenters and laborers
were withdrawn from the prison and sent north. It took us a long
time to discover their destination, but it was subsequently revealed
that Florence, S. C, was their objective point. That was a small
village in Darlington county, about 75 miles east of Columbia, at the
junction of the North Eastern Railroad, running north from Charles-
ton, distant about 125 miles, and about the same distance west of
Wilmington, N. C.

I never reached that place, but was told what could have been
expected, that being farther from food supplies, the condition of the
prisoners was, if possible, rather worse than Andersonville. The
stockade was not completed when the prisoners reached that point,
and in consequence guard rule was more rigid and severe, and
rations less.

I was in hopes the move meant something better, forme, at least,
though what it was, or the direction from which the hoped-for relief
would come, was altogether an unknown equation until about Sep-
tember 20th, when, tired and weary from a long vigil at the bedside

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I O3

of a member of Company I, my own company, who I thought could
not live through the night, I had lain down under a piece of cotton
cloth, confiscated from the Confederacy, and which I afterward
brought home, my sleep was disturbed by a comrade trying to pull
me out into the moonlight. We were never surprised at anything, in
those days. I quietly opened my eyes and saw Richard L. Tinker,
one of my nurses, who, warning me to make no noise, told me to
come out into the bright moonlight. He then said Wirz had sent
for him in the early evening and told him to notify and enroll all
sailors, preparatory to being sent north to Charleston for parole, and
thinking of a comrade that had succumbed to the cruel t'-eatment of
his captors he had entered me on the roll as Frederick A. James, car-
penter's mate of the gunboat Housatonic, though before he told me
that, he made me swear never to reveal the source from which I had
received the name, in case I could not ' pull through ' on that line.
I, of course, was willing to give any pledge in return for the prospect
of getting away from the city of death, in which I had been confined
since March previous ; and until the dawning of the morning he
kindly sat with me and posted me on points that might be necessary
for me to know.

I was weak in body and enfeebled in mind, but the waiting lasted
through a long and dreary week until September 27th, when Wirz
■directed Tinker to get his men together and report at his headquar-
ters. I was placed in the rear rank so Wirz would not notice me.
He spied me out, however, and threatened to send all soldiers back to
the stockade. He, however, was as anxious to get rid of us as were
we to leave his inhospitable board, and telling us to speak good
words for him, we were all led to the depot, in waiting for a train for
Charleston.

There had been but little confidence placed in Wirz' word, stiU
the excitement was so great among those whose names were enrolled,
we hardly grew hungry or ate, though carefully drawing all the
rations doled out. It was well they were kept, as none were issued
to us when we left or until night when Macon was reached, where one
day's rations and an all night rest was given. The next morning we
started again and reached Augusta, where another rest, but no rations
was given, and early next morning we arrived in Charleston. The
transports with prisoners had not reached the harbor, and the city
was being shelled for fair. A large shell passing over the city drop-

1 04 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

ped on an engine, with steam up and just ready to pull out, that
exploding just at the proper moment and in conjunction with a full
head of steam blew engine, engineer and fireman into a hundred
fragments, and killed, wounded and scalded several in the depot.
The officer in charge of our train was frightened and with or without
orders he directed the engineer of our train to pull out and head for
Richmond.

The next day, September 30, we reached Columbia, S. C. Here
we were given a long rest and two days' rations. We were permitted
to leave the train and wander for a short distance into the city. I
thought it was one of the finest places I ever saw. The place was
old, the streets well cared for, and shade abundant. It looked as
though the scourge of war had visited it very slightly, if at all, and
showed none of the devastation and misery a visit made later, revealed.

With two days' rations we were again started northward, arriving
at Greenboro, N. C, next day, October i. From that point north-
east to Petersburg, the railroad had been torn up by Grant's army,
and we were switched off on a new line toward Danville, Va. The
distance was but 48 miles, but it required a whole day of twenty-four
hours to make the distance — slower railroad time than we had pre-
viously required on a pinch for the same distance on foot, when in
good marching order. It was reached at last, however, and better
time was promised to Richmond. It was better, still we did not
arrive there until the 4th, having traveled since September 30, on two
days' rations, or from September 27, on three.

That we were hungry and faint, goes without the saying. Indeed,
a few, seven, I believe, died on the train from Andersonville, literally
starved to death.

Life in Richmond was hard, though better than on the road, and
for two weeks we lived a life of fear and anxiety. Ross, the infamous
adjutant of General Winder, was still in charge of the prisoners in
and about the city, and he took special pains every day to tell us of
the waning hopes and efforts of Grant's army, and the great victories
daily won by the Confederates, and to those he recognized, and unfor-
tunately I was one, he daily swore that we should be sent south by the
very next train. Our stay there was caused by a hitch in the delivery,
as we undoubtedly should have been delivered to the Federal authori-
ties at Charleston.

Of all men I knew in the South, I think Ross would rather lie

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. Io5

for nothing than tell the truth for good wages. He never admitted
we were intended for parole, and even up to the evening of the day
before we left Libby, he insisted we were to be returned south. On
the 1 8th, however, we were ordered out in the early morning. At
first our direction was toward the depot, but we soon filed off down
another street toward a steamer plying down the river, and were soon
on our way down the James. Colonel Mulford had not been advised
of our coming, and a long delay of hours occurred at Aiken's Land-
ing. Colonel Mulford came at last, however, at breakneck speed,
down to the landing, and hurriedly receipting for us, we were marched
ashore, and our year and ten days of imprisonment was ended.

CHAPTER XI.

THE WILDERNESS ARMY CROSSES THE RAFIDAN CHARACTER OF THE

COUNTRY TRAVERSED — SWINGING ROUND LEE's RIGHT FIERCE ATTACKS

ON THE UNION FLANK — TWO DAYS CONFLICT IN THE WILDERNESS — A

CONFEDERATE GENERAl's ACCOUNT OF THE STRUGGLE DEATHS OF

GENERALS HAYES AND WADSWORTH THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWEN-
TIETH'S SHARE IN THE BATTLE — ITS LOSSES BURNING WOODS PREY

UPON THE WOUNDED.

From the loth of October, on which the capture by
the enemy of the men of the One Hundred and Twen-
tieth took place, till the following Spring, no events of
extraordinary importance occurred in the experience of
the regiment, nor indeed, in the history of the army.
There was considerable movement and manoeuvering
on the part of the two armies, and some engagements
between the opposing cavalry forces, but no severe bat-
tle. An assault on Lee's forces, intrenched in a favora-
ble position behind Mine Run, on the last day of
November, was intended, and indeed, ordered by Gen-
eral Meade. But the Confederate position was so strong
and formidable, that Warren, in command of one wing,
declined to give the order he had received to attack.
When Meade had come over to survey the enemy's
position at Warren's request, he agreed with the latter 's
view, that an attack should not be made, and it was
•abandoned accordingly, much to the relief of the soldiers,
who had stood in line for several hours in readiness to
go forward, with an ordeal like that at Fredricksburg,

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOIS. I07

before them.* A day or two before, however, on the
27th of November, a brisk attack had been made on the
Third division of the Third Corps, which, in the advance,
was moving forward towards the enemy's position. In
this engagement, which lasted but a short time, the One
Hundred and Twentieth took part, losing 1 1 men, three
of the number being killed. The enemy was repulsed ;
the division resumed its march and united with the main
army before Mine Run. The army then fell back
toward the Rapidan, which It crossed December ist,
and on the 2d, reached its old quarters around Brandy
Station. Winter quarters were now estaTalished, and
all active operations ceased for some months to come.
When the spring opened, preparations for the
approaching campaign, whose purpose was a stroke at

* That the Union soldiers in line before the enemy's entrenched
position at Mine Run, waiting the order to attack, had Marye's
Heights before them, with no chance of success, and death likely in
store for the assailants, appears from the following reference to this
proposed attack taken from the Comte de Paris' History of the War :
" Almost all have witnessed Fredericksburgh and Gettysburg; they
know by a double experience that a bloody defeat is reserved to the
one of the two armies which takes the oifensive. It is said that most
of them on the morning of the 30th, took care to pin to their coats
pieces of paper bearing their names. They wished that their names
might be placed over the fresh earth which was to cover them in their
everlasting sleep. No hope of glory was occupying their minds at
that supreme hour, but they were anxious to secure on that distant
soil the modest epitaph which allows the soldier's family to distin-
guish his remains, instead of having to kneel at the grave of the un-
known. It was in this manner it is related, that they silently showed
the conviction, that they were going to be asked for a useless sacri-
fice. If it is only a legend — for legends are sometimes easily made
— it is worth being quoted, for it perfectly describes the. character of
the Army of the Potomac. " — Vol. Ill, p. 810.

1 08 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

the heart of the Confederacy, were pressed forward vig-
orously. By the ist of May, all was in readiness for
the expected advance. Orders were accordingly issued
on the 2d of May, 1864, for the movement of the sev-
eral corps to begin on the 4th of May, preceded by the
cavalry, under Sheridan, which began its march at mid-
night of the 3d, crossing the Rapidan in advance of the
infantry. Five bridges had been thrown over the
stream at Germanna Ford, Culpeper Mine Ford and
Ely's Ford. The Second Corps crossed at Ely's Ford ;
the Fifth and Sixth at Germanna Ford, the former
moving forward to Chancellorsville, and the latter to
Wilderness Tavern. The Fifth Corps reached its des-
ignated halting-place by two o'clock, having marched
twenty miles, the Second Corps having arrived at Chan-
cellorsville at an earlier hour. General Grant regarded
the safe crossing of his army, with its immense trains,
and his first day's march into the Wilderness, as a very
propitious opening of the campaign. " And he might
well feel gratified at the result," remarks General Humph-
reys, " for it was a good day's work, in such a country,
for so large an army, with its artillery and fighting
trains, to march twenty miles, crossing a river on five
bridges of its own building, without a single mishap,
interruption or delay."

The reference to " such a country," means no doubt,
" the Wilderness," through which the route of the army
lay, and in which the first battles in this memorable
campaign were fought. This is one of the names which
the war has made famous, and linked to this " Wilder-
ness," are poignant memories of toils and suffering^, that
words are feeble to express, on the part of those who

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I O9

Struggled through it, encountering foemen at every step.
The tract known by this name, stretches south of the
Rapidan fifteen or twenty miles in extent — is covered
with a dense forest growth of scrub oak, dwarf pines
and other varieties of wood "almost impenetrable by
troops in line of battle, where manoeuvering was an
operation of extreme difficulty and uncertainty. The
undergrowth was so heavy that it was scarely possible
to see more than one hundred paces in any direction.
The movements of the enemy could not be observed
until the lines were almost in collision. Only the roar of
musketry disclosed the position of the combatants to
those who were at any distance, and my knowledge of
what was transpiring on the field, except in my imme-
diate presence, was limited, and was necessarily derived
from the reports of subordinate commanders."*

Into these dreary and tangled thickets Grant flung his
brave battalions, with the view of swinging past the
right of Lee's army, which lay in front of it at no great
distance, watching its enemy's operations and ready to
pounce upon him at the first opportunity. The attempt
of Grant to pass the Confederate army and interpose
between it and Richmond, was sure to be fiercely
resisted. Lee's plan was to strike the flank of the Union
army with his whole force as soon as practicable, after
the former had crossed the Rapidan and entered on its
march southward. From Orange Court House, where
Lee's headquarters were, two roads lead toward Fred-
ericksburg. They run in the direction of the Rapidan,
nearly parallel to each other, the one nearest the river
being the " Old turnpike," the other, the " Plank road," a

* General Hancock.

no ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

short distance south of it. The route of the U nion army
lay directly across these roads along the western bor-
ders of the wilderness. Ewell's Corps began to move
about noon, on May 4th, along the Orange turnpike,
while A. P. Hill, with two divisions, moved along the
Plank road, parallel with Ewell, General Longstret
being directed to bring forward his corps from Gordons-
ville and follow rapidly on the same road. Ewell first
struck the Union column while it was crossing the
Orange turnpike, and the battle of the Wilderness
opened with this attack.

I do not undertake to describe this battle in detail,
but design, as in other cases, to present certain outlines
necessary to connect the work of the One Hundred and
Twentieth Regiment, with the operations of the army of
which it formed a part. The details of this and of other
great battles of the war, are given in the histories
specially devoted to them, and the plan of this narrative,
as well as, the limits assigned to it, precludes full and
extended accounts of battle-fields. I hope to make the
general features of these sanguinary encounters clear to
the reader and aim at doing little beyond this in the
descriptions given.

During the 5th and 6th of May, the battle now begun,
raged with varying success. The difficulties of this war-
fare in the woods, were immensely trying, and at times,
bewildering. Hill's troops, on the Plank road, soon
struck their foes, as Ewell's had done on the Orange
turnpike, and impetuous and fierce as their attack
was, the resistance they met with, was as resolute apd
unyielding. The troops that were crossing the turnpike
when Ewell assaulted them, belonged to Warren's Fifth

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I I I

Corps, and these bore the brunt of the attack. They
were joined later in the day by those of Sedgwick's
Sixth Corps, who together maintained, till night put an
end to the conflict, the ground they held against the
most desperate efforts of the enemy. On the morning
of the next day, the battle was resumed, Longstreet,
having by a night march, come up to the support of
Hill, and putting his veteran troops at once into the hot-
test of the fight. Thus, the whole of Lee's army was
engaged in the struggle to arrest the advance of the
Union army and drive it back bafflled toward the Rapi-
dan. Hancock, also, had joined his corps with those of
Warren and Sedgwick, so that in these two terrible
days of conflict in the Wilderness, the main forces of
both armies were arrayed against each other. The
character of this strange battle and the scenes which it
presented, are well set forth in these words of one of
the Confederate leaders who was present :

" It was a desperate struggle between the infantry of the two armies,
on a field, whose physical aspects were as grim and forbidding as the
struggle itself. It was a battle of brigades and regiments, rather than
that of corps and divisions. Officers could not see the whole length
of their commands, and could only tell whether the troops on their
right and left were driving or being driven, by the sound of the firing.
It was a fight at close quarters too, for as night came on in those
tangled thickets of stunted pine, sweet-gum, scrub oak and cedar, the
approach of the opposing lines could only be discerned by the noise
of their passage through the underbrush, or the flashing of their guns.
The usually silent wilderness had suddenly become alive. The angry
flashing of the musketry and its heavy roar, mingled with the yells of
the combatants as they swayed to and fro in the gloomy thickets,
realized to the full the poetic battle picture of 'Beale' an Duine,'

" As all the fiends from heaven that fell
Had pealed the banner cry of hell."

112 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

' ' Death was busy and reaped more laurels than either Lee or
Grant. General Alexander Hays, of Hancock's Corps, was killed."*

General Hays commanded the Second brigade of
Birney's division, and was an officer of distinguished
gallantry, whose loss was a serious one to the army.
He fell on the first day of the battle. On the second
■day, the 6th, General James S. Wadsworth, received a
mortal wound of which he died within two days. He
commanded a division in the old First Corps, and ren-
dered conspicuous service at Chancellorsville and Get-
tysburg. In the army re -organization, his command
was the Fourth division of the Fifth Corps. He was
one of the most heroic figures of the war, brave as the
bravest, and present where danger most threatened and
the fight was the hottest. His patriotism was devoted,
and in his love for the Union cause, he gladly made all
sacrifices of wealth, ease, social position, and the supreme
one of life itself, his death in the service of his country,
enshrining his name among those who loved her most
and served her best. Among the losses of the battle,
Generals Shaler and Seymour, with a considerable num-
ber of their commands, were captured near the close of
the second day, in an unexpected and successful attack
made upon the right flank of the Sixth Corps. The
whole loss sustained by the Army of the Potomac in
these two days of battle in the Wilderness, amounted,
according to General Humphreys, to 2,265 killed,
io,220 wounded and 2,902 missing. Total, 15,387.
These figures show the severe and fearful character of
this battle, and in the extent of its casualties, rank it

General E. M. Law, in June Ckntwry, 1887.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I I 3

among the most destructive, though not to us, disastrous
battles of the war.

The One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, whose
history in connection with this battle must now be sur-
veyed, bore a direct and honorable part in the severe
conflicts of these two days. The regiment crossed the
Rapidan at early morning on May 4th, and marched
with its brigade to Chancellorsville, encamping for the
night on the old battle-field, where, a year before, the
Union and Confederate hosts had met and struggled for
the mastery. The men had painful reminders of the
havoc wrought by the battle, in seeing the bones of their
fallen comrades scattered over the field, some of them
protruding from the shallow graves in which they had been
hastily interred. They saw a number of weather-beaten
caps lying around, on several of which was inscribed,
" One Hundred and Twentieth N. Y. V.," indicating that
the wearers had belonged to their own regiment and
had probably died near that spot, defending the flag.
These relics showed the kind of welcome given by the
Southern soldiers to their Union visitors the former
year, and reminded the latter that a similar welcome
might be in store for themselves, within a few hours.
However this might be, they were ready for the greet-
ing, and at early dawn on the morning of the 5th, their
march southward was resumed and continued till 3 p. m.
Then they halted along the Brock road, which runs
through the wilderness, and separated by several hun-
dred yards from Hill's force, then engaged, as already
noticed, on the Plank road. Here the regiment threw
up breastworks, which served as partial protection
against sudden assault, or the enemy's missiles, and were

8

114 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

a means of defense constantly resorted to by the troops.
This work was barely finished when the hour arrived
for the regiment to take part in the action in progress.
What that part was, will appear from an extract from
the diary :

" We were ordered to advance over our breastworks and to move
forward through the woods and thick brush, in line of battle. We
went forward in this way, toiling and crashing through the bushes for
perhaps six hundred yards, where we halted near a small stream. An
officer in United States uniform came riding toward us from the front
saying that we were supporting a line of our own troops just ahead,
and that our guns should not be loaded. Thus we were moving for-
ward through the woods without a skirmish line in front, and with
unloaded weapons, when suddenly a murderous fire of musketry was
poured into the ranks by an unseen foe. We at once commenced
loading and firing, some of us taking our position behind the large
trees, a few of which were near, or lying on the grdund, so that many
of the enemy's bullets would pass over our heads. In this position
we could do just as effective work as standing up. Our line soon
seemed to be enveloped in fire and smoke. The air was filled with
minie-balls which were tearing among bushes and trees, riddling
them as they fiew, and striking down men who fell dead or wounded
on every side. There Sergeant James Krom was shot through the
body and fell dead. The bullets soon began to come from our left
Our line was broken, and we"fell back toward our breastworks ; con-
testing the ground ail the way. We rallied, and formed a line behind
the works, and from this position easily checked the enemy's advance.
In this engagement, Lieutenant John J. Lockwood was killed. At.
about dark we were relieved from the front line, and moved back to
our defenses. Our first day's battle under Grant had been fought.

At an early hour next morning we were again placed in the front
line, and during the forenoon advanced over the same ground as
yesterday. The battle had been raging along different portions of
the line at our right, since early morning, the woods resouijding with
the crash of musketry, and the cheers and yells of the Union and Con-
federate forces. The Union dead lay thick on the ground over which
we advanced. Shortly after we crossed the small stream, suddenly

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I I 5

there was a loud crash in our front, and the woods were again filled
with the messengers of death. Captain Krom was among the first to
fall, severely wounded. Our line was soon broken by the terrible
fire, and we again fell back in about the same manner as the day
before, and formed behind the breastworks, and again checked the
enemy's advance. Durmg the two engagements, the regiment lost in
killed, wounded and missing, 6 1 men, about one fifth of the entire
number present on the morning of May 5th. Company I entered the
battle with 18 men, and had but six left for duty, after this engage-
ment."

According to this account, the number of the regi-
ment could not much have exceeded 300 men when it
crossed the Rapidan on its march southward. Though
their ranks had grown thinner, their hearts had become
stouter and their sinews more firmly strung, through
experience of the every day labors exacted of soldiers
in the field. The narrative above given shows the
character of the warfare in which they were now acting
an uncomplaining part, and among perils and hardships
falling" to the soldiers' lot, none could well be greater
than those encountered in the battles in the wilderness.
Among these, not mentioned in the foregoing extract,
though the writer speaks of it in his record, is the firing
of the woods by cannon or musketry during the battle,
and the wounded perishing in the flames, their com-
rades often unable to reach and rescue them. Many
helpless wounded died horribly in this way in the wil-
derness, as they did also at Chancellorsville. In his his-
tory of this latter battle, General Doubleday says :
" The woods on each side of the plank road had been
set on fire by the artillery, and the wounded and dying
were burning in the flames without a possibility of res-
cuing them. Let us draw a veil over this scene, for it

I 1 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

is pitiful to dwell upon it." We echo these words of
the gallant Doubleday, and would fain shut out from
view those tortures of comrades, slowly perishing beyond
reach of aid, in circumstances so appalling. But imagi-
nation will pierce the veil and picture scenes behind it,
too dreadful for speech adequately to describe. And
as we add this phase of suffering to others endured by
the brave, self-denying men, who dared all hazards and
bore all burdens to win triumph for their country, the
debt which that country saved by such sacrifices, owes
to them, swells into a magnitude that is hardly rep-
resented by the warmest words of appreciation that we
can utter!

CHAPTER XII..

ADVANCE TO SPOTTSYLVANIA COURT HOUSE — DEATH OF GENERAL SEDGWICK

SEVERE ENGAGEMENTS ON THE lOTH — MOVEMENTS OF THE ONE

HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH HANCOCk's BRILLIANT ATTACK ON THE

enemy's ENTRENCHMENTS ON THE 1 2TH — GENERAL JOHNSON AND HIS

DIVISION CAPTURED — DESPERATE FIGHTING WITHIN THE SALIENT

ACCOUNT BY A CONFEDERATE OFFICER — A UNION OFFICER'S ACCOUNT —
RESULT OF THE CONFLICT.

The battle of the Wilderness, closed without the
advantages to the Confederates, that Lee had hoped
to secure. His object in attacking on the 5th was, to
strike the head of Grant's column as it crossed the
Plank road, so crushing a blow as to force the army
back on its tracks, and over the Rapidan, thus repeat-
ing the story of Chancellorsville. He failed in his
design. He found the army opposed to him, led
by a General constituted of " sterner stuff" than to be
turned aside from the object he meant to pursue, by
obstacles that courage, energy and perseverance, were
able to surmount. That commander, who had the full-
est confidence of his army, was bent on reaching Rich-
mond, and intended, in his own famous words, " to
fight it out on that line, if it took all summer." Accord-
ingly, he resumed his southward march, as soon almost
as the smoke of the recent battle had cleared away.
The three days following the battle, were uneventful,
the several corps of the Union Army moving in the
direction of Spottsylvania Court House, where the
forces of the enemy were concentrating, to oppose with

ii8

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

all resources at their command, the Union advance.
The two enemies moved on paralled lines with only a
short interval between them, the possession of Spott-
sylvania being the objective of both. The strategic
advantages of the position made both desirous to secure
it, and each put forth strenuous efforts to arrive first and
gain the desired vantage-ground. The Confederates
succeded in the race. Longstreet's Corps after march-
ing all night reached Spottsylvania at eight o'clock on
the morning of the 8th, and though some Union troops,
chiefly cavalry, in advance of the main column of War-
ren, were found at the Court House when the enemy
arrived, they prudently retired, and left the ground to
the large opposing force.

Longstreet's Corps now commanded by R. H. Ander-
son, was soon joined by Ewell's, as Warren's Fifth
Corps which had the advance, was joined by the Sixth,
under Sedgwick. The several positions they held were
as usual, intrenched, a battle on this ground being im-
minent in prospect, and in fact, unavoidable. No
engagement took place on the 9th, the day being occu-
pied with the work of intrenching, and various prepar-
ations for the expected encounter. Though not much
fighting took place on the 9th, the Union army sus-
tained a great loss that day in the death of General Sedg-
wick, who was killed by a sharp-shooter, close to the
intrenchments, at the right of his corps. His record
was high as a gallant, judicious and experienced officer,
whose services had been of highest value to the Union,
and whose frank bearing and manly qualities greatly
endeared him to his associates. General Wright suc-
ceeded him in command of the corps.

OyS HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. I I9

On the loth^ severe engagements occurred at various
points in our lines, from early in the day till late in the
afternoon, resulting in heavy loss of life, with no material
advantage gained on either side. Hancock's Corps
had crossed the Po early in the morning, threatening
the enemy's rear, and his army trains. The movement
was resisted by Mahone's and Heth's divisions, with so
much spirit and vehemence that Hancocks advance was
not only checked, but his troops forced to re-cross the
river. The turning movement, as first designed, was
changed into a front attack on Longstreet's and Ewell's
Corps, the purpose being to break through the enemy's
lines. These several attacks were made during the day,
the last near sunset, against the Confederate intrench-
ments, and though these attacks were marked by
wonderful daring, vigor and persistence, the very works
of the enemy being scaled at points, and three or four
hundred prisoners captured, of Dole's brigade, the Union
troops fell back at last to their own lines, without having
attained their object. The severity of the several con-
flicts this day is seen in the losses sustained, which
numbered 4,100 in killed and wounded, among the for-
mer being Brigadier General Rice, of the Fifth Corps,
and Stevenson, of Burnside's Corps, both gallant and
meritorious officers. These engagements, on the loth,
though sharp and sanguinary, were only preliminary to
those of the 12th, which, for fierce, desperate, hand-
to-hand fighting, had few parallels during all the war.
A day of exemption from actual conflict, the eleventh,
separated these two days of battle, and we will employ
this interval in tracing the fortunes of the One Hundred
and Twentieth Regiment, since the close of the battle of
the Wilderness.

I 20 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Till the afternoon of the 7th, the regiment lay quietly
in the rear of the corps, the frequent firing on the skir-
mish line telling them what was going on between the
advanced pickets. Then they were marched to the
right and placed in the front, behind the breastworks.
Shortly after dark a loud cheer suddenly uprose on the
right, and was taken up by regiment after regiment, as
Generals Grant and Meade, with their staffs, moved
toward the left in the direction of Spottsylvania Court
House. Warren's Fifth Corps, leading the advance,
moved past shortly afterwards, followed, on the morning
of the 8th, by the Sixth Corps. The regiment marched
the same day with the Second Corps, about four miles
to the vicinity of Todd's tavern, where it halted, and a
detail from it was sent out on picket. The booming of
cannon from the direction of the Court House announced
that Warren and Sedgwick had there found the enemy.
On the morning of the 9th, the first three divisions of
the Second Corps moved forward, and took position on
the right of the Fifth Corps. On the loth, the Fourth
division, the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment,
with its brigade, being in the advance, moved to near
SpottsylvaniaCourt House, its position being about three-
quarters of a mile north of the famous salient, which was
the theatre of the tremendous conflicts of the 12th, to
be presently noticed. The division was on the left of
the Sixth Corps, now commanded by General Wright.
An open space in front of the position permitted a view
of the enemy's fortified position, which the Union troops
were expecting soon to charge. At four p. m., came the
order to advance, and the troops moved forward through
a tempest of shot and shell, driving back the enemy's

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 121

skirmish line, approaching nearer their works, where
musketry aided cannon in thinning the assaulting ranks,
making the operation deadlier and less promising of
success at every step. In the end the object was not
attained, and the troops, for the time, had to give it over
and fall back to their own intrenchments.

The grand attack on the enemy's works was made on
the rath, Grant's order directing it, being issued on the
afternoon of the nth. Hancock's Second Corps, with
Burnside's Ninth Corps co-operating, was ordered to
open the assault at four o'clock in the morning, while
the Fifth and Sixth Corps were to be held as close to
the enemy as possible, in order to take advantage of
any opportunity that might present itself, for breaking
into the enemy's lines. The object of attack was a
salient or projecting angle, situated some distance in
front of the enemy's main intrenched lines, and elevated
somewhat above them. The apex of this angle was
held by Johnson's division, who, apprehending an attack,
had strengthened his position in every way possible,
making it, in fact, a very formidable one. Barlow's and
Birney's divisions led the assault, which was participated
in afterwards by the divisions of Mott and Webb, so
that Hancock's whole corps was really engaged in the
desperate struggle which ensued, for the possession of
the salient. The first attack was a brilliant success. A
heavy fog delayed the hour of attack till toward five
o'clock, when Birney's troops, with Barlow's and Mott's
in close support, ascended the slope toward the enemy's
intrenchments, burst into a cheer as the goal rose into
view, rushed forward, passed through the abattis and
over the intrenchments, fell upon Johnson's troops with

122 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

such suddenness and impetuous force that they captured
nearly the whole division, about 4,000 men, according
to Hancock, including General Johnson himself and
General G. H, Stewart, who commanded one of his
brigades. In addition to this, twenty pieces of artillery,
several thousand stands of arms, and upward of thirty
colors, were the trophies of this brilliant exploit.*

This signal success was achieved before six in the
morning. It seemed to promise similar or greater suc-
cess, as rapidly won, for the rest of the day, and then,
the apex gained, the whole angle would soon fall into
our hands. The result disappointed the hope. Through
all that dreadful day the most terrific conflict of the war
raged within the confines of that angle, well called " the
Bloody Angle." The Confederates, aware how much
depended on keeping their general line whole, tasked
all their energies to maintain it against the powerful
and repeated attempts to break through. The enemy
brought up their choicest troops under their most trusted
leaders, to confront the Union masses that were bent
on completing the work of the morning by seizing and
keeping possession of the enemy's position. So the
battle swayed, to and fro at different sides of the salient,
all day long, now one party, then another gaining some
advantage, only to lose it as fresh troops were thrown in
to take the places of exhausted ones. To describe the
struggle in detail, and the detachments of troops on both
side, that were specially engaged, would require several
pages of this narative, and I can give, for reasons before
mentioned, but a general outline. Perhaps the follow-

* Humphrey's Virginia Campaign of 1864 and 1865.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 23

ing extract, from a Confederate officer's account of the
conflict, in which he bore a part, will give as distinct an
idea of the murderous strife within the salient, as a more
lengthened description :

"The Federals still held the greater part of the salient, and though
the Confederates were unable to drive them out, they could get no
farther. Hancock's Corps which had made the attack, had been
re-enforced by Upton's division of the Sixth Corps, and one half of
Warren's Corps as the batde progressed, artillery had been brought
up on both sides, the Confederates using every piece that could be
made available upon the salient. Before ten o'clock, General Lee
has put in every man that could be spared, for the restoration of his
broken centre. It then became a matter of endurance for the men
themselves. All day Icng, and far into the night, the battle raged
with unceasing fury in the space covered by the salient and the
adjacent works. Every attempt to advance on either side was met,
and repelled on the other. The hostile battle flags waved over the
different portions of the same works, while the men fought like fiends
for their possession. It was ' war to the knife, and the knife to the
hilt.' The very mouth of hell seemed to have opened, and death was
rioting in its sulphurous fumes."*

Lest this account should seem too highly colored, I
will supplement it with a Union officer's account, Briga-
dier General L. A. Grant, who commanded a Vermont
brigade in the Second Corps, and who was also a par-
ticipant in the bloody fray :

" It was not only a desperate struggle, but it was literally a hand-
to-hand fight. Nothing but piled up logs or breastworks separated
the combatants. Our men would reach over the logs and fire in the
faces of the enemy, would stab over, with their baynets. Many were
shot and stabbed through the crevices and holes between the logs.
Men mounted the works, and with muskets rapidly handed them, kept

• General E. M. Law, in Centwrv, June, 1887.

124 O^^ HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

up a continuous fire till they were shot down, when others would
take their place and continue the deadly work. Several times during
the day the rebels would show a white flag about the works, and when
our fire slackened, jump over and surrender, and others were crowded
down to fill their places. * * * It was there that the somewhat
elebrated tree was cut off by bullets, * * * there that the brush
and logs were cut to pieces and whipped into basket stuff, * * *
there that the rebel ditches and cross sections were filled with dead
men, several deep. I was at the angle next day. The sight was
terrible and sickening, much worse than at Bloody Lane (Antietam).
There a great many dead men were lying in the road and across the
rails of the torn down fences, but they were not piled up several deep,
and their flesh was not so torn and mangled as at the ' angle.' "

The losses of this terrible day were in full proportion
to the severity and long continuance of the conflict.
The killed and wounded on the 12th, including those of
Burnside's Ninth Corps, which did not at that time form
part of the Army of the Potomac, amounted to 6,020.
In addition, there were 800 missing, making the whole
loss 6,820. The Confederate loss, though the figures
are not officially given, could not have been very much
less. After such labors and such mortality and havoc
wrought in one day, a period of cessation from hostilities
would seem to be a necessity, and such accordingly
ensued. The Confederates withdrew late in the day, to
a new line of defenses constructed near the base of the
salient while the fight was yet pending, and for several
days, at least, the noises of the battle-field ceased to
stun the ear.

CHAPTER XIII.

THE ARMY STILL ADVA^'CING — ^THE SOLDIERs' TRIALS BY THE WAY

SPIRITS ELASTIC UNDER ALL CROSSING THE PAMUNKEY AND NORTH

ANNA — NEARING THE CHICKAHOMINY RECORD OF THE ONE HUNDRED

AND TWENTIETH APPROACH TO COLD HARBOR AN ATTACK IN FORCE

ON THE enemy's WORKS — A SANGUINARY CONFLICT AND UNION REPULSE
GENERAL LAW'S ACCOUNT OF IT UNION LOSSES FROM THE WILDER-
NESS TO COLD HARBOR — REFLECTIONS.

For several days after the terrific struggle of the 1 2 th,
narrated in the last chapter, the wearied troops enjoyed
a short season of well-deserved and sorely-needed rest.
It was rest, not absolute, but as compared with the ten-
sion of nerves and hard-tasked energies, inseparable
from a sternly contested field of battle. The time
between the 1 2 th and 20th of May, on which latter day
the march toward the South was resumed, was passed,
not in ease or listlessness, but in repairing, as far as
might be, the heavy damages sustained in the conflict
and in getting ready for the serious work which the sol-
diers of the army well knew still lay before them.

Some changes were made by the consolidation of
reo-iments and brigades, whose ranks had dwindled
through battle, sickness or expiration of term of enlist-
ment. The First and Second brigades of General Mott's
Fourth division, were consolidated into one brigade
known as the Fourth brigade of the Third division,
commanded by General D. B. Birney. The One Hun-
dred and Twentieth Regiment,. became, by this change,

126 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

enrolled in this brigade, as thus constituted; the soldiers
of which, were soon to share in all the activities of the
pending campaign.

In the early morning of the 14th, the regiment, with
the brigade, was ordered to take position at the front,
where, though behind entrenchments, the ear was con-
stantly saluted with the crack of musketry from picket
and skirmish line, with the cannon's deep basso, striking
in from time to time, by way of accompaniment. These
familiar sounds were the soldiers' music by day and
their lullaby to soothe them into slumber by night. The
diary we have drawn from, gives the following pictures
of the experience of the soldiers in these trying days :

•' We were kept ever on the alert to resist any attack that might
be made. Every day since May 5th — written on the i6th — we were
more or less under the enemy's artillery fire, while the sound of sing-
ing minies rarely ceased to fall upon our ears, and the dead and
wounded in a steady stream were borne to the rear. If you would
know of the hardships of those times, ask not the officers alone, but
the men who carried rifles and stood in the front of our fiery lines,
or slept in the rain and mud behind the intrenchments. The memo-
ry of those days is indelibly stamped on our minds, yet spite of all
hardship and suffering, the army was in fine spirits and none doubted
our ultimate success."

The close of this extract is significant, as showing how
animated and ardent the soldiers continued under all
the burdens laid upon them, and how hopeful and con-
fident they felt, that the trusted leader they were fol-
lowing with alacrity, would conduct them to certain
triumph, though the road to it might be long and the
difficulties to be overcome, many and formidable.
Indeed, it was a rare thing to find the Union soldier

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 27

despondent, or ready to give over the contest in despair.
And it was this buoyancy of spirit, pervading the ranks,
growing out of the conviction that his cause was right
and must prevail, that gave strength to his blows,
endurance to his efforts, and was the pledge of final
victory. Thus, at the close of some bloody day, when
the troops had tasked their utmost energies to carry
some strong position or win some hard-contested field
and had failed — an experience so familiar to the Army
of the Potomac — the spirits of the soldiers remained
elastic ; they were ready and anxious to try the fate of
battle again, and by renewed and stronger efforts to
force victory to decide in their favor. So it had been
almost uniformly in the campaigns which marked the past
three years of the war, and so it proved to be after the Rapi-
dan was crossed and the march to the James had been
entered on, during which, skirmishing, bloody collisions
and "battle alarums," were an almost daily experience.
The struggle of one day ended, whether favorable or
not, the Union soldier, not disheartened, was ready for
another struggle, if necessary, on the next. And we
find this hopeful, buoyant feeling nerving his heart and
arm during all the trying and perilous days of the army's
passage through the Wilderness and southern Virginia to
its designated position on the banks of the James.

The Union army began its forward movement on the
20th, Hancock's Corps taking the lead, the route
through Bowling Green, being in the direction of Han-
overtown, on the Pamunkey river, near which town, the
army was directed to cross. The several corps reached
the vicinity of the Pamunkey on the 27th, and on the
28th, the crossing of the river was accomplished. War-

128 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

ren's Corps, the Fifth, was posted with its right on the
road to Richmond, with its left near the Totopotomy, a
small stream emptying into the Pamunkey, about two
miles below Hanovertown. This town was only seven-
teen miles from Richmond, the possession of which, by
the Union forces, had been looked upon from the first, as
virtually ending the war. With this goal in view, the
most strenuous, though hitherto abortive, efforts had been
made to capture the Confederate Capital. And now
another effort was in progress to compass the same
great object, and the country was watching with deepest
anxiety to see whether success or another failure was to
attend the present expedition. Richmond lay within
less than a day's march. The Army of the Potomac
was again near the famed Chicahominy, on whose banks
the fierce battles of 1862 had been unavailingly fought.
And while the troops were inspired to heroic deeds by
the recollection of what their fellow-soldiers, under-
McClellan, had braved and suffered on this very ground,
they were sanguine in expecting a more fortunate
issue than fell to the lot of the former. They were
unfaltering in the purpose, that Richmond, this time,
should no longer evade capture, but should be made to
own the might and majesty of a government she had so
long defied, and the rebellion thus perish with the over-
throw of its citadel. It will be seen presently, how fully
these confident anticipations came to be fulfilled.

But the road to the triumph was neither short nor
easy. Montlis were to intervene before the end was
fairly reached, and these months were to be marked by
frequent and bitter conflicts, and a sturdy, step by step,
vanquishing of obstacles that lay in the way of final

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 129

victory. But the army was adequate to the work it had
undertaken to do, and without underestimating its mag-
nitude, went forward with single purpose, firm step and
unswerving constancy to accomplish it.

Its first collision with the enemy after crossing the
Pamunkey, was near the Totopotomy streamlet, on the
south side of which Lee's intrenched lines were posted,
to bar the progress of the Union troops. An attack
was made on their lines by Barlow's division, in the
lead, supported by Birney's and Gibbon's divisions,
Burnside's Corps, crossing the Totopotomy late in the
day and forming on Hancock's left. Warren's and
Wright's corps, also took part in the engagements of
the 29th and 30th, with parts of Lee's army, the whole
of which lay in front, prepared to contest the Union
advance. In spite of this array. Grant's army urged its
way inexorably, swinging round the enemy's lines
where his intrenched positions were too strong to break
through in front, and compelling the Confederates to
fall back to other lines and construct other defenses.
This time, Lee's intrenched position was at Cold Har-
bor, near the theatre of McClellan's battles, and almost
in sight of Richmond. This position, for reasons deemed
sufficient. General Grant was determined to assail, with
the result of one of the hardest-fought and bloodiest
conflicts of this whole campaign, so marked by terrible
fighting almost from the first day after crossing the
Rapidan,

The One Hundred and Twentieth had its full share
of the burdens borne every day by the whole army, in
forcing its way, in spite of all opposition, into the heart
of the enemy's country. Each regiment had its own

9

I 30 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

experience of exposure to danger, of toil, hardship and
suffering, and the history of one day was virtually a
repetition, in its main features, of the trying days pre-
ceding it. This will appear from the carefully written
accounts of what befell the regiment for several days
before the third of June, on which the assault was made
on Cold Harbor. On May 28th. the regiment was
within a mile of the North Anna river, and with its
brigade, formed in line of battle, with an open field in
front, stretching to the bank of the river, crossed by a
bridge, at that point. The division began to cross the
river at 8 a. m. ; the One Hundred and Twentieth
crossing in the afternoon, shot and shell flying thickly
around them, coming from the heights beyond, held by
the enemy. After dark the brigade was placed in the
front line. A member of the regiment gives the follow-
ing account of the experience and spirit of the men :

" In line of battle across the North Anna river. We are having a
rough lime. I reckon the world never heard of such fighting. Since
May 5th we have been under fire of the enemy nearly every day. All
confidence is placed in General Grant, and all earnestly hope for suc-
cess. We are working night and day building line after line of
intrenchments. Although worn with fatigue, the men cheerfully obey
every order. "

On the 29th, the regiment advanced two miles and
another line of works was thrown up, and in the even-
ing, another advance was made nearer to the enemy's
fortified position. This move was in support of Bar-
low's division, which had dislodged the enemy from his
rifle-pits, and at night, a detail from the regiment was
placed on picket duty, the enemy all the while being
directly in front. " The picket lines were but a short

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 3 I

distance apart, and all night, and on the 30th and 31st,
the outposts kept up a constant firing, while every now
and then, a furious cannonading would commence and
continue for a short time ; and sharpshooters stationed
on the surrounding heights, were picking off the men
who exposed themselves. During these days, though
we were not in any heavy engagement, quite a number
was added to the list of our killed and wounded."

The attack on the enemy's position at Cold Harbor,
was made on the 3d of June, by Barlow's and Gibbon's
divisions of the Second Corps, Birney's division sup-
porting them, the three divisions forming the extreme
left of the Union line. Barlow's movement against the
enemy's works began at sunrise. After a severe strug-
gle, he succeeded in effecting a lodgement in the hostile
works, and in pressing back the enemy into their main
defenses, capturing some 300 prisoners, one stand of
colors and three guns, which were turned against the
enemy in their retreat. But this encouraging success
was only short-lived, for our troops were soon subjected
to a sharp enfilading fire of artillery, which forced them
to fall back about fifty paces, where they threw up slight
intrenchments that gave them partial protection. Gib-
bon's division, following Barlow's, fared no better,
though his troops pushing close up to the enemy's
works, carried on the contest with the utmost gallantry.
They were forced back, as the others had been, after
the most strenuous efforts made to hold their ground,
suffering severely, both in officers and men. The loss
of both divisions this day in killed and wounded,
amounted to 2,217 officers and men. The losses suf-
fered by the other two corps, the Fifth and Sixth, and

132 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Burnside's troops, were also severe. The Eighteenth
Corps, under General W. F. Smith, which had recently
come from the Army of the James, and had now joined
the Potomac army, was heavily engaged in this battle.
The losses of this corps in killed and wounded, was
about 1 ,000 men ; The Sixth Corps lost 800 ; the Fifth,
400, and Burnside's Ninth Corps, about 800. The total
casualties, including killed, wounded and missing, result-
ing from the engagements of the first and third of June,
at Cold Harbor, according to General Humphrey's
estimates, were 1 2 ,970.* This shows the fearful severity
of the fighting in those early days of June. General
Law's account of the battle of Cold Harbor, in the
Century Magazine, for June, 1887, presents a stirring
picture of the assault and repulse of Smith's Eighteenth
Corps, in the center of the Union line. It may be too
highly colored, as Confederate accounts, treating of
Union losses in battle, are apt to be, but as the account
of an eye-witness and actor in the bloody drama he
undertakes to describe, there should be, as there no
doubt is, substantial truth in his statements :

' ' Meanwhile the enemy was evideiftly concentrating in the woods
in front, and every indication pointed to an early attack. Nothing
could be done upon the contemplated line during the day, and we
waited anxiously the coming of night. The day passed (the 2d of
June) without an attack. I was as well satisfied that it would come
at dawn the next morning as if I had seen General Meade's order
directing it. * * * * Qur troops were under arms and waiting,
when, with the misty light of early morning, the scattering fire of our
pickets, who now occupied the abandoned works in the angle,
announced the beginning of the attack. As the assaulting column
swept over the old works, a loud cheer was given, and it rushed on

* Humphrey's "Virginia Campaign of '64 and '65, p. 191.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. I 33

into the miry ground in the angle. Its front covered little more than
the line of my own brigade of less than a thousand men ; but line
followed line, uniil the space enclosed by the old salient became a
mass of writhing humanity, upon which our artillery and musketry
played with cruel effect. * * * On reaching the trenches, I found
the men in fine spirits, laughing and talking as they fired. There,
too, I could see more plainly the terrible havoc made in the ranks of
the assaulting column. I had seen the dreadful carnage in front of
Marye's Hill, at Fredericksburg, and on the ' old railroad cut,' which
Jackson's men held at the Second Manassas, but I had seen nothing
to exceed this. It was not war ; it was murder. When the fight
ended, more than a thousand men lay in front of our works, either
killed or too badly wounded to leave the field. While we were busy
with the Eighteenth Corps on the center of the general line, the sounds
of battle could be heard both on the right and left, and we knew
from long use what that meant. It was general a advance of Grant's
whole army. Early's Corps, below Bethesda church, was attacked
without success. On our right, where the line extended toward the
Chickahominy, it was broken at one point, but at once restored by
Finnegan's (Florida) brigade, with heavy loss to Hancock's troops,
who were attacking there. The result of the action in the centre,
which has been described, presents a fair picture of the result along
the whole line — a grand advance, a desperate struggle, a bloody and
crushing repulse. Before 8 o'clock a. m., on the 3d of June, the
battle of Cold Harbor was over. '

The battle of Cold Harbor virtually ended the " over-
land campaign," and no more severe fighting marked
the progress of the Union army to the James river,
which it was soon to cross. The campaign, thus far,
had lasted but a month, and almost every day had been
one of conflict, several of which, had risen into the
dimensions of great battles with the sacrifice and havoc
necessarily attendant upon them. From the Wilder-
ness to Cold Harbor, according to revised tables pre-
pared by reliable authority, the total losses of the Union
army in killed, wounded and missing, amounted to

I 34 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

54,929, a figure that represents alone a numerous and
powerful army in the field. Had success in the end not
crowned the great efforts and sacrifices of the Union
army, the country would have shown little mercy
in its criticism and denunciation of the General com-
manding, through whom those sacrifices were made.
But the complete success, which was to come, and did
come, made all the difference in the world in the senti-
ments of the people toward the great leader who
attained the object for which all loyal hearts were yearn-
ing. In the glory of the achievement and the universal
joy it occasioned, all harsh voices were hushed, and
only those heard which extolled the Captain of the
host, who succeeded, where others had failed, and his
gallant soldiers, without whose self-sacrificing labors,
there had been no triumph to record.

CHAPTER XIV.

THE UNION ARMY NEAR THE CHICAHOMINY — DISCOMFORTS AND SUFFERINGS
OF THE TROOPS — SUCCESSFUL CROSSING OF THE JAMES RIVER — THE

ADVANCE TO PETERSBURG INVESTMENT OF THE CITY — ASSAULTS ON

THE enemy's INTRENCHED LINES LEE STRENGTHENS THE CITY's

DEFENSIVE FORCE HARDSHIPS AND PERILS OF THE SOLDIERS BESIEGING

— A DESCRIPTION, BY ONE OF THE NUMBER — ABORTIVE MINE EXPLOSION.

From the third of June, the day after the last battle
at Cold Harbor, till the 14th, on which latter day, the
One Hundred and Twentieth crossed the James river
no events occurred out of the usual round of army
experiences. Guard and picket duties, with occasional
short marches by day, with now and then a nightly
bivouac under a summer sky, occupied the interval.
The two armies being close together, the work of the
sharpshooters was naturally kept up pretty actively at
times, resulting in some casualties on either side.
Though the brigade to which the One Hundred and
Twentieth belonged, was in the second line at Cold
Harbor, and thus escaped much damage in that destruct-
ive battle, its losses from daily exposure and hardship
were large, sickness as well as the bullet adding to the
chasms made in the ranks since the campaign opened.
One of the regiment, putting down his experiences
shortly after Cold Harbor, writes :

"All day there has been heavy artillery firing, and the shot apd
shell tearing through the air, or lodging in the trunks of large trees
standing near, are constant reminders that a hostile army is just

136 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

before us. The sharpshooters of both armies are continually at
work, and wherever a head comes in sight it at once becomes a tar-
get. Quite a number of officers and men in the different corps were
the victims of this day's work. As we looked back over the past
month, crowded with great events, and thought of the many dangers
through which a kind Providence had brought us safely, so many
being taken while we were left, we could not but feel deeply thankful
for our preservation. Our regiment had borne its part nobly, every
man seeming to feel what duty he owed to his country and his God,
and to conduct himself accordingly. We are now near the sickly
swamps of the Chicahominy, where the army of General McCIellan,
two years ago, had its repeated encounters with the enemy. The
rays of the sun poured down upon us with unsparing fierceness, the
water was poor, and sickness began to tell upon our ranks, as battle
had done. The rebel army lay between us and their capital, now
only nine miles distant."

That army lying between the Union forces and Rich-
mond, proved a stubborn obstruction to the capture of
the capital, the sound of whose church bells almost
reached the combatants, so near was their approach to
it. It might be disappointing to many to have a speedy
assault and the hoped-for capture delayed, and to see
the army turn its back upon Richmond when the prize
seemed almost within its grasp. But the plan deliber-
ately fixed upon was, to get farther away from the capi-
tal first, and then in due time, by gradual approaches, to
get within it, through the weakening and dispersion of
the army which had so long guarded but would be no
longer able to save it. This plan involved the crossing
of the James river, preparations for which went forward
rapidly after the Cold Harbor conflict, the object being
to destroy the lines of supply leading to Richmond,
south of the river, and as close to the city as practicable,
to capture Petersburg, sever all railroad communication

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N.Y.S. VOLS. 13/

with the Confederate capital, which Lee's army must
then of necessity abandon.

The crossing of the James river, with an opposing
army within gunshot, watching every opportunity to
obstruct the progress of the invading enemy, was a deli-
cate and difficult operation. It was necessary to con-
ceal the movements of the Union army as much as
possible, and especially the point at which it was
designed to cross, and this was done so effectually, that
the passage of the river was accomplished without
molestation or mishap. The preparations for the move-
ment of the army to the James river, and for crossing it,
were so carefully and skilfully made, that the several
corps, each in the order marked out, traversed the
distance between Cold Harbor and the James, without
interruption. Crossing the Chicahpminy by the several
bridges designated, and passing through the swamps
that separated it from the James, they reached the banks
of the river between the 13th and i5th, Hancock's
Corps arriving on the former day. This corps crossed
the river on the 14th, a part on pontoons, but mostly
in vessels, furnished largely by General Butler, then at
Bermuda Hundred. The One Hundred and Twentieth,
which formed part of the Second Corps, was surprised
and delighted to see among the vessels there, the
Thomas Powell, of Rondout, which seemed to the sol-
diers like the face of an old friend, bringing strong
reminders of home. The point of crossing was from
Wilcox's Landing, to Windmill Point, the river here
being 2,100 feet wide, and in mid-channel, from twelve
to fifteen fathoms deep, with a strong tidal current, all
of whidh would seem to forbid the construction of a

138 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

pontoon bridge. Such bridge, however, was actually in
progress for the passage of the other corps, and was fin-
ished at midnight of the 14th. The crossing at once
commenced of the Ninth, Fifth and Sixth corps, and by
midnight of the i6th, the whole army, with its artillery
and trains, was over the James, General Wright cover-
ing the operation and being the last to reach the right
bank.* This movement, so successfully made, proved
to be one of the highest importance in its results, was
in fact, a long step forward in the road that led to the
downfall and ruin of the Confederate cause.

On the morning of the i5th of June, the Second
Corps started on its march toward Petersburg, the One
Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, with its brigade,
falling into line about 1 1 :30 a. m., and marching rapidly
a distance of twenty miles, arrived at nightfall within
three miles of the city. The tents were pitched for the
night, the brigade occupying the front line among the
Union troops intrenched before Petersburg and about
to have their first experience of besieging a strongly
fortified town. Heavy lines of breastworks stretched
from the Appomattox river, round the eastern and
southern sides of the city, and behind these extended
and strong defenses, were battalions of Lee's veterans,
ready to hold their ground against all assailants, or to
sally forth, as opportunity might offer, and grapple with
their enemy in the open field.

The number of Confederate troops in the fortifications
at Petersburg, was small when the advance of the
Union army arrived before the city. It hardly exceeded
2,5oo men. Lee's main force was held for the pro-

* Humphrey's Virginia Campaign.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 39

taction of Richmond, which place he supposed General
Grant intended first of all to assail. General Beaure-
gard, on the other hand, rightly divining that Peters-
burg would be the main point of attack to the Union
army, urged General Lee to send troops enough to
defend it, while he held his own lines in front of Gen-
eral Butler. This request Lee did not at once comply
with for the reason stated, and hence Petersburg was
left for a time, with very inadequate numbers for its
proper protection, inviting, in fact, the assaults which
soon followed the appearance of the Union army before
the city. Had these assaults been made more promptly,
and with more concert on the part of Hancock's and
Smith's corps, they would have resulted, most probably,
in the capture of Petersburg, with all the advantages
resulting from its posession, to the Union arms. As it
was, the assaults were made with great resolution and
gallantry, and with marked success, so far as the cap-
ture of redans, with many prisoners, was concerned.
The Petersburg intrenchments encircled the city at the
distance of two miles from it, and these consisted of a
series of strong batteries connected by infantry parapets,
with ditches in front. Several of these redans or bat-
teries, were carried by Smith's vigorous attacks upon
them, and the enemy driven to positions nearer the
city. Other assaults were made on the morning of the
1 8th, by the Fifth, Ninth and Second corps, but no
material advantages were gained, as the enemy had now
become largely re-enforced, besides pressing closer up
to the adversary's lines, the ground taken there being
at once intrenched. These positions, the two opposing
lines continued substantially to hold, during all the
months the war lasted.

1 40 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

The attacks on Petersburg, from the i5th to the i8th
of June, inclusive, though they failed in their main object,
were attended with severe Union losses, the number in
killed and wounded in the Second, Fifth and Ninth
corps,' amounting to 7,450. Though the troops were
exempted, after Cold Harbor, from the casualties pro-
duced by a pitched battle, their experience before
Petersburg served to show, that a siege may be almost
as fatal to life and limb as a battle !

When the several corps of the Union army had taken
their positions before and around Petersburg and Rich-
mond, the fate of these two cities became the absorbing
question of interest among all classes. The capture of
the former, involved that of the latter, and the fall of both,
was well understood to mean the end of the struggle
for the Confederates. Petersburg once taken, Rich-
mond's defense could not long be maintained with all
communications from the South and West cut off, and
therefore, the earnest and persistent efforts made to cap-
ture Petersburg, as leading inevitably to the final
triumph of the Union arms.

Well knowing the vital importance of holding Peters-
burg, General Lee had strengthened it by concentrating
there all the troops he could possibly spare from his
lines around Richmond. The city thus became very
formidable in its defenses, and proved able to withstand
for many months, the utmost efforts of the investing
forces. Lee's army, indeed, was held as in a vice, all
its energies being absorbed in the one great object of
saving Richmond from falling into the clutches of the
enemy. Thus the months of the summer and autumn,
and the winter following, slowly passed, one by one.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 1 4 1

in efforts made by the Northern army to break down
the defenses which obstructed their entrance into these
cities, and by the other, to foil all attempts made against
them. The details of the movements and operations to
compass these ends, were varied and some of them
striking and picturesque. We can do no more, how-
ever, than glance at these, or dwell upon them only so
far as is necessary to the proper illustration of the sub-
ject of this narrative.

To the troops in intrenchments before a beleaguered
city, which has strength to bafifle for many months, all
efforts to take it, there must be much monotony in the
service rendered, day by day. Short marches from one
position to another — the occasional shifting of positions
and the throwing up of new intrenchments ; the digging
of wells for providing a supply of water ; guard and
picket duty, performed with never failing regularity ; an
occasional assault made on some exposed point in the
enemy's defenses, or a sortie of the besieged, needing
to be met and repelled — these are among the daily
experiences of soldiers engaged in a long siege, such as
that of Petersburg. Some of these experiences have an
interest of their own, marked as they often were, by
incidents of personal adventure, suffering and patient
endurance on the part of the soldiers, who, lying within
striking distance of the guns of the enemy, were hardly
at any time, out of danger of being struck down by shot
or shell. But the men grew indifferent to personal
risks by being constantly exposed to them, and per-
formed their daily tasks without heeding the perils
which lay in w^ait for them on every side. The One
Hundred and Twentieth Regiment had its own share

142 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

of these perils, and the record of what it did and suffered
during the months preceding the fall of Richmond,
would, if it were spread out in detail, show it well
entitled to an honorable place among the battalions
that served the country most faithfully. A few extracts
from this record, written by the trustworthy pen, whose
aid has so many times been resorted to, will set forth
some of the doings and experiences of his comrades of
the regiment, for a part of the period mentioned. These
extracts, drawn from a carefully kept record of each
day's operations and field services, will give an idea of
the character and requirements of the work which
devolved upon the troops while the siege of Petersburg
was in progress :

July 19th. " We were quiet in our works, while the skirmishers in
front, kept up a constant firing."

July 20th. ' ' Bullets are singing over our heads or striking the
works behind which we are safely sheltered, all day. There has
been heavy skirmishing since daylight. After dark, we were relieved
by a portion of Burnside's Ninth Corps, and we marched nearly all
night."

July 22d. "This morning we moved into the front line of works.
Barlow's division moved over them to establish a new line, but were
soon assailed by a superior force of the enemy, and hurled back,
losing four guns and over a thousand prisoners. "

July 23d. "The regiment remained quietly behind the breast-
works all day, a large detail being on the skirmish line. The term
of enlistment of two regiments of our brigade had expired, and the
recruits and veterans of one of them, the Seventy-second N. Y. , were
transferred to our regiment. Some of our boys who were on the
skirmish line, will remember how they saw Colonel William Blais-
dell, of the Eleventh Massachusetts, killed, while trying to advance
pur skirmishers under a galling fire from the enemy's pickets and
sharpshooters."

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 1 43

The regiment had been without a chaplain for several
months, the Rev. F. Hartwell, having resigned, the
previous winter. On the 9th of June, a new chaplain
joined the regiment, in the person of Rev. H. H.
Hopkins, a son of Dr. Mark Hopkins, for many years the
honored president of Williams College, a young man of
high character and gifts, and full of ardor, both patriotic
and religious. He readily identified himself with all the
interests of the regiment, cheerfully sharing ,the hard-
ships and dangers of the men, to whose bodily, not less
than spiritual needs, he sedulously ministered, and soon
winning a high place in their esteem, confidence and
affection. In the following extract, reference is made to
him and to a service he conducted with the regiment,
amid a pause in the harsh battle noises which stunned
the ear throughout each day, and often reached far
into the night :

June 24 ih. "It was quiet in our front. Heavy firing was heard on
our right early in the morning, which continued the greater part of
the day, with short cessations. When night came, firing along dif-
ferent portions of the line ceased, and it was as quiet as a New
England Sabbath. For three consecutive evenings, our chaplain had
tried to hold meetings. This evening he succeeded. Nearly the
whole regiment came together at the centre of the line, keeping near
the works so as to be able to spring to arms at a moment's notice.
Seated on the ground, oflScers and all seemed rejoiced, thus together
to worship God. Within full hearing of the enemy, we sang the
old hymns, and some regiment down the line, echoed them back to
us. One of the captains and two of the men led in prayer, and all
listened attentively to the earnest words of the chaplain. Captain A.
Lockwood, was mustered as major of the regiment to-day. The
intrenchments behind which we were holding the front line, were
built of logs and earth, and were very strong, and the army asked
nothing belter than to have the enemy hurl their forces against them.

1 44 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

The men were calm and confident when there were real indications
of an attack and scarcely noticed the familiar whizzing sound of the
minies from the opposing skirmish line."

The above picture furnishes a strong contrast, as it is
a pleasant relief to the dark and stormy scenes of con-
flict and bloodshed through which so much of the
regiment's way had lain hitherto, and it is honoring to
the soldiers, to see them amid their grim, warlike sur-
roundings, doing honor and homage to Him, through
whom alone, all good and perfect gifts are bestowed,
among them, prospectively being, triumph to our arms
in the prolonged struggle, in whose final and complete
success, the nation's integrity, freedom and very life
were involved.

The heat of the weather, in these midsummer days,
was at times, almost insupportable, and the suffering of
the soldiers in marching and in the daily services they
were called upon to perform, such as levelling the
enemy's abandoned works, digging wells, etc., was very
severe. Every change of position made it necessary to
open new wells, for no water could be obtained, fit for
use, without this constantly imposed labor. The follow-
ing from the diary of July 12th, sets these matters forth
in strong light :

"Near daylight, all the intrenchments in front of us had been
levelled, when we marched about two miles to the left and rear. We
halted in an open field, while an army, with its artillery, passed by
us, among them being 5,000 colored troops. No word or look of
disrespect escaped any of our men, most of whom looked upon
colored troops for the first time, and would probably have jeered and
derided the same troops, a few months before. Now, however, they
had proved themselves good soldiers, worthy to wear the blue and
stand in the ranks of freedom.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS. I 45

" July 13th. Our lask of levelling breastworks was completed this
morning at 10 o'clock. It was about the hottest day we had ever
experienced. The sun seemed fairly to wither us. The digging
done, we at once started forward, and after two sleepless nights, one of
them passed in hard labor, marched at a very rapid pace for about five
miles through dust, that rose in a long, heavy cloud. Four men in
the regiment directly behind us, dropped dead. Some of our men
were overcome with the heat and fell out, within half a mile of camp.
The entire regiment showed signs of utter exhaustion. The color
bearer, fell from sun-stroke after reaching camp. Many complained
of giddiness, and scores lay panting in the woods.

"Before recovering breath, General Mott, unaware, seemingly, of
any unusual suffering in the ranks, issued ah order to dig wells and
lay out a camp. In half an hour from the time we halted, the men
who could walk, were busily engaged in digging wells and in prepa-
rations for the night's encampment. At about six p. m , of the 14th,
we were ordered with the division to the front, to tear down old
works left by the enemy. All night, with pick and spade, we were
at work to level old Confederate fortifications, completing our task
the next day, by laboring at it from four p. .\i., till an hour before
midnight. The works torn down, had formed a strong position, and
were now occupied by the Eighteenth Corps and the colored troops.
From the ridge they occupied, the spires of Petersburg churches
seemed close by, while to the right, a plain stretched to the Appo-
mattox, visible at intervals, through the trees.- Across this plain,
extended the opposing lines."

The arduous character of the service rendered by the
regiment, while the siege of Petersburg was in progress,
appears from the foregoing extracts. This service did not
greatly vary during the summer months. The men
bore the burdens, of wnatever kind, which rested on
them day by day, with unmurmuring constancy, while
they looked forward hopefully to the end of their toils,
which they foresaw could not be very long delayed.
On the 30th of July, occurred the explosion of the
Petersburg mine, to vary the uniformity of the opera-

10

1 46 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

tions, having the capture of the city in view. It was a
carefully contrived plan to compass the surrender of
the city, and had its execution corresponded fully with
the prearranged details, Petersburg would then have
been lost to the Confederacy. But the plan miscarried,
as many another, not less important or skillfully devised,
has done. The eight tons of gunpowder, were, indefed,
duly exploded ; a part of the enemy's works, with 30a
troops manning them, was blown up ; a huge fissure was
made in the ground, through which columns advanced,
to what was meant and expected to be, a triumphant
assault. But troops were hastily rallied to the defense,
with a combined power of resistance, which baffled all
efforts of the assailants. The result is told in the
graphic words of General Grant, himself : " The effort
was a stupendous failure. It cost us 4,000 men, mostly
however, captured, and all due to inefficiency on the
part of the corps commander, who was sent to lead the
assault." *

* General Grant's "Personal Memoirs." Vol. II, p. ji^.

CHAPTER XV.

STEADY PROGRESS OF THE SIEGE — DANGERS FROM SHASPSHOOTERS —
RESULTING CASUALTIES — HOW THE REGIMENT SERVED AND SUFFERED
GENERAL BARTLETt's ACCOUNT OF SOLDIER-LIFE BEFORE PETERS-
BURG CONSTANT PERIL TO LIFE AND LIMB THE LIVING SOLDIERS NOT

LESS DESERVING THAN THE DEAD — RALPH WALDO EMERSON's REMARK

MARCH TO WELDON RAILROAD — BOYDTON PLANK ROAD THE ONE

HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH CAPTURES INTRENCHMENTS AND PRISONERS
— SWORD PRESENTATION — HONORING OUR SOLDIERS' GRAVES — CHAPLAIN
HOPKINS' LETTER AND GENERAL DOUBLEDAy's RESPONSE.

The failure to capture Petersburg, through the
explosion of the mine, was followed by several weeks of
comparative inaction. The effect of the operation had
been, to draw heavy bodies of Lee's troops to the
defense of the city, against which such daring attempts
were making by the Union army, so that a large part
of his forces were now posted behind the fortifications
of Petersburg. It was shown by this, how much
importance the Confederate leader attached to the hold-
ing of the city, and that he regarded its fall, as a calamity
that might foreshadow speedy ruin to his cause. The
extensive lines of defense were therefore strength-
ened in every way possible, and the task of the
besiegers to break-through, had become more difficult
than before the explosion of the mine.

The siege, however, was not to be abandoned. The
Union troops had come to stay. No difficulties which
opposed them, could turn them aside from their pur-
pose. This purpose was to have Petersburg at all

I 48 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

hazards, and with it Richmond, though it should require
months to accomplish it. To this end, their own lines
were not only made stronger, but extended from time
to time and brought nearer to those of the enemy, and
new and more commanding positions taken, to harass
their stubborn adversary, as occasion offered ; to con-
fine him within narrower limits and gradually weaken
his power of resistance.

Thus the besieging forces lay before and around
Petersburg, seeking what advantage they could, and
hopeful still of a favorable issue, while the weeks of the
autumn slowly succeeded each other. They were con-
stantly within reach of shot and shell from the opposite
defenses, though the shelter of breastworks and bomb-
proofs protected them in some measure against deadly
missiles. The greatest caution was necessary to guard
against the keen-eyed sharpshooter, especially on the
skirmish or picket line, and any movement by parties
outside of the works, was liable to be attended by
serious, sometimes fatal, casualties. Some instances of
the latter, will be given in an account of several days'
experiences in the progress of the siege, and these will
serve to exhibit the nature of the work the besiegers
were called upon to do day after day, and the perils to
which they were exposed, in performing it. The
account is from the diary from which I have drawn so
freely, whose full and carefully compiled details, furnish
the best information attainable on matters of principal
concern to the regiment. The following extracts will
serve as a sample of the kind of service, with its attend-
ant trials, required of the regiment during many weeks
that the siege was going forward :

O.VE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 1 49

"September 9th. In the evening, a detail from our regiment,
among others, was sent to strengthen the picket line, while the Twen-
tieth Indiana, Ninety-ninth Pennsylvania and the Second U. S.
Sharpshooters, were to capture the enemy's rifle pits, which were near
one of our forts, on the Jerusalem Road. We were first taken to the
fort and then moved silently forward to the picket line, where we
found the regiments named, ready and waiting to move.

" At one o'clock, a. m., of the loth, the moon having just set, the
attacking party crept forward through the darkness and soon reached
the rifle pits, surprising the videttes, and after a few shots, the lines
were ours. Many of the enemy came running back, were taken in
charge and sent to the fort by our picket line. Two captains and
96 prisoners were taken in this affair. Lieutenant Colonel Meikel, of
the Twentieth Indiana and Lieutenant G. W. Ellsler, of the Ninety-
ninth Pennsylvania, lost their lives in the, assault."

The picket line was advanced and the captured works
were manned with Union. soldiers, while every gun in
front opened against the successful assailants, shot and
shell flying over the heads of the sheltered troops and
plowing up the ground in their front ; the cannonade
continuing till two o'clock in the morning. At three
o'clock, another portion of the lines was assailed by the
enemy's cannon , with such a furious outburst, that the regi-
menrt was called out to confront any danger that might be
impending. Later in the morning, an attack on our
picket line, resulted in the capture of some 25 Union
soldiers, who were guarding it. Constant firing was
kept up between the opposing picket lines, and this often
resulted, in the parties engaged, being struck down by
shots, that sometimes proved fatal. Some of these
casualties which befell the One Hundred and Twentieth,
apart from their interest as individual incidents,
will show the hazards attending the siege of a
strongly defended city, even when the besieging forces

I 50 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

exercise becoming caution and care in their own pro-
tection.

"September i6th. Our regiment lay between forts Warren and
Crawford, in the front line, and about lOO yards to the left of the
Jerusalem plank road. At night, could be seen the flashes of rifles
all along the opposing lines, while the blaze from mortars and the
fiery curves described by the shells, presented a very ' picturesque
spectacle.

"September 20th. The news of Sheridan's victory in the Shenandoah
Valley yesterday, reached us and caused great rejoicing in the army.
Wherever there were Union soldiers, whether in camp, in the rear, or
along the picket line, there was cheering all day. In the evening.
Lieutenant Dederick, a brave and promising young office' of our
regiment, who had been rejoicing with us over the victory, was sent
out with the pickets. While on the reserve, arranging the details, a
minie-ball passed through his heart, coming out of his leftside. He
simply uttered the words, ' I am dead, carry me to the bomb-proof,'
and lived but a few moments, when his lifeless body was borne to
the camp which he had left just before in happiest mood. Lieutenant
L. A. DuBois, of company I, who had placed some boxes in front
of his tent bed for his protection against stray minies, and which
sheltered all but his feet, was wounded in his foot by a bullet passing
through his tent during his sleep this night."

" September 24th. Bullets were striking about our camp and
headquarters thicker than ever, passing through the officers' mess-
tent and throwing up the dirt in front of their quarters. At night,
we were sometimes awakened by the hum and thud of minies, which
for a moment, caused a chilly sensation to pass over us. Head-
quarters were changed in consequence of the annoyance to which
they were thus subjected.

"September 26th. Private Brown, an old member of Captain
Gillett's company, was shot through the head on the picket line this
morning, and killed.

"On the morning of the 30th, one of our men, who was walking
carelessly along with no thought of danger near, was struck by a
minie and fell dead without speech or motion.

" September 30th. At night, a detail from the regiment was sent
out on picket. One of the pits, occupied by four or five men of

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 5 I

company I, among whom were Jacob Clapper and N. Servoss, was
located at an angle in the line. A short distance to the left was a pit
containing a Confederate sharpshooter. It was dark and we were look-
ing at the flashesofthe enemy's guns, when a bullet from the sharpshoot-
er's rifle passed through Clapper's head, killing him instantly, wounding
Servoss in the shoulder and hit a third man standing near. All had
been watching the enemy's fire, to see the direction of their picket
line and position of their pits, when the missile struck them, causing
the three to fall at once. "

The foregoing accounts show what constant peril to
life and limb lay in wait for those who were patiently
urging the siege of Petersburg. The intrenchments and
breastworks built for their protection, did not afford
absolute safety against shot and shell. The men may
almost be said to have been under fire all the time, and
whether sleeping or waking, were liable to be struck by
the enemy's bullets, searching every part of our lines
for victims. An interesting and graphic account of the
situation before Petersburg and of what dangers
environed the troops, is given by General F. W. Bart-
lett. commanding the First Massachusetts brigade of
Leslie's division, ordered to assault the enemy's works
right after the mine explosion. General Bartlett, who
had lost a leg in the Peninsular campaign and had a
fine record as a gallant and chivalrous soldier, led his
brigade promptly at the word of command into the
crater opened by the explosion, where, fighting to the
last extremity, he was captured, with many of his com-
panions in arms. In a letter to his mother before this
mishap, he thus recounts an experience which was com-
mon to the besieging army :

"The brigade is in two lines of breastworks, lOO yards apart, in
the front of the enemy's works and within 200 yards, in some places.

l52

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Brigade headquarters are 250 yards in rear of second line. Division
headquarters, 200 yards in rear of brigade, so you see all are in easy-
musket range of the enemy. We are in pine woods, the trees not
very thick. The headquarters have to be protected by a stockade of
logs, against bullets which are constantly coming through here.
Four officers of the Fifty-seventh (Massachusetts,) have been hit
since I got here, one killed, three very badly wounded, in the sec-
ond line. Our stockade does not protect us against shells, which
fall in front and rear of us, but have not hit the headquarters yet.
Some fall way in the rear of division headquarters, and some near
corps headquarters, which are about one-fourth of a mile in rear of
division. A bullet goes whizzing over my tent every few minutes as
I write, and goes thud, into one of the trees near, with a sound, that
makes you think what a headache that would have given you, if your
head had been where the tree was. The bullets patter like rain at
times against the outside of this stockade of logs, the inside of which,
my elbow touches, as I write. It is a continual rattle of musketry,
sometimes swelling into a roar along the line, and varied with the
artillery and mortars. So you see, we are liable at any moment to
be struck, even while reading a paper or eating dinner. A bullet
went through Dr. Anderson's table, as he was eating breakfast this
morning. You must be prepared to hear the worst of me at any
time. It is wearing to body and mind, this being constantly under
fire. People at the North, who are enjoying themselves and thinking
of nothing but making money, little appreciate what this brave army
is enduring every day and every hour for them, and how much more
cheerful and hopeful they are than people at home. "

On October ist, the regiment moved with its brigade
to the Weldon railroad, taking up a position at the
extreme left of the Union lines. Here they remained
several days, engaged in skirmishing with the enemy,
one or two of whose slightly defended lines they suc-
ceeded in occupying, the One Hundred and Twentieth,
capturing a small fort at the right of the Confederate

• Palfrey's " Life of Bartlett," p. 112, 113.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 53

position, which was afterward named, Fort Tappan, in
honor of its commanding officer.*

All day of October 2d, the regiment lay within two
or three hundred yards of the Confederate works, with
no other protection than a few trees and certain ridges
on the surface of the ground. "Eight men were
wounded while in this position, among them. Captain
Snyder, of company C, always prompt and reliable, who
received a severe wound while trying to extend the
skirmish line across an open space. William O'Neal,
another stanch and tried soldier, who had been in the
field more than three years without hurt, had his right
arm taken off by a solid shot. James Kenyon, another
veteran, while aiming his piece, got a bullet up his sleeve
which ploughed a furrow nearly the length of his arm."

On the 5th, the regiment returned to its former
position in the trenches before Petersburg. The fol-
lowing extracts from the diary will explain the situation
of the regiment and some matters of particular interest
connected with it during the early days of October :

" October 6th. Colonel Tappan led us into a beautiful camp,
which had been the headquarters of General Gibbon. Here, at the
left of Fort Davis, we were kept till October 24th, for the purpose of
being available to reinforce any portion of the line which might be
menaced.

" October 8th. In the evening, there came to the regiment, 109
recruits, entirely unexpected by any one. This brought us up to the
number of a full regiment, on paper, although we only drew rations
for 540. Many of our men were absent on account of sickness and
wounds ; a number were prisoners of war, and some were rendering
faithful service in various detachments. The chaplain mentioned,

* See General Sharpe's ' ' Memorial Address in Honor of Colonel
Tappan," p. 15.

I 54 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

that since the last pay day, he had sent $21,000 home for the men,
while $10,000, making in all, four-fifths of the entire sum received,
had been sent in other ways. This was certainly an excellent
record.

' ' October 9th. Colonel Sharpe, from City Point, with a friend,
visited the regiment. Religious services were held, officers and men,
nearly all were present, and combined to carry on the singing well.
The band assisted at the beginning, and altogether, the service was a
very satisfactory one.

"October loth. The weather was very cold In the morning, the
ice was so thick, that a whole piece, taken from a wash basin, could
be held up without breaking. Most of the men had neither over-
coats nor blankets, and yet there was no complaint.

"October 13th. Four of our best men were wounded on the
murderous picket line. One of them, a brave, ingenuous boy of 18,
was shot through the body and died at night. Another young man,
had a great furrow ploughed through the right side of his brain by a
minie. He expressed great anxiety to live, not because afraid of
death, but that he might care for and comfort his mother, who was
largely dependent on him. His anxiety, however, did not aveit a
fatal termination, and he was soon numbered with the nation's dead
soldiers.

" How many similar affecting cases occurred throughout the
extended field during the war, and how greatly do they add to the
distresses inflicted by the grim conflict !

" Bui one of the saddest cases of blighted hopes just on the point
of being realized, was that of Sergeant Melville Hunt, who for three
years and four months, had shared all the fortunes of the old Army
of the Potomac, having been in every battle but one, from the
beginning of McClellan's campaign in the Peninsula, and excepting
a ten days' leave, never absent from his regiment. Now, for sufficient
reasons, he was about to return home, having received an honorable
discharge. On the eve of his departure from camp and comrades,
he had a desire to look once more upon the Confederate fortifications
and the spires of Petersburg, and with this view, strolled out to Fort
Sedgwick. Here, standing near an embrasure, which sheltered him,
as he supposed, from the enemy's observation, a sharpshooter's bullet
passed through his heart, killing him instantly."

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. I 55

Thus, with home and its endearments waiting to cheer
him in a day or two, after being long parted from them,
while doing faithful service for the country he loved,
the unexpected messenger comes to him, quenching
every bright earthly prospect, in his life-blood. Not
only as a brave soldier who had done his duty, but as a
Christian man, the swift summons found him ready for
it, but the incident is none the less affecting and impres-
sive.

This incident has been dwelt upon somewhat, not
because it is wholly singular in its type and surround-
ings, for other cases nearly similar, marked the progress
of the long conflict, but to show what risks to life, con-
stantly beset, the soldiers who were fighting for the
flag, not one of whom could count upon absolute
immunity from the shots that were ever hurtling through
the air, seeking for victims. We speak of those who
laid down their lives for the cause and hold their names
in abiding honor for the supreme sacrifice they made in
its behalf; but those who cheerfully exposed their lives
for the country, though they passed unscathed through
the flames of war, are well worthy to share the honor
accorded to their comrades who fell. A common spirit
and devotion animated both, and to both belongs a
rescued nation's meed of gratitude and praise.

Ralph Waldo Emerson, well expresses what is due
from the country to the soldiers who lived through the
conflict, as well as to those who died in it :

"The obelisk," he says, " records only the names of ihe dead.
There is something partial in this distribution of honor. Those who
went through those dreadful fields and returned not, deserve much
more than all the honor we can pay. But those also, who went

I 56 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

through the same fields and returned alive, put just as much at haz-
ard, as those who died, and, in other countries, would wear distinct-
ive badges of honor, as long as they lived. I hope the disuse of such
medals or badges in this country, only signifies, that everybody
knows these men, and carries their deed in such lively remembrance,
that they require no badge or reminder." *

The regiment moved on October 27th to the Weldon
railroad, bivouacking near the Yellow House. On the
27th it marched to the Boydton plank road, a short dis-
tance south of Hatcher's Run. Here it joined its
brigade, now commanded by Colonel Robert MacAllis-
ter, of the Eleventh New Jersey. The brigade was
placed in an open field east of the Boydton road, in
support of General Egan's division, which was prepar-
ing to take the high ground across the stream. As
these movements were preliminary to the battle of
Boydton Plank Road, in which the One Hundred and
Twentieth Regiment bore a prominent part, we will
have recourse to the diary for the details of this affair,
as related by one who participated in it, and is well
fitted to describe it :

"While in this position — the one above named — we were start-
led first by the rattle of musketry at our right, and then nearly in
our rear. A sudden and furious attack had been made on General
Pierce's brigade, who, thus assailed unexpectedly by an overwhelm-
ing force, fell back in disorder, leaving two cannon to fall into the
enemy's hands. Egan abandoned the projected assault against the
heights, faced about, and, assisted by our brigade and some other
troops, made a countercharge, retaking the guns General Pierce had
lost, and capturing about one thousand prisoners froip the enemy.
We soon found ourselves facing about south, in the direction from
which we had marched. A rain was falling, and without breast-

* Emerson's Address at Ded. Soldiers' Monument in Concord, April igth, 1867.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 57

works we were subjected to a severe fire of artiller)', which caused
serious results to the regiment. We moved forward a short distance
to the woods, where, with our hands and tin plates, we dug in the
ground to protect ourselves from the enemy's bullets, which seemed
to come from every direction. We were surrounded by the foe, and
the prospect was anything but agreeable. Late in the afternoon our
regiment and the Eleventh Massachusetts were ordered to charge the
enemy in front of us. We moved forward, capturing a number of
the pickets and driving their skirmish line before us. After getting
through the swamp we could see the enemy's forces rallying, and
they were soon advancing and pouring into our ranks such a stream
of musketry as to force us back to our position in the edge of the
woods, from which our volleys held them at bay. Captain James
Chambers and seven enlisted men were killed during the day, and
thirty-three members of the regiment were wounded and sixteen
missing. Lieutenant-Colonel Tappen's horse was killed by a solid
shot or shell as he stood by it, waiting for orders. About dusk we
heard a Union cheer in front of us. The enemy had been attacked
from the rear, and were soon compelled to withdraw, losing a num-
ber of prisoners. The bullets from the attacking columns whistled
over our heads, and we soon joined in the loud cheers that followed.
Our part in the battle of Boydton Plank Road, or the "Bull Ring,''
as it was called, was ended, and after dark, through the cold rain
and the mud, we commenced our march back toward the front of
Petersburg, and on October 31st we arrived once more at our old
quarters, the bomb proof camp near Fort Morton."

On the night of November 6th, the regiment was
roused from its sleep by a furions outburst of artillery
and musketry, seeming to come from their near vicinity.
Quickly forming into line, the men learned that the
enemy had taken a portion of the Union picket trenches,
near the Halifax Plank road, and that we were to go
forward and re-capture them. The shells were bursting
over their heads, the darkness lighted up with their
flashes, while mortars and cannon mingled, contributed

I 58 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. l^OLS.

with their mighty roar, to make night hideous with dis-
cordant sounds.

"The regiment moved rapidly forward and soon reached the
works in which the enemy were sheltered. Companies C, E and B.
sprang over the intrenchmenis, and with bayonets and clubbed
maskeis, forced about 50 of the Confederates to surrender, who were
sent to the rear as prisoners. Two of our number were killed and
seven wounded, in performing this energetic and skilful exploit, for
which, corps, division and brigade commanders, were pleased to
compliment the regiment."

The routine of camp experiences was pleasantly
varied on the 9th of November by the presentation of
a sword to Lieutenant Alonzo R. Cole by the company
with which he was associated. A similar mark of
regard was shown on the 1 9th by the members of com-
pany B for their Captain, Rodney B. Newkirk, who
became the recipient of an elegant sword. The pre-
sentation in both cases was made by Lieutenant- Colo-
nel Tappen in brief and appropriate terms, to which
the recipients of the swords made fitting replies. The
soldiers were much interested in the ceremonies,
expressing their good wishes for the officers thus hon-
ored, whose merits and character had commended them
as deserving of this distinction.

To have the remains of the soldiers dying in the
service of the country properly interred, and their
graves secured against desecration or against the neg-
lect that left them without mark or distinction of any
sort, is a matter in which every true heart feels a warm
interest. Wherever operations were carried on against
the enemy, valuable lives were laid down by men fight-
ing under the national flag. These men had gone forth

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 59

from Northern homes, leaving kindred behind them,
who, while yielding them up at their country's call,
followed them into the field with yearning for their safe
return, and with constant solicitude for their escape
from surrounding dangers. When tidings of the death
of these loved ones reached home, the stricken hearts
bowed to the stroke with what fortitude they might, but
the consolation was theirs that the life laid down was
in the service of the country, and this was a soothing
reflection. If to this were added the knowledge that
the dead kinsman's remains, instead of being thrown
aside as a worthless thing, were tenderly cared for,
received a soldier's burial with fitting respect, and with
a suitable memorial over the grave, it would solace
bereaved homes more than words can express. With
the view of having provision made for a suitable place
of burial for the Union deceased soldiers before and
around Petersburg, and for due honor to be paid to
their remains. Chaplain Hopkins, whose attention to
the interests and needs of the soldiers was unremitting,
addressed to the proper authorities a letter from which
we extract the following :

"Headquarters Oke Hundred and Twentieth N. Y. Vols., )

"November i8, 1864. j

"Adjutant : I beg leave respectfully to call attention to the fol-
lowing facts :

"Since the arrival of the army before Petersburg there have been
no places assigned for the burial of the dead, and there has been no
system followed in marking, numbering or recording the position of
the graves of the fallen. We accordingly find that the dead are scat-
tered here and there, buried in dooryards and gardens, along road-
sides, by water-courses and in the woods -^ wherever the lines of the
army have reached. From very many graves the slight head-boards

I 60 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

originally set up have been removed, and from many of the remain-
ing boards the letiering is wholly obliterated, while upon all of them
it is growing every day fainter. The storms of the coming winter
will render nameless nearly all the graves of the soldiers of the Union
who have fallen in front of Petersburg, thus putting it forever out of
the power of their friends to recover their remains, or of their coun-
try to mark their resting place."

After stating that a similar neglect in regard to
burial and to the preserving of inscriptions on tablets,
prevailed also about hospitals, so many of whose
inmates were constantly borne to the grave, the chap-
lain adds :

" I therefore have the honor to ask that the attention of the proper
authorities be called to this whole subject, and I would respectfully
suggest that the sites for one or more cemeteries be at once selected ;
that the bodies of all United States soldiers who have been killed, or
who have died since the occupation of the present line, be removed
to such place or places as shall be chosen, and that hereafter, during
the present military operations, it be ordered that no interments of
bodies of soldiers be made elsewhere."

This application, sent through Adjutant Russell,
received a few days after, a favorable reply, in a circular
order, from Major General Doubleday, the commander
of the corps, a part of which is in these words :

"Commanding officers within the corps are directed to have all
burial grounds strongly fenced in, the topmost rail to be mortised or
pinioned. Inscriptions upon the head-boards will show distinctly
the name, rank, company, regiment, and date of death of the
deceased. * * * Application will be made to the commander
of the array for authority to disinter the isolated bodies of deceased
soldiers of the command, in order that they may be reinterred in the
burial ground of the division to which they belonged, and that
proper head-boards and inscriptions may be placed over their graves. "

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

i6i

This shows becoming respect, not only for our dead
soldiers, but for the sentiment of the country in regard
to the reverential treatment of the remains of those who
fell in its defense. This sentiment has found beautiful
expression and on a large scale, in the erection of
national cemeteries all over the land, where battles
were fought and Union soldiers laid down their lives.
The government has taken these cemeteries under its
own care, gathering into them the remains of its brave
defenders, wherever they could be found, and by the
tender and assiduous guardianship which it continues
to exercise over them, showing how highly it honors
the dust of the men whose strong arms saved it from
overthrow and ruin.

11

CHAPTER XVI.

GENERALS HANCOCK AND HUMPHREYS — THE MURDEROUS PICKET-LINE

INCESSANT FIRING — COLONEL TAPPEN TAKES LEAVE OF THE REGIMENT

AFFECTING ADIEU THE WELDON RAID — INCIDENTS OF IT BY PARTIES

WHO WERE THERE EXCESSES BY SOLDIERS IN AN ENEMY's COUNTRY

NOT ALWAYS AVOIDABLE WHAT GENERAL SHERMAN SAYS CHAPLAIN

HOPKINS* REPORT THE AFFAIR AT HATCHER'S RUN HUMPHREY'S

EXPERIENCE BEFORE PETERSBURG — WINTER QUARTERS.

On the 26th of November, General Hancock resigned
the command of the Second Corps. He had been
selected to organize the First Army Corps of veterans,
making his headquarters at Washington, where, in the
prosecution of this work, he remained till February,
1 865. His military record during the war, illustrates
the history of the Union army. He was one of the
most prominent figures in all the great battles which
that army fought, notably that of Gettysburg, whose
successful result was largely due to his foresight, readi-
ness to meet emergencies, skilful dispositions and
indomitable energy. The soldiers he had commanded,
found it hard to part with one so trusted and loved, and
who had stood by them so long and stanchly, in unto-
ward, as in prosperous times.

The corps, however, was fortunate in having General
A. A. Humphreys succeed to the command. The
position he had held as chief of staff of the Army of the
Potomac, was due to his high character and military
ability. And since a change in commanders was

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. I 63

necessary, the corps might well felicitate itself, that one
so skilful and experienced, and so well qualified for
the post, as General Humphreys, was to lead it hence-
forth to victory.

The 29th of November, was the last day that the One
Hundred and Twentieth occupied its bomb-proof camp,
which, for so many weeks, had been a target for the
enemy's shower of missiles. That these lavish favors
were not received without acknowledgment, but met with
a return in kind, appears from the fact, that the picket
detail of one hundred men, had for weeks, expended each
day, ten thousand rounds of ammunition. This indicates
the spirited and almost constant firing kept up by the men
in this hazardous position, casualties in wounds received,
sometimes fatal, being no uncommon occurrence. Leav-
ing this ground, the regiment moved toward the left,
via the " Yellow House," to a new camping ground
near Poplar Grove church, where preparations were
made for building tenements, which were to serve, it
was thought, as winter quarters. This expectation, as
events showed, was not fulfilled, the time for winter
quarters, implying cessation from aggressive field service,
being not yet come, but lying somewhere indefinitely in
the future. The regiment had work to do of an import-
ant kind to the Union interests, and as usual, stood
prompt and ready at the word of command to do it.
The character of this work will presently appear.

Meanwhile Lieutenant Colonel Tappen, for control-
ling personal reasons, resigned command of the regi-
ment, to the great regret of its officers and men. On
December 3d, he met the men of his command, the
sharers in many a conflict and hardship, to bid them

I 64 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

farewell. The scene must have been an affecting one,
as described by a member of the regiment : — " We were
formed in line of battle to listen to his parting words.
Sorrow and regret were depicted on every face, for we
had felt the inspiration of his presence amid many
scenes of danger and suffering and on many a tiresome
march. His patriotism, ability and loyalty to duty, had
been tried in the fires of battle and had thoroughly
stood the test, and this day of his leave-taking, seemed
to us, a ' funeral day.' Colonel Tappen attempted to
make an address, but could only say with a choking

voice, ' I suppose you all understand good bye boys,

God bless you all,' when, waving his hand, with a heart
too full for utterance, he hastily retreated to his tent."
In an official letter of Chaplain Hopkins, concerning the
affairs of the regiment, written during this month, is the
following tribute to this respected officer.

" The opening of the month was signalized by the retirement of
Colonel J. R. Tappen, from the command of the regiment After
more than three years of faithful and distinguished service, he has
gone back to civil life. His departure was universally deplored, and
the scene of his leave-taking was one of tender and affecting interest,
such as can be enacted only, when a tried and loved commander is
finally separated from veteran soldiers, whose toils and dangers he
has shared."

The log houses which the members of the regiment
had completed on the 6th of December, for their winter
quarters, supposing that they were to find some rest and
comfort within them during the wintry months, it was
found necessary to abandon, just as their labors in con-
structing them seemed happily ended. For at daybreak,
on the morning of the 7th, they set forth, under orders,

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 65

on an expedition that was afterwards known as the
"Weldon Raid." The expedition was in command of
General Warren, and consisted of troops of the Fifth
Corps, with Mott's division of the Second and Gregg's
division of cavalry. Its object was to break up the
Weldon railroad, which was very important to the Con-
federates, as an avenue for conveying supplies from the
country south, to Petersburg and Richmond. The regi-
ment marched rapidly for a distance of twenty miles,
and bivouacked about four miles beyond the Nottoway
river. The men found the march a wearisome one,
laden as they were with blankets and clothing for the
winter, in addition to six days' rations and ammunition,
the unusual burden, with the long march, causing many
men to fall out of the ranks. The march was continued
the next day, opening a new scene for the soldiers, and
marked by certain incidents, which are fittingly told in
the following extract from the diary.

"We passed many fine residences and plantations, the country
not having been devastated by the army. We went through the village
of Sussex Court House, halting for the night, within two miles of the
Weldon railroad. The country through which we marched offered
fine opportunities for foraging, and many of the men ' confiscated '
sweet potatoes, poultry, pigs and lambs. Some discovered in the'
farm houses, barrels of molasses, frpm which they filled their canteens
and others found, stowed away in the cellars, casks of apple brandy,
to which they helped' themselves, and under its influence, forgot their
hardships and passed a merry night. We saw many white women
and children during the day, whose scornful glances told of the feel-
ing they entertained toward 'Yankee soldiers,' while the colored
people seemed pleased to see the 'Stars and Stripes,' heralding the
better day coming to themselves. We arrived at Jarrett's Station, on
the afternoon of December 9th, and at once commenced tearing up
the tracks. Forming in line along the road, we took hold of the

1 66

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

ties and rails, and with liftings and shouts, turned them upside down.
Great fires were built of the ties, and the rails were laid across them
and heated so that they would bend and twist and be wholly unfitted
for further service as rails. Three times we thus destroyed portions
of the road the length of our line. Late at night, having done all
that was required of us, we, with the Fifth Corps, after destroying
about twenty miles of railroad, commenced our return toward Peters-
burg. On December loth, we passed three of our men who had
been murdered and stripped of clothing. The deed was supposed to
have been committed by people living along our line of march. In
accordance with General Warren's orders, every building near our
route was set on fire in retaliation. Smoke and flame could soon be
seen in every direction, and when night came, the scene was awfully
grand.

"Sunday, December nth. The march and the burning of
buildings continued. A church standing near the road met the
same fate as other structures, though some of the men protested and
did all they could to save it from the flames. We passed a bitter
cold night sleeping on the ground without tents.

' ' December 12 th. We reached the Yellow House, having marched,
since we started on the raid, a distance of one hundred miles. We
were not allowed to occupy the quarters which we had built, and slept
in only one night, after being finished.

"We 'took lodgings,' December 13th, on our new camping
ground, near the Halifax road, where we were ' only to make our-
selves comfortable,' a hint, that we were not expected to remain there
in winter quarters. "

The foregoing depicts some of the horrors of war, in
pillaging, burning and destroying property, in an enemy's
country, a thing perpetrated on a wide scale over the
land while the conflict lasted. Some of the wasting and
destruction was wanton, but that is hardly avoidable,
when the " dogs of war," are fairly let loose. One is
reminded of General Sherman's words in his famous
letter to the Atlanta authorities, who besought him to
countermand his order sending away the citizens from

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 67

the place, after its possession by the Union army.
" War is cruelty," he says, " and you cannot refine it ;
and those who brought war into our country deserve all
the maledictions a people can pour out. You might as
well appeal against the thunder-storm as against these
terrible hardships of war ; they are inevitable * * *
We don't want your negroes, or your horses, or your
houses, or anything you have, but we do want, and will
have, a just obedience to the laws of the United States.
That we will have, and if it involves the destruction of
your improvements, we cannot help it."

The army of General Sherman, in its march through
Georgia, illustrated the unavoidable havoc and ruin
which attend upon the footsteps of war, the " destruction
of improvements," with the view of strengthening the
Union interests and weakening those of the adversary,
being one of its prominent factors, and justified by the
necessity of the case. Our soldiers in Virginia, in
breaking up railroads, acted simply as their comrades
did elsewhere, striking blows, wherever possible, to
injure the enemy and break down his power of resist-
ance, and bring back peace by compelling obedience to
the orovernment and laws.

In Chaplain Hopkins' report for December, reference
is made to the operations of the regiment during this
raid upon the Weldon railroad, with some strictures
upon the conduct of those soldiers who manifested inor-
dinate zeal in carrying on the work of destruction.
There are other matters in the report, of interest to the
regiment, relating to its numbers at this period, the
changes in it, the hardships and exposures of its mem-
bers and its general condition, which warrant the inser-
tion of some extracts that follow :

1 68 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

"Divine service was held on two Sabbaths of the month. On one
of the remaining, the weather rendered it impracticable, and dur-
ing the others we were marching. Religious meetings of a social
character, have, on two or three occasions been held. The attend-
ance on all was creditable, though a large class absent themselves
entirely. The morals of the regiment have deteriorated in some
respects, particularly manifested in irreverence toward religious things.
The day and the name of God are not honored as formerly. The
vice of profanity has become alarmingly and vulgarly prevalent."

The Chaplain's experience, is that of many others,
who, during the war, held similar relations to regiments
in the field. The nature of a soldier's work, the scenes,
surroundings and privations of camp life, the being shut
out for months from home society with its restraining
and elevating influences, are not favorable conditions
for awakening religious sentiments, or for strengthening
them where they existed, or even for keeping them
fresh and unalloyed. This forms another and a strong
count in the catalogue of evils growing out of wars,
from which every nation needs to pray for deliverance,
as from famine and pestilence, which are scarcely greater
calamities. The report goes on further to state :

"There have been no deaths (during December, )with the regi-
ment. Two have died from' wounds and two from disease in hos-
pitals. The whole number present for duty is 442, twenty-five held
by the enemy as prisoners, have been exchanged out of the no cap-
tured, October i6th, 1863, at James City, Va. So far as we have
learned, 32 of the original number have died.

"There have been seven promotions during the month, three of
them from the ranks. "

• The names of those promoted will be found in the Appendix with all changes
by promotion or otherwise, in the regiment, from the time of its leaving home till
the close of the war, together with the deaths or casualties which befel it, their time
and place, as far as can be ascertained.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 69

After recounting the setting forth of the regiment on
its expedition to break up the Weldon railroad, which
has been given above, the report continues :

"This expedition consumed six days full of hardship, and was
altogether an experience tending to destroy the discipline and morale
of an army. No special order having been issued against pillaging
and the devastation to private property, there v?as from the first much
straggling for these purposes. On the second and third day, this
was carried to a shameful extent, every house within sight and some
far beyond, being visited by both infantry and cavalry. Men who
had thrown away their knapsacks, appeared in the column, laden
with household furniture, chairs, clocks, china etc; and with other
stolen articles, not only of men's but of women's clothing, and
paraded them. Although the troops were amply provided with food,
houses were ransacked and stripped of everything eatable, while
women and children wept their protestation. "

On the return of the troops after accomplishing the
destruction of the railroad, as before mentioned, the
sight of their comrades lying murdered and stripped by
the roadside, so exasperated the soldiers, that they con-
tinued to burn and devastate everything lying along the
track of their march. Referring to the murdered men,
who, straggling in the rear, had been set upon by the
inhabitants, the report remarks :

"Such savage atrocity cannot be too severely punished; but a
wholesale and terrible retaliation visited, for the most part, upon
the innocent and helpless, for acts, which, wicked as they were,
were incited by the wanton outrages of our own men, could not but
be a bad lesson in morals to the troops. ''

Though the truth conveyed in this reflection, is such,
as no upright and humane person can well dispute, the
" powers " in command, were not quite satisfied with its

I 70 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS.

expression under the circumstances. The report was
" respectfully returned " from headquarters, with an
admonition to the chaplain, to " confine his reports to
the moral condition and general history of the regi-
ment," and not comment upon the operations, nor upon
the conduct of the troops. The corps commander, how-
ever, marks his disapproval of the licenses committed by
the soldiers on their recent expedition, by adding this :
" If the statement that he makes concerning the con-
duct of the regiment and the troops be correct, it is
greatly discreditable to them and especially to their
officers. If any case of pillaging or destruction of
property is known to the commanders, the offender
should be brought before a court."

The regiment having returned to the ground where
it had expected to pass the winter, in quarters adapted
to the requirements of the season, was soon busied, in
connection with the Eleventh New Jersey, in erecting a
log chapel, which they hoped to have completed by the
opening of the new year. The work was carried for-
ward with spirit and energy, and finished a little later
than the time reckoned on, and duly opened for relig-
ious uses. Considerate ladies from the North, furnished
it with books, maps, papers and magazines, calculated
not only to relieve the monotony of camp life, but to
minister to the moral and mental well-being of the sol-
diers, whose leisure hours were thus agreeably and
profitably employed. The benefits flowing from this
source continued to be enjoyed without interruption till
February 4th, when an order to pack up and be ready
to march was received, another expedition being con-
templated and on the verge of setting forth. The object

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. l"] I

this time, was to break up the Confederate route of sup-
ply, by a movement on Dinwiddie Court House.
Gregg's cavalry led the movement, followed by the Fifth
Corps and two divisions of the Second Corps, com-
manded by Generals Smyth and Mott, and marched to
the crossing of Vaughan Road, over Hatcher's Run and
to Crawford's Mill. Mott's division was put in position
on the south side of the run, and General Smyth's
established on the north side, at Armstrong's Mill,
communication being- maintained with Warren's Fifth
Corps, four miles distant. The intrenched lines of the
enemy were established a thousand yards in front, his
left covered by woods. The One Hundred and Twen-
tieth New York and the Eighth New Jersey, formed
the extreme left of the Union line. The attack of the
enemy began about five p. m., the engagement lasting
upwards of two hours, and urged for a part of the time,
with great spirit and resolution. The attack was
repelled at all points, the enemy falling back to their
intrenchments, and the fighting on this part of the line
was over, no considerable losses on our part having
been sustained. Warren's Corps was more heavily
engaged, and in an attack made upon it, on the 6th, by
the enemy's whole line, consisting of parts of Hill's and
Gordon's Corps, in spite of the exertions of the leading
officers and the good conduct of many of the men, his
line gave way and fell back. He puts his total loss,
including the cavalry, at r,i65, killed and wounded, and
that of the Second Corps, at 138, showing that the
brunt of these several engagements fell upon his own
corps. Referring to the character of the service ren-
dered by our troops while holding the lines before Rich-

172 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

mond, with the desultory fighting often witnessed, Gen-
eral Humphreys says :

"During the whole period of our partial investment of Petersburg
and Richmond, there were frequent affairs on the picket lines,
especially in front of the Petersburg intrenchments, where the affair,
sometimes, became of a serions character, drawing into it brigades,
sometimes a division. Some of these encounters occurred at points
where the lines were so close as to cause apprehension of a success-
ful night attack, and hence, the effort to force back the pickets.
These attacks gave occasion for the exhibition of dexterity and daring
on both sides, but did not result in any appreciable modification of
the lines. The loss they entailed in killed and wounded, was by no
means trifling."

But this kind of warfare, with the risks, uncertanties
and inevitable trials attendant upon it, was rapidly
approaching its end. The winter months were gliding
by, and the spring was near which was to witness the
final struggles and collapse of the Confederacy. By the
loth of February, the regiment had returned to its
former camping-ground, and soon found itself in snug
winter quarters, where it remained till the 2 5th of
March. During this interval, their new flag arrived at
headquarters, inscribed with the names of sixteen battles
in which the regiment had participated. When the sol-
diers of the One Hundred ana Twentieth left their
quarters again, it was to follow in the track of Lee's
retreating army, witness its surrender and share in the
universal acclamations which that long-looked-for event
occasioned.

* Virginia Campaign of 1864 and 1865.

CHAPTER XVII.

THE END DRAWING NIGH — LEE PURPOSING A RETREAT — GRANT'S MEAS-
URES FOR PURSUIT — CAPTURE AND RECAPTURE OF FORT STEADMAN

WHITE OAK STATION AND DINWIDDIE COURT HOUSE FIVE FORKS AND

SHERIDAN— LEe's RETREAT — RICHMOND TAKEN PETERSBURG EVACU-
ATED PURSUIT OF CONFEDERATE ARMY PART TAKEN IN IT BY THE ONE

HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH REGIMENT LEWIS' MEMORANDA — AN ARM-
ISTICE PROPOSED — MEETING OF GRANT AND LEE AT APPOMATTOX

grant's ACCOUNT OF IT ^TERMS OFFERED AND ACCEPTED — INCIDENTS

OF THE SURRENDER THE SOLDIERS JUBILANT THE WAR ENDED.

The operations of the Union army before Petersburg
and Richmond were steadily nearing a successful issue.
Indications that Lee must soon abandon his intrench-
ments before these cities had become more and more
apparent as the folds of the besieging anaconda were
gradually tightening around them. Early in March, in
a conference between Lee and the Richmond authori-
ties, it was determined that as soon as the roads would
permit, the Army of Northern Virginia should move to
Danville, and, uniting with that of Johnston, attack
Sherman, whom they hoped with their united forces, to
overthrow. General Grant, aware of this purpose of
the Confederate leader, took prompt measures to
thwart it by preparing his army for immediate piirsuit
as soon as Lee should begin his retreat. Accordingly
he issued orders on the 24th of March for a movement
of the armies operating against Richmond, to begin on
the 29th. The movement was to be to the left, with a

174 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

view to destroy the Danville and South Side railroad,
turn Lee's right, force him to abandon his intrench-
ments, and thus, with his army in flight, to pursue him
with a force that must speedily effect his defeat and cap-
ture.

While these designs were maturing, Lee found it
desirable to make an assault against Fort Steadman, the
capture of which would facilitate his withdrawal, at the
proper time, from his present lines. At this fort the
opposing lines were only one hundred and fifty yards
apart, and to gain possession of it Lee conceived would
be of great advantage to him in his future operations.
The assault was accordingly made by General Gordon's
corps, with portions of Hill's and Longstreefs corps,
embracing nearly half of the Confederate army. The
attack took place at half-past 4 on the morning of the
2 5th, and was so sudden and vigorous that Fort Stead-
man was captured, with most of its garrison, and
several batteries in its vicinity.

The enemy's possession of these works was, however,
short-lived. General Parke directed Wilcox, with the
aid of Hartranft, and Tidball's artillery, to recapture the
works, which was effected in the most gallant manner
by the troops under command of these officers. The
holding of this fort by the Union troops, after its com-
ing back into their hands, was not likely again to be
contested, and Lee's hopes of benefit from its capture
were thus sorely disappointed. His loss in prisoners
by this Union success was nearly 2,000, including 71
officers, with nine stands of colors. In fact, every
movement made by the enemy, as every operation of
our forces against him, in these last days of the mighty

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 175

conflict, brought Confederate loss and disaster along
with it, and pointed to the rapidly waning strength of
the rebel army and the certainty of its speedy and utter
collapse.

At White Oak Station and at Dinwiddie Court
House, on the 31st of March and April ist, actions
took place between the opposing forces, with success
for the Union troops, many prisoners being captured
from the enemy. At Five Forks, where the enemy
was strongly intrenched in force, a battle occurred on
April ist, a signal success being gained by the Union
forces under General Sheridan. He commanded, in
addition to his strong force of cavalry, the Fifth Corps,
and with these troops he carried the enemy's intrench-
ments, capturing 6,000 prisoners, besides artillery and
large quantities of small arms. The enemy fled and
scattered in all directions, and in the vigorous pursuit
which followed, other serious Confederate losses were
sustained.

Following closely in the wake of these important suc-
cesses was the assault, on the 2d of April, by order of
Grant, upon Lee's intrenchments, which proved no
more able to withstand the mighty impact of the Union
forces than were those last carried at Five Forks. The
three divisions of General Wright's Sixth Corps
advanced at early dawn to the attack, broke over the
enemy's picket line, and, under a heavy artillery and
musketry fire, poured in masses over the main defenses.
Nothing was able to resist the momentum and impetu-
osity of this assault, and in a brief time the works were
gained.

After his intrenchments were thus carried, Lee at

176 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

once notified the Confederate authorities that he would
be compelled to abandon his lines during the following
night, his retreat involving, of course, the fall of Rich-
mond. The defenses before Petersburg had been
assailed on the same day by troops under Generals
Ord, Humphreys and Parke, and with the same signal
success. The lines of the enemy were captured, includ-
ing Forts Gregg and Whitworth — the former after a
desperate resistance, involving much loss to the assail-
ants — and the result was the evacuation of Petersburg
on the night of the 2d, anticipating a bombardment of
the place which was ordered to commence at five o'clock
the next morning. In a letter written to City Point by
General Grant on the 2d, just before the city was aban-
doned, he speaks of the captures by the Union army
in this playful vein, not usual to him, but indicating his
satisfaction with what was then occurring : " The whole
captures since the army started out gunning will amount
to no less than 12,000 men and probably 5o pieces
of artillery." The capture of Richmond was almost
simultaneous with that of Petersburg. The Con-
federate government left the former city about two
p. M. of the 2d, and at 8.1 5 on the morning of the 5d,
at the same time that Generals Grant and Meade
entered Petersburg, General Weitzel took possession of
Richmond. The Confederate capital, which had for so
long a time baffled all efforts to capture it, to the attain-
ment of which end so many thousands of lives had been
sacrificed, was at last in Union hands, while the rem-
nant of the gallant army which had stood for so many
months as the city's bulwark against all assailants was
in full retreat before its victorious adversary.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ij"/

While these operations, which were effecting such
significant changes in the situation and prospects of
the two armies, were in progress, the One Hundred
and Twentieth Regiment had its own part to perform in
the stirring events that every day was developing.
From the 2 5th of March, till the 2d of April, when
Richmond became ours, and for the days following, till
the surrender of Lee's army, the regiment had its full
share in helping forward the great work so soon to be
crowned with success. Some extracts from Mr. Lewis'
notes referring to this period, and the service rendered
by the regiment during the closing days of the war, will
be read with interest. Referring to the severe struggle
at Fort Steadman, resulting in its recapture by the
Union forces, on the 2 5th of March, the record thus
continues :

"From our position on the left, we heard the sounds of battle
about Fort Steadman, and at an early hour, received orders to
'strike tents,' 'baggage to be sent to the rear.' We formed in
front of the breastworks and advanced toward the enemy's intrench-
ments, the object being to feel their strength. We were soon sub-
jected to a galling fire of both musketry and artillery, and the result
to our regiment, of the day's operations, was six killed, thirty-two
wounded and forty-six missing, total loss, eighty-four. Among the
severely wounded, and prisoners of the regiment, was Ellis H. Bishop,
of Rondout He was struck in the eye by a minie, which came out
of the back of his head. His comrade, thinking him dead, left him
to fall into the hands of the enemy. We returned to our old quarters
at night. Received marching orders on the 28th, and on the 29th
marched to the lelt across Hatcher's Run, about three miles, and at 1 1
A. M., formed in line of battle and still advancing, arrived about dusk,
at a line of the enemy's deserted entrenchments.

"March 30th. Advanced in line of battle, halting about noon,
and began constructing a new line of works opposite one of the
enemy's batteries. In the night the regiment marched farther to the

13

I 78 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

left and massed on the site of the historical ' Bull Ring,' near the
scene of our engagement October 27th, 1864.

"March 31st. Firing was heard on our right. General Grant's
headquarters were near us. He rode over an open field close by,
and was cheered by the men and fired at by the Confederate artil-
lery. Our corps commander, General Humphreys, tried the same
thing, and his Adjutant-General, who was right behind him, was
killed by a solid shot from one of the enemy's guns.

' ' In the afternoon we were ordered to pile our knapsacks, and
then we moved forward, in line of battle. We advanced through the
woods to the brow of a hill, at whose base was Hatcher's Run,
beyond which, on a ridge, were the enemy's intrenchments, with a
ditch in their front. At the command ' Forward ! ' we made our
way down the hill, under a brisk fire of musketry, reached and
crossed the stream, charged up the ridge till we came to the ditch,
where we halted ; returned the enemy's fire, till a heavy enfilading fire
from the left and rear, necessitated the order to fall back. Our loss
was one killed, 16 wounded and 32 prisoners.

"April 2d. Our brigade took possession of the enemy's intrench-
ments in front of the division, and soon all the Confederate works
south cif Hatcher's Run were occupied by the Second Corps. Their
line defending the South Side railroad was broken. The regiment
marched up the Boydton plank road and massed within three miles
of Petersburg, after which we took a new position, with the Appo-
mattox on our left and Petersburg in front.

"April 3. Early in the morning word was received that Petersburg
was in possession of our troops, that Richmond was evacuated, and
Lee's army retreating. There was great rejoicing. We in a moment
forgot our privations and one continuous hurrah resounded along
our line. But there was little time for joyous demonstrations, and
we immediately started in pursuit of our fleeing foes. We crossed
the South Side railroad and met a battalion of Confederate prisoners.
We formed a junction with Sheridan's command, a body of whom
met us with bands playing lively airs. We soon continued our
march westward toward Burkesville, passing through the finest coun-
try we had been in in Virginia. Prisoners were being picked up all
the way, and from time to time we would pass abandoned caissons,
wagons, etc. We continued our march till after 9 o'clock, halting
in a field, for the night."

O.VE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. I 79

The regiment continued to advance in line of battle
in joint pursuit of Lee's retreating army, on the 4th,
5th and 6th days of April, meeting all along with
evidences of the demoralized condition of the enemy's
forces, all pointing to the hour of their surrender, as
being just at hand. On the 5th, they passed 700 Con-
federate prisoners who had been captured by the Union
cavalry the night before. In the afternoon, the regi-
ment approached Jetersville, a station on the Richmond
and Danville railroad, not far from Amelia Court House,
near which Lee's army was then supposed to have
arrived.

In their march on the 6th, the One Hundred and
Twentieth came in sight of a wagon train of the enemy,
which by dextrous management they succeeded in cap-
turing, and then appropriating such of its contents as
the fancy or the needs of the soldiers led them to desire.
On their march on the 7th the regiment had the pleas-
ure of greeting General Sheridan as he passed by. The
General was in excellent spirits, and had a pleasant
word for any who addressed him, saying how the
enemy had been and was being beaten, and what num-
bers of prisoners, wagons and arms had been taken.
In the evening the regiment was well up with the
retreating army. The men were placed in line of bat-
tle, and on the alert for any alarm that might come, or
order that might reach them to put forth further exer-
tions. On their right a fight was in progress, the
sounds of which fell upon their ears, while the wounded
were borne past them to receive fitting shelter and
attention in the rear. Two days only remained before
the war should end in Lee's giving up the contest, and

I 80 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

how these days were passed by the regiment may be
most suitably told in the words of the diary :

"April 8th. We found the Confederate works at Farmville evacu-
ated, and continued the pursuit, but were soon halted to wait for
orders. With the column we moved again, and passed through a
small hamlet, when companies G and H were sent out on a foraging
expedition. They found plenty of ham, pork, flour and meal,
which were dealt out to the regiment. As the column was moving
a flag of truce was seen some distance ahead on the road, and at the
edge of a wood toward which we were advancing. We halted for a
rest, after which we marched until 3 o'clock at night.

"Sunday, April 9th. We packed up at 7 o'clock in the morning.
Musketry and artillery were heard on our left. After we were under
way we marched until near i o'clock p. m., when we moved a short
distance from the road into an open field, where, with other large
bodies of troops, we were massed, and after stacking arms we were
told that there would be a suspension of hostilities for two hours.
We learned that Generals Grant and Meade, accompanied by their
staffs, had gone out to the front to meet General Lee. We all felt
that something unusual was about to happen, but yet could hardly
make ourselves believe that the end of the war was so near. It was
about 4 o'clock p. m. when General Meade was seen approaching,
with his face lit up with a smile as we had never seen it before. He
soon informed us that Lee had surrendered. No pen or tongue can
properly describe the scene that followed. Some wept for joy.
Speeches were made, flags waved, bands played, cannon boomed,
and for a long time the air was filled with knapsacks, canteens, coats,
caps, tin cups, coffee kettles and blankets, while mingled cheers set-
tled into one long, continuous roar. We can never forget the joy
of that hour. Our many disappointments, long and wearisome
marches, exposures and sacrifices seemed all to shrink away into
nothingness in the blaze of the present triumph. The losses looked
trifling compared with the splendid gain now secured. The princi-
ples for which we had fought and endured so many hardships had
prevailed at last. The war for the Union was virtually ended, and
God had given us the victory."

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

i8i

We enter heartily into the raptures of the Union sol-
diers as set forth in the foregoing lively description.
The great event which had taken place was fully ade-
quate to produce such outbursts of joy. It meant for
the soldiers a final termination to all the hardships,
perils, sufferings of every kind, belonging to service in
the field. It meant a speedy return to their homes, and
to the loved ones who were yearning to greet them and
rejoice with them in a reunion long looked forward to
with hope, mingled with fears that it might never be
realized. It meant the restoration of peace to a dis-
tracted country, which for four years had been agitated
from centre to circumference with the raging storms
that threatened its destruction, and seemed beyond all
human power to control. And more than all, it meant
safety to the Union, no part of which, long and obsti-
nate as the conflict had been, had been torn away from
its firm fastenings, to mar its beauty and impair its
strength. All that the loyal heart loved in the country
and its institutions had been preserved intact, as the
precious fruit of these soldiers' toils and sacrifices, with
the priceless gain added thereto of the blotting out for-
ever of the stain of slavery from the nation's escutcheon,
thus making us a free nation in fact, as hitherto we had
been such only in name. Well might the soldiers
rejoice and make the welkin ring with their jubilant
acclamations, with such results, present and prospective,
secured to them by the announcement that Victory had
come and the war was ended !

It needs not to trace in detail the movements of Lee's
army for each day from April 2d, when its retreat began,
till the 9th, when its surrender took place at Appomat-

I 82 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

tox. Most readers are familiar with the story, which is
outlined with sufficient distinctness in the narrative
given above. The surrender, however, has such his-
toric importance, and the circumstances attending it are
so interesting, that a brief reference to the closing nego-
tiations, with the written terms offered by General
Grant and their acceptance by General Lee, will not be
deemed amiss by any reader who may have followed
the narrative to the present stage. As illustrating the
modest and generous nature of the illustrious leader
who had conducted the war to its triumphant close, the
record is specially attractive, and will lose none of its
charm by frequent perusal.

The two Generals met by agreement at the house of
Mr. McLean, on April 9th, with the view of completing
arrangements for the surrender of the Army of Vir-
ginia. General Grant, in his " Personal Memoirs,"
gives the following account of the interview, with its
results :

"General Lee was dressed in a full uniform, which was entirely
new, and was wearing a sword of considerable value, very likely the
sword which had been presented by the State of Virginia ; at all
events it was an entirely different sword fiom the one that would
ordinarily be worn in the field. In my rough traveling suit, the uni-
form of a private, with the straps of a lieutenant general, I must have
contrasted very strangely with a man so handsomely dressed, six feet
high and of faultless form. But this was not a matter that I thought
of till afterwards.

"We soon fell into conversation about old army times. He
remarked that he remembered me very well in the old army ; and I
told him that as a matter of course I remembered him perfectly, but
from the difference in our rank and years (there being about sixteen
years' difference in our ages) I had thought it very likely I had not
attracted his attention sufficiently to be remembered by him after such

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. I 83

along interval. Our conversation grew so pleasant -that I almost
forgot the object of our meeting. After the conversation had run on
in this style for some time, General Lee called my attention to the
object of our meeting, and said that he had asked for this interview
for the purpose of getting from me the terms I proposed to give his
army. I said that I meant merely that his army should lay down
their arms, not to take them up again during the continuance of the
war unless duly and properly exchanged. He said that he had so
understood my letter."

Then after some further conversation, on topics not
connected with the business in hand, General Lee sug-
gested that the terms proposed for the surrender should
be written out ; whereupon General Grant took up his
pen and wrote the following :

"Appomattox C. H., Va., April gth, 1865.
"Gen. R. E. Lee,

Comdg C. S. A.

" Gen. : In accordance with the substance of my letter to you, of
the 8th Inst. , I propose to receive the surrender of the Army of N.
Va. on the following terms, to wit : Rolls of all the officers and men
to be made in duplicate. One copy to be given to an officer desig-
nated by me, the other to be retained by such officer or officers as
you may designate. The officers to give their individual paroles not
to take up arms against the Government of the United States until
properly exchanged, and each company and regimental commander
to sign a like parole for the men of their commands. The arms,
artillery and public property to be parked and stacked, and turned
over to the officer appointed by me to receive them. This will not
embrace the side arms of the officers, nor their private horses or bag-
gage. This done, each 'officer and man will be allowed to return to
their homes, not to be disturbed by United States authority so long
as they observe their paroles and the laws in force where they may

reside.

"Very Respectfully,

"U. S. GRANT,

"Z/. Gen."

1 84 ONB HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS.

These terms met with the ready assent of General
Lee, as from their Uberal character they could hardly
fail to do, and he seemed to have regarded them as
generous, from what appears in this statement by Gen-
eral Grant : " When he read over that part of the terms
about side arms, horses and private property of ofificers,
he remarked, with some feeling, I thought, that this
would have a happy effect upon his army." But Gen-
eral Grant's generosity did not end here. He made
another concession, which breathed the soul of kindli-
ness and magnanimity toward the defeated, and which,
might well touch, as it doubtless did, Lee's tender sen-
sibilities, as it challenges the approval of every generous
heart. This concession is given in General Grant's
simple and expressive words :

" I then said to him that I thought this would be about the last
battle of the war — I sincerely hoped so ; and I said further, I took
it that most of the men in the ranks were small farmers. The whole
country had been so raided by the two armies that it was doubtful
whether they would be able to put in a crop to carry themselves and
their families through the next Winter without the aid of the horses-
they were then riding. The United States did not want them, and
I would, therefore, instruct the officers I left behind to receive the
parole of his troops, to let every man of the Confederate army who
claimed to own a horse or mule take the animal to his own home.
Lee remarked again that this would have a happy effect. He then
sat down and wrote out the following letter :

" Headquarters Army of Northern Virginia, )

"April 9th, 1865. )

" General : I received your letter of this date, containing the
terms of the surrender of the Army of Northern Virginia, as proposed
by you. As they are substantially the same as those expressed in
your letter of the 8th inst,, they are accepted. I will proceed to des-
ignate the proper officers to carry the stipulations into effect.

"R. E. LEE, General.
"Lieu. General U. S. Grant."

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

l85

On the afternoon of this day the government at
Washington received from General Grant a message
announcing Lee's surrender. Lee had lost, during the
movements of his army, from March 26th to April 9th,
about 14,000 men, killed and wounded, and 2 5, 000
made prisoners. The number of men paroled was about
26,000, of whom not more than 9,000 were found in
arms, while i5o cannon and 71 colors were among the
trophies obtained by the Union army. As the great
tidings were proclaimed, the whole nation became
sharers in the joy of the soldiers in the field that the
long agony was over, and Peace had come to cheer all
homes with its presence, and its promises of restored
and abiding prosperity.

CHAPTER XVIII.

ALL CONFEDERATE ARMIES YIELD AFTER APPOMATTOX — SOLDIERS LOOKING

HOMEWARD — THE PRESIDENT'S ASSASSINATION A NATION'S SORROW

AND DISMAY VETERANS TAKE SOBER AND SENSIBLE VIEWS OF THE SIT-
UATION — THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH MOVES SLOWLY TOWARD

WASHINGTON SHARES IN THE GRAND REVIEW OF GRANt's AND SHER-

MAN's armies, ON THE 23D AND 24TH OF MAY — THE MAGNIFICENT

SPECTACLE, AS SHERMAN RELATES IT THE REGIMENT EN ROUTE, AGAIN

ENTERTAINED AT PHILADELPHIA REACHES NEW YORK AND ARRIVES AT

KINGSTON ENTHUSIASTIC RECEPTION HONORABLE T. R. WESTBROOk's

ADDRESS OF WELCOME RESPONDED TO BY COLONEL SHARPS — SWORD

PRESENTED TO COLONEL LOCKWOOD.

The surrender of Lee and his army at Appomattox,
followed by that of Johnston a few days after, virtually
ended the war for the Union. Such bodies of Confed-
erates as were in arms in other parts of the country,
ceased one by one their hostility to the United States
government, and gave in their submission to it on the
terms substantially granted to the Confederate Com-
mander-in-Chief. The great work which the Union
army had gone forth to do was fully accomplished, in
the thorough putting down of all armed resistance to
the national authority, and in enforcing obedience to
the laws over every foot of the national territory. The
soldiers' occupation, therefore, as soldiers was thence-
forth gone. What remained for them was to return to
the homes they had left, resume their citizen's garb, and
with Peace smiling upon the land, engage again in the
various industries of civil life, which, in their case, the

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 8/

long contest had interrupted. The happy change which
they had longed for was now near at hand, and the joy
which they felt and expressed with such heartiness at
the ending of the war, was all the livelier by reason of
the prospect of soon mingling again in the peaceful
scenes and occupations of home-life.

But this wide-spread joy was speedily displaced by a
grief and gloom no less profound and extended. Fol-
lowing closely in the wake of Lee's surrender, came the
appalling event of the President's assassination. The
country lifted one day to the loftiest height of triumphal
exultation, was plunged on the next, as it were, into the
deepest gulf of dejection and sorrow. Such sudden
extremes, the circumstances attendant on each con-
sidered, have hardly a parallel in the history of nations.
The pall spread over the land by the assassin's deed,
made everything look gloomy. The public mind was
oppressed with a sense of uncertainty and foreboding.
How if this bloody act, which made a nation mourn,
should represent the spirit and thought of the defeated
section ; of what use then to grant terms of peace,
to those whose submission to the government meant
nothing beyond enforced obedience to a hated authority ?
But such dark view, if held at all, soon gave place to
brighter and more hopeful ones. The atrocious deed
came to be looked upon as that of an individual, aided
by a few like-minded accomplices, maddened by his
passions of hatred and revenge and as such deserving
only the execration and abhorrence of every upright
mind". No honest Confederate failed to see and express,
that in Mr. Lincoln's death, the South lost a friend
whose gentle nature and kindly-wise counsels, would,

I 88 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS.

if he had lived, have been of inestimable benefit to them
in the future shaping of their interests. Our returning-
soldiers soon became possessed of liberal and generous
sentiments in regard to their late foes, whom, having
met face to face in open combat, they were disposed
now, that their fighting was over, to befriend by kindly
words and offices, as General Grant had set them the
example. Thus the fevered public pulse gradually
recovered its tranquil beat. The wheels of the govern-
ment, often sorely tested before, suffered no clog from
the dreadful blow which struck down the nation's Chief
Magistrate in a critical time. And the disbanding of
the army, consequent upon the close of the war, went
on as though nothing had occurred to disturb it.

The soldiers of the One Hundred and Twentieth
Regiment, after April the 9th, realizing that their ser-
vices in the field were no longer needed, turned their
faces thenceforth homeward, where their expected arri-
val at an early day was awakening much pleasurable
excitement. A couple of months, however, were to
intervene before expectant " lovers and friends" would
grasp the hand of their " boys in blue," giving them a
" welcome home " with a warmth and heartiness that
would make the day of return an ever-fragrant mem-
ory. This, however, will appear in its proper place.
Meanwhile the regiment, after several days of rest, fol-
lowing Lee's surrender, began to take its way by slow
marches toward Washington, eh route to its Northern
home, reaching Manchester, near Richmond, in the
early part of May. It passed by the late Confederate
capital without entering it, which was a great disap-
pointment to the men, who naturally had a strong desire

ONE HUNDRED AND TVi>ENTlBTH N. Y. S. VOLS. I 89

to visit it, and moved forward toward Fredericksburg.
Thence, by quiet and comfortable marches of about
fifteen miles a day, it reached Alexandria, within sight
of the national capital. The regiment lay in camp here
awaiting the day appointed for a great review in Wash-
ington, in which it was to share, of the veterans of
Grant and Sherman, soon to be discharged from the
service of the country. Preparations were now making
for this grand military display, which was to take place
on the 23d and 24th days of May. On the former of
these days the Army of the Potomac, headed by Gen-
eral Meade, was to parade through the principal street
of Washington, while on the 24th General Sherman
and his army were to march along the same broad
avenue, the most magnificent in America. The expected
event had been heralded through the press of the coun-
try, and immense numbers of people from all parts
came thronging into Washington to witness the extra-
ordinary spectacle, the like of which the eyes of the
American people had never gazed upon before.

General Sherman, in his " Personal Memoirs," has
given a lively account of the superb pageant," some
extracts from which, for their intrinsic as well as historic
interest, may fittingly be inserted in the present narra-
tive. The notice bestowed on the Army of the Poto-
mac is not so full as the members of that noble army
might like to see. But the General was most concerned
with the record of his own army, which he had led in
triumph from Atlanta to the sea, and thence to Wash-
ington, and it was quite natural that these veterans
should occupy the main part of his description. What
he says of the appearance, marching and soldierly qual-

1 90 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

ities of his bronzed and war-worn legions, will apply
just as well to the gallant veterans who had fought and
conquered under Grant's immediate command, and
therefore the whole account of Sherman is given as
equally applicable to all the heroic men who, on both
days of the parade through Washington, were greeted
with the applauding shouts of the uncounted multitudes
which had gathered there to gaze upon them.
Says General Sherman :

"On the 19th, I received a copy of War Department Special
Order, No. 239, Adjutant General's office, of May i8th, ordering a
grand review, by the President and cabinet, of all the armies then near
Washington ; General Meade's to occur on Tuesday, May 23d, mine
on Wednesday, the 24th.

" By invitation I was on the reviewing stand, and witnessed the
review of the Army of the Potomac, (on the 23d,) commanded by
General Meade in person. The day was beautiful and the pageant
was superb. Washington was full of strangers, who filled the streets,
in holiday-dress, and every house was decorated with flags. The
army marched by division in close column around the Capitol, down
Pennsylvania avenue, past the President and cabinet, who occupied
a large stand, prepared for the occasion, directly in front of the White
House. During the afternoon and night of the 23d, the Fifteenth,
Seventeenth and Twentieth corps, crossed the long bridge, bivouacked
in the streets about the Capitol, and the Fourteenth Corps closed up
to the bridge.

The morning of the 24th was extremely beautiful, and the ground
was in splendid order for our review. The streets were filled with
people to see the pageant, armed with bouquets of flowers for their
favorite regiments or heroes, and everything was propitious.
Punctually at nine a. m. , the signal-gun was fired, when, in person,
attended by General Howard and all my staff, I rode slowly down
Pennsylvania avenue, the crowds of men, women and children,
densely lining the side-walks and almost obstructing the way. We
were followed closely by General Logan and the head of the Fifteenth
Corps. When I reached the treasury building and looked back, the

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 1 9 I

sight was simply magnificent The column was compact, and the
glittering muskets looked like a solid mass of steel, moving with the
regularity of a pendulum. We passed the treasury building, in front
of which and the White House, was an immense throng of people,
for whom extensive stands had been prepared on both sides of the
avenue. As I neared the brick house, opposite the lower corner of
Lafayette Square, some one asked me to notice Mr. Seward, who,
still feeble and bandaged for his wounds, had been removed there
that he might behold the troops. I moved in that direction and took
off my hat to Mr. Seward, who sat in an upper window. He
recognized the salute, returned it, and then we rode on steadily past
the President, saluting with our swords. All on his stand arose and
acknowledged the salute. We left our horses with orderlies, went
upon the stand, where I shook hands with the President, General
Grant and each member of the cabinet. I then took my post on the
left of the President, and for six hours and a half stood, while the
army passed in the order of the Fifteenth, Seventeenth, Twentieth
and Fourteenth corps. It was, in my judgment, the most mag-
nificent army in existence — sixty-five thousand men, in splendid
physique, who had just completed a march of nearly two thousand
miles in a hostile country, in good drill, and who realized that they
were being closely scrutinized by thousands of their fellow-country-
men and by foreigners. Division after division passed, each com-
mander of army corps or division coming on the stand, during the
passage of his command, to be presented to the President, cabinet
and spectators. The steadiness and firmness of the tread, the careful
dress on the guides, the uniform intervals between the companies,
all eyes directly to the front, and the tattered and bullet-riven flags,
festooned with flowers, all attracted universal notice. Many good
people, up to that time, had looked upon our Western army as a
sort of mob ; but the world then saw and recognized the fact, that it
was an army in the proper sense, well organized, well commanded
and disciplined, and it was no wonder that it had swept through the
South like a tornado. For six hours and a half, that strong tread of
the Army of the West, resounded through Pennsylvania avenue ; not
a soul of that vast crowd of spectators left his place ; and, when the
rear of the column had passed by, thousands of the spectators still
lingered to express their sense of confidence in the strength of a gov-
ernment which could claim such an army."

192 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

The regiment remained in the vicinity of Washing-
ton several days after the " grand review," awaiting
transportation to the North, which, on account of the
great bodies of troops also traveling homeward, and
waiting to be transported, could not be furnished with-
out some delay. At length, on the 4th of June, in the
words of an officer of the regiment, " only after great
trouble, at six o'clock in the evening, with the men
packed like cattle in box cars," the regiment rolled
away from Washington, and reached Philadelphia the
next morning. Here they found a repetition of the old
hospitality which had cheered them, and tens of thou-
sands of their comrades, nearly three years before,
when on their way to the front. The doors of the
Union Soldiers' House of Entertainment, known and
extolled through all the land, were thrown open to
them, and they were bidden to enter and partake of
the bountiful breakfast spread before them by the same
generous hosts, whose kindness to the defenders of the
nation seemed to know neither stint nor weariness. An
account in a former chapter* of the character and degree
of Philadelphia's hospitable offices to the soldiers, ren-
ders further detail in this place unnecessary, as the sol-
diers' hearty and grateful appreciation of these timely
courtesies, thus repeated, needs no further description
to body it forth.

Leaving Philadelphia, the regiment arrived at New
York in the evening, its progress from city to city being
a continual ovation. Gratitude to the soldiers on their
return, bearing as they did the marks of the battle-fields

* See Chapter Second.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 193

through which they had passed to the crowning tri-
umph, effervesced in the popular heart, and found
expression in spontaneous shouts and cheers. On
arriving at New York the regiment was entertained by
the State, Colonel Vincent Colyer representing the
commonwealth, as host. An account of its leaving New
York, of its passage to Kingston and its reception there
is given by Chaplain Hopkins, who accompanied it, and
who thus pleasantly describes what he saw and shared :

"We were delayed till noon at this place (New York), but at last
•we got away and marched triumphantly down Broadway. Our
band had been increased by sixteen pieces from the division band,
and played splendidly. Our flags, one tattered and small, and the
other a new one, covered with the names of our battles, were cheered
again and again. We cleared the omnibuses out of the street and
marched with company front. The men marched splendidly, and
JBroadway quieted its bustle for a moment to look and applaud as
we passed along. To our immense disgust we were obliged to go to
Hart's Island, twenty miles up the East river. The regiment did not
get away from there until the next noon. We came up the Hudson
on the Thomas Cornell, an elegant boat, and were delightfully enter-
tained on board. It was a moonlight night, and all were happy as
we passed the familiar headlands. Our reception at Rondont, the
following day, two miles from Kingston, was glorious. The town
•was out to greet the returning heroes. We were crowned with
flowers ; every soldier had a bouquet in the muzzle of his gun, and
the officers were loaded down. The fire companies paraded, every
bell in town was rung, cannon were fired, and every possible demon-
stration of joy was indulged in. There was one grand triumphal
arch with inscriptions of praise and welcome, over which a live eagle
flapped his wings, and many smaller decorations. The hotels, stores
and private houses vied with each other in the profusion of their
patriotic adornments. At the Academy green a banquet was pro-
vided, songs of welcome were sung, an oration of welcome pro-
nounced and a fitting response made by General Sharpe."

This brief account conveys the regiment to Academy

13

1 94 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

green, without detail of some local circumstances which
stamp a special interest upon the day and the ceremo-
nies that crowned it, and which deserve a fuller
description, even though it repeat a little what has been
said before.

The citizens of Kingston had for several weeks, since
the war ended, been looking forward with lively inter-
est to the return of the One Hundred and Twentieth,
A meeting had Jaeen called to make preparations for a
suitable reception of the regiment. The meeting was
large and enthusiastic. Colonel T. B. Gates, of the old
Twentieth, was chosen chairman, and P. Harlow and J.
R. Poland secretaries. A committee of some forty was
appointed to carry out the wishes of the meeting. It
says, among other things : " We are advised by tele-
gram that the One Hundred and Twentieth left Wash-
ington on Sunday morning. The noble boys are
entitled to a magnificent welcome, in consideration of
the battles they have fought, the trials they have
endured, the heroic achievements they have won. Let
every one in town and county make ready to cheer the
brave hearts of those who have stood up so manfully
and zealously in defense of our national life and liber-
ties. They deserve all the honors we can bestow upon
them, as some small indication at least, of our gratitude
and sense of patriotic obligation."

The officers of the day appointed for the reception
were Hon. William S. Kenyon, President ; George F.
VonBeck, L. A. Sykes, Jansen Hasbrouck, Marius
Schoonmaker, W. H. Romeyn and H. G. Crouch, Vice-
Presidents ; Colonel T. B. Gates, Marshal. A proces-
sion was arranged, consisting of the Kingston Fire

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. IQS

Department, civic societies, schools, etc., General Sam-
son and staff with company L, Twentieth New York
State Militia, and citizens. In Rondout, Hiram Schoon-
maker and John Derrenbacher, aids to the Marshal, had
charge of the line.

The regiment landed from the steamer Thomas Cor-
nell, Friday morning, June 9th. It was saluted by the
Union gun squad and the cheers of a large concourse
of citizens, while bouquets were showered upon the
veterans like rain. Tears trickled down many a cheek,
and a thousand voices uttering " God bless you " went
forth from overflowing hearts.

A procession being formed, marched to the upper
part of the town, through Rondout (now Union) avenue
to St. James street. Here a massive arch, trimmed
with evergreens and flowers, had been erected, and on
the top of the arch was a Temple of Liberty, on which
sat a live eagle. On one side were names of the prin-
cipal battles in which the regiment had been engaged,
with the words " Heroes of the One Hundred and
Twentieth, Welcome," while on the other side were the
words " Union, Victory, Peace." The order of march was
then continued through Kingston, finally halting at the
Academy green, where a stand had been erected for
the speakers, and a table, filled to overflowing with sub-
stantial viands, had been spread out. The regiment
was formed in a circle around the stand, and the Presi-
dent, Hon. W. S. Kenyon, announced the opening of
the exercises. The first exercise was a song entitled
" Victory at Last," sung by a class of children. Prayer
was then offered by the Rev. John Lillie, D. D., after
which the Hon. Theodoric R. Westbrook was intro-
duced, who made the following

1 96 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

ADDRESS.

General Sharpe, Colonel Lockwood, officers and soldiers of the One
Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, New York State Volunteers :

To me has been confided, by the citizens of the Thirteenth Con-
gressional District of New York, the pleasant task of bidding you
welcome to your homes. In discharging the duty, I confess at the
outset, the poverty of language adequately to express their feeling
and mine. We remember this day, the high and holy cause which,
nearly three years ago, caused you to leave your homes and to endure
the dangers and privations of a hundred battle fields. We remember
that that cause was not one of conquest, nor of unholy ambition,
but that it was the cause of our country — of the preservation of our
constitution, the precious legacy of our fathers, and of republican
government. The obligation which you then took, freely and vol-
untarily, to serve your country well and faithfully, we bear you wit-
ness this day has been most faithfully and honestly discharged. In
proof of our testimony, we point a world to every principal battle
in which the Army of the Potomac participated, from that of Fred-
ericksburg, in which your valor was first formally tested, to the grand
consummation of the surrender of Lee and the capture of Richmond.
With sorrow, and yet with pride, we look to your thinned ranks, and
remember that those who once stood side by side with you sleep in
honored graves, stretching all the way from Gettysburg to Burksville.
Hallowed be the ground where those, our dead soldiers, sleep I By
them we will kneel in future days and place thereon the wreath of
immortelles. We point also to those colors, weatherbeaten, tattered
and torn by shot and shell, but never yet lowered, and never surren-
dered, and brought home with you this day as proud and triumphant
trophies of your valor and prowess.

Brothers and friends, we welcome you as conquerors 1 No armed
traitor foe to-day treads the soil of the great republic. The old flag
again floats from the walls of Sumter, where for the first time in its
history it was compelled to be lowered ; and over every inch of
national territory, from the lakes to the Gulf, from the waters of the
stormy and boisterous Atlantic to those of the mild and gentle Pacific.
And as we gaze upon its folds, as the flag floats out upon the breezes
of heaven, we see every star shining brightly thereon as in days of
yore, and every stripe untarnished and undimmed.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 197

We welcome you as heroes ! Yes, even as our fathers in the
olden time greeted their brethren from the fields of Lexington and
Bunker Hill, Saratoga and Yorktown, so do we greet you. They
fought to establish this government ; you to maintain and preserve
it. Their names are inscribed high up upon the roll of fame ; yours
are written side by side with theirs, and are equally dear to us.
Hereafter, when the virtues and patriotism of our children need to
be quickened, we shall point them to your noble and heroic deeds,
and ask them to imitate you. A higher example than this could
not be given, and the world's history will never furnish a purer or
better.

We welcome you as our sons, brothers and kinsmen ! We are
not only proud but happy this day at your return to us. The old
seat at the family table, and the old chair around the family fireside,
shall, thank God, be again occupied. Sit down, weary ones, who
have borne the heat and burden of these days of battle and carnage,
under your own vine and fig tree, and repeat to us the history of the
thrilling events in which you so nobly shared. The tear of gratified
affection will start unbidden from the eye, as you rehearse to us how,
with numbers inferior to his, you met the invading foe at Gettysburg,
sending him reeling and broken back to Virginia, thus contributing
to make the fourth day of July, 1863, ever memorable in history. Tell
us of these terrible battles in the Wilderness, at Spotsylvania, and at
Cold Harbor, and in the trenches around Petersburg and Richmond,
and as we hear your loud shouts of victory re-shouted, we will fold
you in our arms of love, remembering that we are honored in you,
who are " bone of our bone, and flesh of our flesh." Freely disclose
to us the proud feeling of duty faithfully discharged you experienced
when, a few days ago, you marched in triumph through the national
capital, your soldierly bearing witnessed with admiration by the
President, your commanding General and thousands of your fellow
countrymen. Tell us how you felt, with the sunshine of victory
lighting up your bronzed features, as you gazed upon the representa-
tives of emperors and kings, looking in dismay upon these republican
bayonets which had carried victory over half a continent, and crushed
out treason forever with the strong arm of loyal citizen-soldiers.
Fear not that we shall weary with the recital, for as the General
'whose name you have made immortal looked with an eye of pride
upon your soldier tread, and saw reflected in yours the same bright

198 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

light of triumphant feeling, our hearts beat in sympathy with yours,
for it was kindred blood coursing there.

Finally, we welcome you to share our last acre, and our last loaf
That we possess them is owing to your bravery and fidelity. Vou
stood between us and the traitor foe. Your bodies were the ram-
pans which sheltered us and our loved ones on the day of battle and
of death. Peace, blessed peace, thank God ! lights up our mountain
tops, and its bright rays are reflected in our valleys and glitter upon
our lakes and our rivers. In presence of these assembled thousands,
we acknowledge you as the instruments of that kind Providence,
which have produced this grand result, and saved republican liberty
for an oppressed world. Rest, brethren, kinsmen, friends, from your
labors, and may the Great Supreme make the remainder of your days
as peaceful and as happy, as your past days have been glorious and
sublime.

This address, which was listened to with deep atten-
tion by the assembled multitude, was appropriately
responded to in behalf of the regiment, by General
Sharpe, who then, by request, presented an elegant
sword, the gift of the citizens of Kingston, to Colonel
Abram L. Lockwood, who had been in command of the
regiment since the resignation of Colonel Tappen,
before Petersburg. Colonel Lockwood, in fitting terms,
expressed his grateful acknowledgements. Alter this,
a prayer was offered by the Rev. Mr. Osborne, and the
ceremonies of a day, fraught with interest and pleasure,
alike to soldiers and citizens, were brought to a close.

CHAPTER XIX.

AFTER THE WAR — SOLDIERS CHANGED INTO CIVILIANS— CAMP HABITS AS
AFFECTING CHARACTER AND LIFE AT HOME — FEARS OF EVIL FROM THIS

SOURCE NOT REALIZED UNION VETERANS' CREDITABLE RECORD IN

PEACE AS IN WAR — REGIMENTAL UNION FORMED BY THE VETERANS OF

THE ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH- — ANNUAL REUNIONS HELD

ADDRESSES DELIVERED BY NOTED GENERALS AND CIVILIANS — LETTER
.OF GENERAL SHERMAN THE REGIMENTAL UNION AIDS IN CONTRI-
BUTIONS FOR soldiers' BENEFIT MEMORIAL OBSERVANCE IN HONOR OF

COLONEL TAPPEN TRIBUTES BY GENERALS GEORGE W. SHARPE AND

THEODORE B. GATES.

The change from soldier to civilian, on the part of
the hosts who had for several years formed the army of
the Union, marked a sharp transition. It was a change
easily accomplished. It brought joy to the soldier's
heart, and to the heart of a nation wearied with the
war and yearning for peace. It seemed full of promise
for the future well-being and interests of the various
localities from which the soldiers had been drawn, and
to which their return would impart fresh animation,
activity and strength.

All this was a reasonable presumption. Yet fears
were entertained by some that the disbanded soldiers
distributed among the communities of the land, might
not prove an unmitigated benefit. The life in camp
and field had been widely different from that which 'the
men had led before enlistment. Tastes and habits
might have been acquired in several years' campaigning,

200 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V. S. VOLS.

not to be laid aside as easily as the soldier's uniform.
These tastes and habits might be such as to unfit men
for the sturdy, every-day employments of industrial life»
The noise, bustle excitement and frequent moving ta
and fro, attendant on soldier life, might have a factitious
and unsettling influence, and serve to render the quiet,
steady and fixed occupations of home-life, distasteful if
not irksome.

The soldier's daily maintenance in the field, more-
over, being provided without toil or forethought on his
own part, a strong stimulant to personal exertion for
support, is taken away. The condition of getting sup-
plies from the government without personal concern or
effort on the soldier's part to provide them, may be
difficult to break or change on a return to the ordinary
tasks of civil life. Hard service in the field, with hard
and sometimes precarious fare, has tempted soldiers ta
pillage and to take an enemy's property with the strong-
hand when opportunity offered, regarding this as right,,
or at least, not a grievous wrong. This propensity may
cling to a man after the soldier's harness has been laid
aside, making him a not very desirable member of
society. Shut out for years from the refinements of
home and female society, daily conversant with wounds,
bloodshed and death on a large scale, hearing irreve-
rent, vulgfar and profane language — tend all of them, to-
make men long exposed to such influences, coarse and
rude in their manners, steeled against human suffering
and regardless of moral restraints. And should habits,
of this kind have been formed, and carried into order-
loving and God-fearing communities, the effect for evil
might prove very deleterious.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 20I

These unhappy consequences of long wars have fre-
quently been pointed out as constituting not the least
of the tremendous evils growing out of them, and such
results have certainly marked many of the great wars of
the past. And the prediction of many thoughtful
people seemed warranted, that similar results would be
witnessed again at the close of our recent great conflict.

But the fact has not verified the prediction. The
great mass of our soldiers, when their services in the
field were over, resumed, with good will and resolute pur-
pose, the various pursuits of peaceful industry which
opened to them, and which many had simply laid aside,
for a time, while they obeyed the call to take up arms
in the country's defense. Whether the sacred cause in
which they had enlisted so elevated their sentimeflts
and whole course, or the high character of the citizen -
soldier volunteers forming the bulk of the nation's
superb army, so guarded them against depraving seduc-
tions, or whether their previous education or home- sur-
roundings had made them " steadfast and immovable "
in the right path — whether each or all of these produced
the result, it is certain that the soldiers of the war, for
the most part, returned from it as they went into it, not
simply loyal and true to the country, this was a matter
of course, but as brave, honest, high-minded, self-
respecting men, ready to take their places among the
toilers of the land, to promote, in common with all good
citizens, the highest good of community.

There may be, and no doubt are, exceptions to this
pleasing representation, but the rule is as I have
described it. And for an illustration of this statement,
it needs only to look upon the veterans of the One

202 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Hundred and Twentieth Regiment, as they gather year
after year, on the 2 2d day of February, at their annual
reunion, to be convinced how faithfully and successfully
the various offices of civil life have been performed by
the men, who, a few years ago, stood in the ranks among
the country's armed hosts. And what is true of the
regiment referred to, is true of the representatives of the
thousand regiments which are wont to assemble periodi-
cally, all over the North and West, to celebrate a strug-
gle and a triumph in which all bore a part.

This Regimental Union referred to, deserves to
occupy a little space in the present narrative. It was
not formed directly on the close of the war, but a few
years afterwards. The propriety of forming such Union ,
had been considered from time to time, and an earnest
desire expressed by former members of the regiment to
effect it, and at length, as a result of a published call, a
meeting of a number of its late officers was held on
December 26th, 1868, at Hauver's Hotel, Kingston.
The chairman of the meeting, Colonel George H.
Sharpe, stated the object of it to be, the formation of a
regimental association ; whereupon, on motion of Colonel
Tappen, it was resolved that the name for the associa-
tion should be, " The One Hundred and Twentieth
New York Regimental Union." On farther motion
of Colonel Tappen, it was " ordered, that all persons
who have held commissions in the One Hundred and
Twentieth Regiment, and have been honorably dis-
charged therefrom, are eligible for membership in this
temporary organization." A farther resolution offered
by Major Everett and carried, provided, that " all men
who were at any time honorably discharged from the

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 203

service of the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment,
New York Volunteers, shall be eligible for membership
in the One Hundred and Twentieth New York Regi-
mental Union."

To effect a permanent organization, a committee, con-
sisting of Major Everett, Colonel Tappen and Lieu-
tenant Lockwood, was appointed to make nominations
for officers.

The committee reported and the following officers
•were chosen and the organization completed :

President — General Sharpe.

Chaplain — H. H. Hopkins.

Corresponding Sec'y — Lieutenant J. H. Lockwood.

Recording Sec'y — Adjutant Russell.

Treasurer — Colonel Tappen.

DIRECTORS.

Colonel Lockwood. Colonel Westbrook, Colonel
Scott, Captain Snyder, Captain Holmes, Lieutenant
Greene, Lieutenant Rosa, Lieutenant Drake and
Major Thomas.

A committee, consisting of General Sharpe, Colonel
Westbrook and Colonel Lockwood, was appointed to
draft a Constitution and By-laws, to be reported at the
next meeting of the association.

The next meeting was held at Music Hall, Kingston,
December 14th, 1869, at which the Vice-President,
Colonel Westbrook, presided, who opened its proceed-
ings with prayer. The committee appointed at a former
meeting to draft a Constitution and By-laws for the
association reported. The work of the committee was

204 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

approved, and a series of laws and regulations for the
government of the members adopted, which the asso-
ciation found, and has continued to find, adapted to all
the purposes for which the organization was formed.

The Regimental Union has held regular annual
meetings from the time of its formation till the present.
These meetings have been uniformly well attended, and
have proved reunions of great interest and pleasure to
the veterans, many of whom living widely apart, have
found these seasons the only opportunity of the year for
greeting comrades, having so many memories in com-
mon of the eventful past. The appointed time for the
annual meeting was at first, the 13th of December, the
day of the Fredericksburg battle. This was afterwards
changed to February the 2 2d, Washington's birth-day
anniversary, which, for several years past has been the
day of the gathering. Several of these occasions have
been marked by the presence of prominent actors in the
war, or men distinguished in other walks of life, by
whom addresses were given, to the delight of the vet-
erans as well as of the audience composed of citizens from
without, brought together to hear them. Thus, at the
meeting in 1868, the Rev. H. H. Hopkins, the former
honored chaplain of the regiment, delivered an address,
followed by the redoubtable warrior. General Hooker,
who was present as a guest on the occasion. In 1871,
the annual meeting was addressed by the dashing and
renowned cavalry leader. General Judson Kilpatrick.
At the next reunion in 1872, which was held at Catskill,
the gallant soldier and commander, General Stewart L.
Woodford, pronounced the oration. In 1876, the
reunion took place at Rondout, the members being

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 205

welcomed by Mayor Lindsley, and the eloquent lec-
turer and divine, the Rev. E. H. Chapin, D. D.. deliver-
ing a lecture on John Hampden, On the next year,
1877, at Kingston, the famous John B. Gough, lectured
before the association, At the annual meeting, Feb-
ruary 2 2d, 1888, a public entertainment was given by
the Regimental Union, at the Armory, an admission
fee for a patriotic object being asked. The orator of the
evening, was General Stewart L. Woodford, followed
by an address from the illustrious leader of the " March
to the Sea," General W. Tecumseh Sherman, whose
presence and speech aroused much enthusiasm. His
letter in reply to the invitation to visit Kingston
and address the veterans of the One Hundred and
Twentieth, at their annual reunion, is so characteristic,
and interesting in itself and its association with the
writer's great name, that every reader will thank the
courtesy that has furnished it for publication, as it now
appears for the first time :

" Fifth Avenue Hotel, N. Y., }
January 15th, Sunday. )

" Dear General Sharpe :

" I have your most kind letter of yesterday, and assure you that
with reasonable care for my personal comfort, I am more than willing
to do all a veteran should for the comrades of earlier and better
days.

" On examining my book of engagements, which resembles that
of a dentist, I find that on February 21st, I am promised to attend
the Association of Harvard Graduates, at Delmonico's ; that I am
not committed for the night of February 22d, a most appropriate
day for you at Kingston ; therefore, put me down for the chances.

' ' Don't dwell so much on the pretty girls. I have had my day,
and must surrender them to younger fellows, but count on me

206 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

because of love for you and other comrades which grows in strength
with years.

" It is just to you, however, to state that I have my share of family
troubles unknown to the world. Mrs. Sherman is not well ; is now-
with my daughter Rachael on a visit to our married daughter, Mrs.
Fitch, at Pittsburgh, intending to be back here February ist. Her
illness alarms me at times and may compel me to keep near her.

"Also my sister's husband, Colonel Moulton, is now at the Arno-
House, critically ill, keeping us in a nervous state.

" But if able, I will come to Kingston by the West Shore line, on
the train which leaves Weehawken at 11:45 a. m., and arrives at
Kingston, at 2:35 p. m., after which I shall depend on you to send
me back to Weehawken the next day, ice and the acts of God always
excepted.

" Inasmuch as I was born in February, I cannot reproach George-
Washington for appearing at such an inhospitable period of the j-ear
in northern latitudes, subjecting his admirers to such contingencies,
but the probabilities are I shall be on time."

Your friend,

W. T. SHERMAN.

The audience drawn together on this occasion, was,
it need hardly be said, as large as it was enthusiastic.
The proceeds of the meeting, amounting to S2 5o, were
given to the Ulster County Soldiers' Monument Asso-
ciation, for the purpose of aiding in the erection of a
monument in honor of the soldiers and sailors of the
county. The work was then in progress, and has since
been completed, the monument, an ornament to the
city and a credit to the county, standing in front of the
city hall.

The members of the regimental Union, in addition to
their annual winter meeting, have been wont to enjoy
a summer picnic, since 1879, on the 2 2d of August of
which year, the first one was held at Binnewater, and
was addressed by General George H. Sharpe. These

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 207

meetings in the open air, cheered by the sights and
sounds, with which prodigal Nature regales those who
seek and love her society, have proved so enjoyable
that none have wished to discontinue them.

The meeting of the Union, on February 2 2d, i88u
was held at the Armory, at the invitation of Pratt Post,
which was holding at that time, an Army Fair, the avails
of which were to be devoted to the interests of the Post,
and to the benevolent objects which the Post was
organized to promote. The membership of Pratt Post,
one of the largest and most efficient Posts in the state,
is composed, to a considerable extent, of the veterans
who formerly served in the regiments that went forth
from Ulster County. The members of the One Hun-
dred and Twentieth Regimental Union, therefore, took
a lively interest in the success of the Pratt Post Army
Fair, responding cordially to the invitation to be pres-
ent, and co-operate in carrying out the worthy object it
was seeking to promote. The fair was a successful
one, bringing twenty-five hundred dollars into the
treasury of the Post, showing how warmly the sympathy
and good will of the public were enlisted in its favor.

At the meeting of the Association, in 1889, a paper
on Gettysburg, at the request of the Union made at a
former meeting, was read by Colonel C. D. Westbrook,
who commanded the regiment on July 2d, 1863. The
paper was a carefully prepared, discriminating and
accurate account of whatever pertained to the position,
action and surroundings of the regiment, in its engage-
ment on that celebrated field. It was listened to with
marked attention and interest by the members of the
Association ; and, at the dedication of the monument to

208 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

the One Hundred and Twentieth, at Gettysburg, in
1889, to be noticed hereafter, the orator of the day.
General Sharpe, speaks of his having availed himself
freely of Colonel Westbrook's statements as reliable
authority for many of his own descriptions of the battle.

The first annual meeting of the Association, held
after the time of meeting was changed to February 2 2d,
was in 1875, at which time, the proceedings were of
peculiar interest, embracing a memorial observance in
honor of Colonel J. Rudolph Tappen, then recently
deceased, and for a long time, the honored and
beloved commander of the One Hundred and Twen-
tieth Regiment. Appropriate and touching tributes
were paid to his merits and memory, by Generals
Sharpe and Gates, and Honorable T. R. Westbrook.
The report of Judge Westbrook's remarks has not been
preserved. From the published address of General
Sharpe and from that of General Gates, a brief extract
from each, all that our limits will allow, is subjoined in
honor of one whose life was so beautiful and death so
widely deplored, and these .short notices will form an
appropriate close to the present chapter.

After portraying in fitting and felicitous words the
military career of Colonel Tappen, till he resigned his
command of the regiment. General Sharpe adds :

" Probably no better field officer left the army that day, or any other
day during the war. He was admirably fitted to command a brigade
and would have made his mark where so many failed. * * *
Colonel Tappen returned home to succeed in winning in civil life,
the same love and admiration which he had excited among his com-
rades. Soon after his marriage, he was induced by gentle influences
to connect himself with a church which had not been the church of
his fathers, and to it he gave the loyalty that he displayed in the

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N.Y.S. VOLS. 209

interest of all his undertakings. From that time to the day of his
death, his story is as well known to all of you as it is to myself.

" Honored and respected in his business relations, his word the
strongest obligation that he could make, every action distinguished by
truth and honor, choosing the best side of every question that was
presented, engaging in every good work, firm in his convictions, and
yet amiable in all his social relations, he leaves the record of a char-
acter singularly spotless and well-balanced. He was always able to
correct those who were under him, without leaving a sting to follow
the reproof, and his army recollections were continually flowing out
in graceful tributes to his comrades. Soon struck down by disease,
the seeds of which he had brought from the army, he began that man-
ful contest of four years, during which he contested every inch of the
ground with the enemy. In his last hours, he said to me, in a faint
voice, 'there is not much left of me, but I mean to fight it out to the
last minute.'

" His disease sometimes overpowered him to such an extent as to
cause his mind to wander, and then his memories all reverted to- the
old Army of the Potomac. How many times he fought over some
of the battle-fields ! so often, indeed, that the one who was nearest
in attendance upon him, is aS' familiar with these fights as if she had
personally participated in them. But waking or in dreams, his words
were full of trust in God and affection for his comrades."

General Gates, who on Colonel Pratt's death, suc-
ceeded to the command of the " Ulster Guard," the
Twentieth N. Y. S. M., a company in which regiment
Colonel Tappen had commanded, pays this warm and
graceful tribute to the worth of his former associate :

" His disposition was social and genial, and it was pleasant to see
his handsome and intelligent face in tent or by bivouac fire, on the
march or picket line. It gave or took a welcome with a smile almost
womanly in its sweetness. And yet, that face could on occasion,
express the sternest resolution, the severest rebuke and the most
determined courage.

" I do not think Colonel Tappen was ever affected by the senti-
ment of fear. He appreciated, as other intelligent men did, the dan-

14

2 lO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

gers of the battle-field, but never with a sense of timidity. If, knowing
the danger, and yet calmly confronting it, and exercising in the
midst of it, every faculty of the mind, and improving every circum-
stance, the shifting scenes of the conflict may present to gain a vantage
point against your foe, and by your demeanor to inspire your men
with confidence, be the highest type of courage ; this Colonel
Tappen had, in a marked degree. He never lost his mental
equilibrium, never got flurried under fire, or showed signs of con-
scious danger or apprehension of defeat In all the qualities of mind
that constitute a man, a courage inspiring, discreet and reliable
officer on the battle-field, Colonel Tappen was unusually well
equipped.

" In the pride of his strength and unimpaired manhood, he met
and discharged every duty faithfully, intelligently, conscientiously.
In these later years, when suffering and decrepitude had stripped
him of his vigor, and made him less than a child in weakness and
dependence, he was patient, submissive, uncomplaining. Thus,
having been honorable and just in all his relations as a man, brave
and loyal as a soldier, gentle and affectionate as a husband and a
father, he ennobled and beautified the closing years of his life by a
devoted and consistent service in the ranks of that great army whose
weapons are not carnal, and whose Captain is the Lord.

BATTLE MONUMENT AT GETTYSBURG.

CHAPTER XX.

GETTYSBURG AND ITS MONUMENTS THE GREAT BATTLE-FIELD GROWING

IN THE nation's REGARD THE NATIONAL CEMETERY — THE UNION

SOLDIERS BURIED THERE THEIR GRAVES HONORED AND CHERISHED

MONUMENT TO THE SOLDIERS OF THE I 20TH WHO FELL AT GETTYSBURG

SURVIVING COMRADES REVISIT THE FIELD — DEDICATION OF THE

MONUMENT — GENERAL SHARPE's ORATION WILL CARLETON's POEM.

The field of Gettysburg can never lose the interest
which attracts to it, by an overpowering magnetism,
every patriotic heart throughout the country. The
battle fought there was the greatest in our history, in
the numbers engaged, in the length and desperate char-
acter of the conflict, and in the losses, whose effect
reached out to nearly every household in the land.
Great as these last were, the issues decided on that his-
toric field were greater and more momentous still. The
invasion of the North, involving in its complete success
the direst disasters to the nation, was decisively checked
and rolled back. The hopes of the Southern Confeder-
acy to secure a separate government with the nations
to recognize it, as the result of a great victory won there,
were irretrievably blasted. The continuance of a nation,
one and indivisible, growing in strength and prosperity
through its unity, as opposed to two nations subjected
to constant discords and collisions, with decay and ruin
in the end for both, was here virtually decided. On
this ground the cause of the Free Institutions was sig-
nally vindicated, the knell of slavery throughout the

2 I 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

land was rung, and the Union of all the States under
one Government, as essential to the life and welfare of
the whole, were all proclaimed, and made sure for the
coming generations. Such gains as these secured by
the gigantic struggle running through the first, second
and third days of July, 1863, well deserve to lift Gettys-
burg into the preeminence it occupies among those
historic places, which most strongly rivet upon them
the gaze of the world.

Such world-renowned places are wont to be distin-
guished by suitable memorials, as Bunker Hill by the
imposing granite shaft which surmounts the spot hal-
lowed by the Revolutionary struggle there, Saratoga
and Bennington by the noble monuments which record
the achievements of the patriotic fathers, and so of many
fields celebrated for kindred deeds. The commanding
place which Gettysburg holds in the national regard, is
attested by the multitude of monuments spread all over
the ground, trampled by the combatants in those terri-
ble days that the great conflict raged, as if the whole
nation, rescued from its perils, turned its eyes instinc-
tively to the one spot where the decisive blow that
secured triumph to the Union cause, was struck, and
where honors should be paid in some proportion, at
least, to the benefits conferred. This seemed to be the
sentiment and feeling of the country. And according-
ly, soon after the war closed the work of monument-
building began. Representatives of all the loyal States
participated in it, as all these States had soldiers in the
ranks in the great battle, many of whom returned no
more to the homes from which they had gone forth to
the war. The work went on from year to year until

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 213

the whole ground on which the three days' battles were
fought, came to be studded with monuments. From
the points where the first day's attacks were made, west
and north of Gettysburg, all along Cemetery Ridge to
the Round Tops, including the " Peach Orchard,"
" Wheat Field " and " Devil's Den " at their front, em-
bracing a circumference of eight or ten miles,' monu-
ments mark the spots where Union regiments, brigades,
cavalry squadrons, batteries, etc., engaged in the con-
flict, or where some noted leader laid down his life for
the country. These monuments erected by the sur-
vivors and friends of the various commands, sometimes
by the counties or States whence the soldiers were
drawn, present a wondrous variety of design and ap-
pearance. Many of them are elaborate and costly,
though for the most part, in proper keeping with the
sacred surroundings, while the inscriptions upon them,
telling what service was done there, by the sons of what
State, and how many died there in rendering it, are of
profound and affecting interest. When the writer vis-
ited Gettysburg in 1888, there were two hundred of
these monuments erected, and on a second visit in
1892, there were three hundred and sixty, and others
still in progress — so that the Gettysburg field has
become a great National Mausoleum, with special
attraction for every State having sons interred there,'
who died in maintaining an undivided Union.

The remains of those who fell on these sanguinary
days, lie in the common burial place on Cemetery Hill,
near Gettysburg. Here a superb monument, erected
by the Government, stands on the very spot where in
1863, President Lincoln's momorable address was deliv-

214 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

ered, at the dedication of the National cemetery, in which
he uttered the striicing words, "The world will little note
nor long remember what we say here, but will never
forget what they did here." Another monument not
far from this, and hardly less imposing, was recently
erected by the State of New York, at a cost of $65,ooo,
in honor of her many gallant sons who died here in the
country's defense. A fine monument also stands here
to General John Reynolds, the Bayard of the Union
Army, killed just west of the Seminary on the first
day of the battle. A smaller monument marks the spot
where he fell. Spread over the ample area of the
cemetery grounds, are the neat marble head-stones of
several thousand dead soldiers, inscribed with the name,
company, regiment and state belonging to each. The
dead from each state are interred in a section of the
ground separate from the others. Sixteen hundred of
these stones, standing apart from the rest, bear the
simple and sad inscription, "Unknown," indicating that
those sleeping beneath, had, when buried, no marks to
distinguish either name or associations. This is a
marked feature in all the national cemeteries, and the
reflections it awakens touch the heart very sensibly.
The nation has taken these cemeteries under its own
care, and guards the dust of those who sacrificed all to
save it with the utmost vigilance and tenderness.
Everthing is kept in perfect order, no vandal hand is
suffered to mar or deface marble or tree or sward,
and taste, skill and constant attention continue to make
the grounds where these patriots lie, attractive and beau-
tiful. It is so over all the Gettysburg field which is
owned by the Monument Association, who will not be

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 1 5

likely to neglect their trust. The crowds of patriotic
visitors constantly coming to view the field, will be sure
to keep it free, if instinctive reverence for the dead did
not, from any injury or desecration.

A monument in honor of the One Hundred and
Twentieth Regiment, though not appearing on the
Gettysburg field as early as many of the others, was
sure to be erected there within a reasonable time.
The surviving members of the regiment long enter-
tained and continued to cherish the subject of hon-
oring in this way the memory of their dead com-
rades, and waited only the fitting time to carry
their purpose into effect. At the annual meeting of the
Regimental Union held at Kingston, Feb. 22, 1888,
the matter of the monument was brought formally to
the attention of the members. After a full discussion
it was determined that the work of procuring a suitable
monument should begin at once, and should be com-
pleted and ready for dedication by June of the fol-
lowing year. To this end a special committee of ten,
one from each company, was appointed to obtain
designs for the monument, ascertain its cost, and pre-
pare the way for its completion. This committee, of
which General Sharpe was the Chairman, was to act in
■conjunction with the Executive Committee of the Asso-
ciation ; their joint report to be presented at a subse-
quent meeting to be called, at an early day for the
purpose.

In accordance with this provision, a special meeting
•of members of the Association was held Dec. 8th, 1888,
when the Committee on the monument reported in
part. From several designs which had been submitted

2 I 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

to them, they gave the preference to those of Frederick
and Field of Quincy, Mass., and recommended > the
adoption of the plans and specifications for the proposed
monument, presented by this firm. The. recommenda-
tion was approved by the meeting, and it was voted to
make a contract with the said firm, to construct a monu-
ment according to the specified designs y and erect it on
the field at Gettysburg, at a cost of twenty-five hun-
dred dollars. The State appropriation for each New
York regiment putting up a monument at Gettysburg,
covered $i ,5oo of this amount, leaving $ i ,000 to be sup-
plied by the surviving members. This latter sum was
distributed among the ten companies, at the rate of $100
each, all of them cheerfully assuming their several parts,
thus guaranteeing the full discharge of the regiment's
financial obligation. At the regular annual meeting of
the Association on February 22d, 1889, the Chairman of
the Committee before mentioned, stated that the
construction of the monument had. been duly begun,
and carried on according to authorized directions, and
that it would be completed by May ist, next following.
He proposed that the members of the Union visit
Gettysburg for the purpose of dedicating this monu-
ment in the ensuing month of June, the precise day
being left for the Executive Committee to decide.

This Committee moreover, were to make all the
arrangements connected with the proposed excursion to
Gettysburg. In discharging this duty, the committee
fixed upon the 25th of June, 1889, as the day on which
the monument would be dedicated. General George H.
Sharpe, was chosen by the Association as the orator of
the day, at the dedication services. A special train of

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 21/

cars was chartered to convey the members of the-
Union, and friends of the regiment to Gettysburg^
leaving Kingston on the morning on the 24th, of which,
due notification had been made. On the early
morning of this day accordingly, a large number of the
veterans of the regiment, with their friends set out on.
their sacred mission, and reached Gettysburg on the
afternoon of the same day, and took quarters at the
commodious Spring Hotel, situated a few rods west of
the historic Willoughby Run. On the next morning
they explored the great battlefield, examining with deep
interest the spots made memorable by the struggles of
the mighty antagonists thereon in July, twenty-six years
before. The monument was to be dedicated on the
afternoon of this day, and with its presence for an
inspiration, standing as it does on the very ground
hallowed iby the blood so freely shed of the regiment
there oh July 2nd, 1863. The rain unfortunately, which
had begun to fall fast, interfered with this arrangement,,
making it necessary to have the dedicatory services con-
ducted within doors, the, hotel ^furnishing ample accom-
modation for the purpose. Here, accordingly, the
regimental gathering took place. After being opened
with the usual formalities, and a prayer offered by the
Rev. Andrew Schriver, the orator. General Sharpe,.
proceeded to deliver the following address, the interest,
and value of which, in its graphic details of the
great battle of the war, and especially the part taken
in it by the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment^
make it eminently fitting, as a close to the present
narrative, to spread it out i,n full before the eye of the
reader :

2 I 8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Comrades, Relatives and Friends of the One Hundred and Twen-
tieth :

When the invitation, made with unanimity, and heartily pressed
upon me, to make the address upon this occasion, was accepted,
I felt that it could not have met my concurrence, had I been in actual
command of the regiment on this eventful field. But my duties
•elsewhere with the Commanding General, and from points of
■observation enabling me to overlook, at different stages, the whole
■conflict of the two last days, permit me to render this service ; and to
try to do justice to the valor of those with whom I was so intimately
associated, officially, territorially, and by ties of blood, affection and
friendship.

Comrades, you are here to discharge a final tribute to the gallantry
-and fame of an organization, which reached the very highest standard
in the resplendent galaxy of the historic Army of the Potomac — an
army that was criticised for not moving enough, but never for not
■dying enough.

Your lines to-day appear, to the outward sense, as thin as on the
•evening of that second day of July, 1863, when for hours you stood
the storm of a conflict nearly unparalleled in modern warfare. But
your lines are fuller than they seem to mortal vision. There are
•comrades with us who may not audibly answer to the roll call, but I
feel they are here ! They are trooping here from yonder Cemetery
Hill ; from many a field in Virginia made sacred soil by their blood ;
from the ranges of the Catskilh ; from the valleys of the Esopus ;
and from the banks of the Wallkill and the Hudson. Oh 1 brothers !
we greet you !

My living brethren, you are here not only to hold communion with
those to whom you once gave the touch of the elbow, but once again
you are associated with a nation's heroes whom it is your right to
■claim as comrades. The thoughtful form of Meade is yonder on
the ridge ; the quick eye of Warren is penetrating beyond the
Emmettsburg road ; Hunt will clear away the murderous artillery
that decimates your ranks ; Brewster and Burns are here to answer
<jraham"s call ; Humphreys attests by his presence that the point you
hold is vital to the safety of the army ; and Hancock will take care at
the supreme moment that your sacrifice is not in vain.

It is our duty and pleasure to welcome these our friends who come

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 I 9

to rites recalling so much sadness and so much glory, to give us the
companionship of sympathetic kinsmen and neighbors. They were
bone of your bone, and flesh of your flesh, my friends, the men who here
won imperishable renown ! The sturdy qualities, that enabled them
to brave the blinding storm, were inheritances which you and they
shared alike. We are proud of you, as you are proud of them ; and
to-day your kindly presence refreshes our hearts, and seems to rep-
resent the generous feelings of our countrymen. By the ties of family
and friendship you are entitled to lake part in this ceremonial, and
beside the satisfaction of kindly offices to your brethren, you shall
have other compensations. The local emotions excited on this spot
are of the most elevated kind, unsurpassed in the world, except on
the sacred spots of Palestine. Here the greatest deeds have been
wrought, and here the most eloquent words have been spoken ; for
here on these heights of Gettysburg, contemporaneously with Vicks-
burg, were the crucial hours of that stupendous conflict, when it was
settled, not for a day, but for all time, that government of the
people, for the people and by the people should not perish from the
earth.

And here, too, when time had assuaged the bitterness of the
strife ; when twenty-five years had rolled by, since these hills had
groaned and rocked under the thunder of five hundred guns, sur-
vivors of the Army of Northern Virginia came, by official invitation,
to meet survivors of the Army of the Potomac, headed by two of
Robert E. Lee's most illustrious commanders. On behalf of their
comrades, who marched and fought under the Southern Cross, they
came to accept the arbitrament and issues of the conflict ; "and if
there was joy in heaven that day, it was in the heart of Abraham
Lincoln as he looked down upon that field of Gettysburg ! "

The State of New York — the proud mother of us ail — has recog-
nized the fitness of decorating ihis immortal ground. It would be a
base nation indeed, that would contemplate the spectacle of her vic-
torious sons erecting monuments to their comrades and themselves.
In the grim hour of trial those who were concerned in vast national
and commercial interests trembled for the issue, and were profuse in
their promises of reward to those who put life and limb in the bal-
ance. We will not seek to inquire whether these feelings have
changed — whether the sordid love of money has resumed its sway,
and frames excuses for broken pledges ; certain it is, that the com-

2 20 ONE HUNDRED AHD TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

rades of the heroes of the war lead the way in, the commemoraiicin of
their deeds. Our great commonwealth provides a mimimum sum of
money to enable each regiment to at least mark its place in the Une,
and this is supplemented by the free-will offerings of those who still
remenjber the sjacrifices of the soldiers. We have appealed, and
generally not in, vairi, for assistance in this fraternal obligation, and
the result is shown in the impressive monument which stands before
you. To all those who gave us aid out of their abundance, or out
of their frugal competence, we here tender our sincere thanks.

The Pennsylvania campaign was a necessity to the Confederate
army in Virginia. While its opponent had been beaten in two great
battles within the preceding six months, the power of the North
seemed to grow with its reverses, and the material resources of the
South visibly declined. The inability of the insurgent section to
repair and construct railroads, was strikingly apparent The mechani-
cal energies and aptitudes of the North, which had been made the
occasion of Southern taunt and sneer, were now coming forward to
torment the insurgents, and the intelligent mechanics of the latter
section, generally by birth Northern men, were the first to appreciate
the coming dissolution of the slave power. It was rarely possible
for General Lee to provide more ihan four days' rations ahead, even
when his army was lying at Fredericksburg, and the helpless failure
of the Confederate Commissariat was already prefiguring the collapse
which attended the break-up of Lee's lines about Petersburg and
Richmond. One by one the Southern ports were closed by our gal-
lant navy to the introduction of foreign supplies. Would that the
same gallantry and genius, animating our trained sailors of to-day.
were provided with adequate means to compel respect for the nation
whose flag Farragut bore at his masthead !

The English people under the leadership of John Bright, revered
name ! gave their unflagging support to the Northern cause, but the
aristocracy sympathized with the slave owners, while the miserable
harlequin who masqueraded on the throne of France, in the vest-
ments of his supposititious uncle, was intriguing for the recogniiion
of the Confederate States, if the concurrence of the British govern-
ment could be obtained, and that government was mainly in the
hands of the aristocracy.

It was believed that a successful invasion of the North would lead
to cooperation by the French and English cabinets.

ONE HUNDRED AND TU'ENTJETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 21

But a greater need was pressing at Richtiiond; Their people had
been told that Vicksburg was an impregnable fortress, and it was cer'
tain that it was the last important point by which the *ebel govern-
ment sought to control the father of waters, and maintain communi-
cation- with the vast trans-Mississippi department. The Confederate
people were still fed upon lies, but the administration kiiew that the
genius and persistence of Grant were nearing an overwhelming suc-
cess, and that the days could be numbered when the Mississippi
would go unvexed to the sea.

A great diversion was required, and if the Army of the Potomac
which was the breastplate of the nation, could be shattered, the
veterans of Grant and Sherman would be required to repai'r the dis-
aster. If'Baltimore or Philadelphia were taken before Grant's army
could be transferred,' the war might be expected to end m a com-
promise ; and if Washington were captured, the rebel cabinet wbuld
occupy the public buildings of the Gapitol, always the accepted
evidence of ultimate authority in civil wars in Europe, and would be
recognized as the government de facto of the' United States of
America.

So when the battle of the first day at Gettysburg was brought on
by the collision of a large and overwhelming part of Lee's army with
the inferior forces it the disposal of Reynolds; the Same reasons corh-
pelled Lee to fight af a point farther from his base than he originally
intended, provided Meade accepted the wager of battle. Lee could
not go farther without giving his opponent a staggering blow, as he
would then be more than one day's march from the South Moun"-
tains, through whose defiles he had a secure retreat, with the; power
to protect his columns and trains by small detachments if he failed
in complete success, as, in any event, he must substantially save his
army.

If he retired through Maryland into Virginia, he fell back again
upon his scanty supplies ; foreign recognition was abandoned, and
Vicksburg was left to her fate. ' '

Nor had Meade designed or desired to fight at Gettysburg. ' The
line of Pipe Creek between Middleburg and Manchester was better
adapted to cover Baltimore and Washington, and his depot; West-
minster, would be in the direct rear of his centre.

The rank and file of Lee's army, no matter what he and Long-
street thought, believed' profoundly in their power to whip their

2 2 2 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

great antagonist to the point of disintegration. They had repulsed
the Army of the Potomac at Fredericksburg, after an obstinacy that
seemed to admit of no denial, for the charge on Marye's heights was
equal in gallantry and devotion to that of Pickett's division within
our view, and they had driven the same army across the Rappahan-
nock when ■ ' Fighting Joe " Hooker, for inexplicable reasons, failed
to fight his army.

Loeking to great, and perhaps decisive results, every nerve had
been strained to convert the Army of Northern Virginia into the most
powerful weapon the Confederacy could forge. Its ranks comprised
as good fighting material as the world has ever produced, in a good
cause or in a bad cause. The reputation of Lee, so considerable in
Mexico and afterwards, that he was considered the legitimate suc-
cessor of Winfield Scott, had grown on the Peninsula, immeasurably
advanced at the second Manassas, had reached a dazzling altitude at
Fredericksburg and' Chancellorsville, and he was thought to be
invincible.

His three great infantry corps, each counting far more than any of
ours, were severally equalized to the number of 25,000 men ; and his
three lieutenant generals and nine division commanders were
the product of West Point, veterans in service, and excepting two or
three names, without professional rivals in the Confederacy.

They were already hailed with the prophecy of victory. The Con-
federate historian of the Lost Cause says :

•'On the plains near Culpepper were the preparations made for
the great campaign. It was the beautiful month of May. All was
bustle and activity ; the freshness of the air and the glow of expecta-
tion animated the busy scene. Trains were hurried up, filled with
munitions of war; new and splendid batteries of artillery were added
to the army ; the troops, as far as possible, were newly equipped ;
and ordnance trains were filled to their utmost capacity.

"The cavalry, 15,000 strong, were reviewed at Brandy Station;
crowds attended the display ; and General Stuart, the gallant com-
mander, whose only weakness was military foppery and an inordinate
desire of female admiration, rode along the lines on a horse almost
covered with bouquets. Nearly a week was consumed in reviewing
cavalry, infantry and artillery. By the first of June, all was in readi-
ness, and the advance was ordered."

J. £. B. Stuart, the Confederate Murat, fought on many another

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 25

field untiJl he fell mortally wounded in his disastrous combat with
Sheridan, at Yellow Tavern ;

" In the lost battle, borne down by the flying,

Where mingles war's rattle with groans of the dying."

Lieutenant General Longstreet continued to be a tower of strength
to Lee, until he was named by the latter as one of the Commission-
ers to carry out the terms of the surrender of the Army of Northern
Virginia. Lieutenant General Ewell was captured with five other
general officers, and the rank and file of his corps, by Sheridan at thft
desperate battle of Sailor's Creek, and Lieutenant General A. P. Hill,
sustained his great reputation on every battle field until shot through
the heart on the last day the Confederate lines were held before
Richmond, when his body was carried to his home in Petersburg, a.
resting place to be occupied on the following morning by another
Lieutenant General, commanding the armies of the United States !

The Confederate advance had been ordered on the first of June,,
and on the evening of the first of July, this host stood mostly on the
ground now within our view, with hopes high advanced by successes.
in the valley, and by the defeat of the corps of the Army of the
Potomac, commanded by Reynolds. But Reynolds, although
greatly outnumbered, had fought with a skill and obstinacy that per-
suaded the enemy to believe the greater part of the Army of the-
Potomac was here, and Lee paused when perhaps he could hav&
seized those heights, to await his divisions in the rear.

In the afternoon Meade sent Hancock to replace the lifeless-
Reynolds and report upon the propriety of accepting this as a battle
field, while whatever preparation he had made, looked to the line of
Pipe Creek, for the reasons I have stated. I was lying on the ground
in a corner of General Meade's tent at Taneytown, when Hancock's
reply came, partially approving this line^ The advantages of Pipe
Creek were thought to be counter-balanced by the moral effect of
joining our brave comrades who had fought here, instead of with-
drawing them, and giving the impression of a retreat.

Meade boldly decided to advance his converging corps, and as-
soon as the orders could be written and forwarded, he mounted,
and with his staff rode rapidly to the front. It was a moonlight
night. We started before midnight and covered the distance of four-

2 24 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

teen miles by one o'clock in the morning. And I recall with distint-
«ess the solemnity of our reflections and discussions !

The issue was now joined. Had Meade retired to Pipe Creek,
Lee, after the success of the first day, might perhaps have withdrawn
to his base with his prisoners and spoils, and without vital loss of
prestige. But when Meade daringly accepted the gage, Lee must
fight here, and he must fight at once, for every day that he was com-
pelled to lie in order of battle, his further accumulation of booty was
stopped, and his supplies were diminished ; and you and I know,
■comrades, that other things being considered, an army fights upon
its belly.

Content with presenting these general considerations, I shall now
-confine myself briefly to the part enacted by our regiment in this con-
test of giants, using unsparingly the careful paper lately prepared by
•Colonel Westbrook, wilh the consent of that accomplished officer.
His professional education had eminently prepared him for a topo-
graphical study, and his intelligent command at Chancellorsville, and
on this field, up to the time he was permanently disabled by his
second wound, give entire assurance of his accuracy and discrimi-
nation.

General Lee's left wing held the town of Gettysburg, and Ewell
hoped to effect a lodgment on the right and rear of the Union line
-along the slopes, and at the base of Gulp's Hill. His plan of battle
■was a co-operating movement of his right and left wings, with men-
acing demonstrations on our centre, to prevent the troops therefrom
reenforcing in front of his more serious attacks. Had his plans
succeeded, Longstreet's and Ewell's corps would have met each
•other, on or near the Taneytown road, in the rear of General Meade's
headquarters and of the centre of his army ; in the vicinity of our
reserves of artillery and ammunition ; in reach of all our trains ; and
vue should not have been here to dedicate a monument on the field
•of Gettysburg.

Longstreet's prescribed order of battle, in which he did not agree,
was on taking position with his magnificent corps on our left, to
sweep up the Emmettsburg road, under cover of his batteries, and
■roll up our lines in the direction of Cemetery Hill. It was to be an
•oblique order of battle, in which the attacking line formed obli-
•quely to its opponent, marches directly forward constantly break-
ing in the end of his enemy's line, and joining his rear.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 225

The Third Corps formation, in its second position, considerably
thrown out in advance of the general line from Cemetery Hill to the
Round Tops, with an angle at the Peach Orchard, favored the exe-
cution of such an order of battle. But, if in the progress of the
attacking column, any physical or material obstacle is met, that can-
not be overcome by the attacking column, the oblique order of bat-
tle fails, as would any other ; and in the providence of God, it was
given to this regiment to make such an obstacle, for successive and
bloody hours ; melting away, but holding the line until other posi-
tions were sufficiently relieved, to permit Hancock to prevent its
complete sacrifice.

It was at four o'clock in the afternoon that the bugle sounded, for
the advance of the Third Corps, from the general line of battle of our
army ; and as Longstreet's dispositions had just been completed for
his oblique order of battle, the terrific attack made by his corps
seemed to be in response to the invitation of that bugle call. I shall
not here attempt a detailed description of one of the most desperate
assaults made by that great soldier, in all the history of the redoubt-
able army of Northern Virginia. Our corps was struck at the
southern base of Devil's Den, as if with the malignity of demons
issuing from their fastnesses, und the attack then rolled up to the
Peach Orchard and along the Emmettsburg road to Codori's.

The oblique order of battle was forging its way !

To support Graham at the Peach Orchard, Burling's brigade of our
division, and every regiment of our brigade except our own, was
removed ; the last withdrawn being Burns with ihe Fourth Excelsior,
who charged the enemy with ringing cheers, following the lines of
Graham, whose angle was broken about six o'clock.

The One Hundred and Twentieth was left stark alone. Advanc-
ing some fifty feet at this hour, to gain the partial proteciotn of a
stone wall, the regiment laid down, and here some gallant spirits
lost their lives while standing up to brave the fire and examine the
movements of the enemy. Barksdale and WofTord having broken
the lines of Graham, the former next proceeded to get our regiment
out of his way, that the oblique order of battle might not be disturbed.
But Barksdale could not get the One Hundred and Twentieth out of
his way in time to make the combined movement a succcessful one
in the two hours of daylight left. Though less than one hundred of
our men came unharmed out of that murderous fire, this regiment

15

2 26 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

held the line until after seven o'clock, when another regiment took its
place, enabling the One Hundred and Twentieth to retire with Carr's
brigade, and it was while the two wings were being side-stepped to
unmask the relieving force that Colonel Westbrook received his sec-
ond wound and was carried from the field. He was succeeded in
command by that fearless soldier, John Rudolph Tappen, who left
the army near the close of the war with a reputation for courage and
capacity second to no other field officer in the Army of the Potomac.

At the ridge, to which our regiment retired with Carr's brigade, it
was confronted by the brigades of Wilcox, Perry and White ; our
own men being opposite to Perry.

Wright pierced our line on the right, and as this was the main line,
the peril was extreme. But he was not supported ; Wilcox leaves
500 of his 1,600 men on Carr's front ; Pender hurrying up to the
right to restore the attack, is mortally wounded, Wright is hurled
back by Webb and Stannard of the Second Corps ; the hour is 7:45 ;
darkness is approaching, and the oblique order of battle has failed.

In explanaiion of this failure no accounts of the battle tell us
what Barksdale was doing between the hours of 6:30 and 7:15. Dur-
ing this time Barksdale disappears from history to reappear again at
7.30 in front of Willard, after marching a distance of 500 yards,
over open fields encountering nothing but stragglers.

During all the time the regiment was subjected to this fearful
experience, there was but one movement and this was a refusal of
the left. Doubleday says that when Birney assumed command of
the Third Corps, after the wounding of Sickles, he ordered Hum-
phreys to move his left wing back, to form a new oblique line to the
ridge in connection with his own (Birney's) division, and that he
(Humphreys) was obliged, while executing the difficult manoeuvre of
a change of front to rear, to contend with Barksdale's brigade ; and
Humphreys was there, in the rear of our regiment and with ours
only.

General Hunt, Chief of Artillery, says that the angle of the Peach
Orchard was broken towards six o'clock, with great loss on both
sides, that three of Anderson's brigades were advancing on Hum-
phreys, who received orders from Birney to throw back his left, form
an oblique line in his rear, and connect with the right of Birney's
division then retiring. Our regiment alone executed that manoeu-
ver, and Humphreys and Brewster, our brigade commander, at.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 2 7

once took positions personally in the rear of our lines, Humphreys
being mounted and Brewster on foot.

DeTrobriand, writing lately, and after he had been able to examine
all the other authorities, says that Humphreys' position was gravely
compromised after Graham had been dislodged from the Peach
Orcha'rd. The rebels outflanked his left, and they were moving to
attack his front at the same time. Then with splendid coolness, and
under a terrible fire, he effected a change of front without ceasing to
carry on the combat. His right held on to the Emmettsburgh road
(that was Carr's brigade), and his left extended towards Round Top
in the direction where Birney wished to form a new line, and this
undaunted left was the One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment. And
DeTrobriand adds that this dangerous movement could not have
been carried out, except with troops extremely firm, and at the cost
of great sacrifices.

Bravo ! DeTrobriand !

Did our regiment have any assistance in this trying hour ? From
the shattered commands of Graham, there came a few who took
position in our ranks, and some also with Brewster came to stand
side by side with "the men who held the line." But if any other
regiment, or battalion, or organized body did take part in this hold-
ing of the line, or in this change of front, so applauded by the his-
torians, let the claim be made, and, on fair proof, the One Hnndred
and Twentieth will ungrudgingly consent to share its laurels. We
know something of Humphre)-s, and the country knows something
of that great soldier when he afterwards became Chief of Staff, and
succeeded Hancock in the command of the Second Corps. When,
in the general confusion of the field, he placed himself in the rear
of our ranks, standing alone on a line which had been stripped for
the salvation of others, he proclaimed in the most affirmative manner
that this was then the vital point ; and while he was powerless to
afford relief except by his presence and example ; while death stared
him in the face, and it did not seem possible to those who watched
him slowly riding in the rear of our formation, that he should escape,
he chose to take his part with " the men that held the line."

I can now add few incidents to illustrate the story. It is splendid
in its simplicity ; and it was a square stand-up fight from first to
last. As Wellington said at Waterloo, "Hard pounding, this,
gentlemen ; but we will pound the longest." The eye could not be

2 28 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

turned in any direction along our line without seeing men fall at
every moment. All the details to these colors that we bring with us
to-day, were successively shot down, yet none shrank from the
honor of carrying them. They went down from time to time, to be
immediately raised in defiance, and were sometimes borne by offi-
cers, as in the case of Everett, until another detail could be made.
The national color was last committed by Major Tappen to the
hands of Sergeant John I. Spoor, who carried it throughout the
remaining conflict, and was recommended for promotion for con-
spicuous gallantry, immediately after the battle. When the staff was
broken by a shot. Spoor placed one hand above the fracture, and
thus held the color erect.

Of the officers Ketcham first fell, refusing to take cover and brav-
ing the enemy's fire. Then Barker came from the left to report
Barksdale's advance, and returning to his company had no sooner
ordered his men up, and to fire, than he was killed by the return fire
of the Mississippians. Then came the crisis of fate for Creighton,
and Hollister, and Freileweh, and Burhans, and Carle, chivalric
specimens of the best native, and adopted blood of Ulster and
Greene. Of the last named. Carle, it is mournful to add that he
was found two days later in a position where assistance had failed to
reach him, still alive, but insensible ; and so he passed to rejoin his
companions. The last officer killed was our much loved Willie
Cockburn. He had been wounded, and was being helped from the
field by his tentmate, when another ball struck him, and he informed
his companion gravely, but with a touch of the old vivacity, that the
hurt was mortal.

In many cases wounds were concealed, and one officer was de-
tailed to assist General Sickles, who had himself been injured, and
was fit for no duty except to encourage his men. When the regi-
ment retired at dark Captain Snyder and Lieutenant Turner, together,
were with those bringing off the colors when Turner lost his arm,
and Snyder became commander of the improvised color guard. On
reaching the point where the remains of the five Excelsior regiments
had gathered, Colonel Farnum was found in command, giving loud
expression to the admiration of himself and comrades of that veteran
brigade for the conspicuous gallantry and stubbornness of " the men
who held the line," calling for the name of each officer and man for
official recognition. The killed and wounded. 203 in number, of

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 2 29

course made no answer, and of the rest some had gone in attend-
ance upon wounded comrades, and others may have been looking
for tentmates on the field, but the names of those present were taken,
and Major Tappen, Captain Snyder and Lieutenants Everett, and
Simpkins, with eighteen men, made up the roll.

I would that I could name them all ; all of those 203, who out of
a total of 356 armed men and 27 officers, make a proportionate loss
nearly unequaled on this immortal field.

But since this cannot be, we dedicate this monument to-day to
their everlasting memory. We dedicate it also to their comrades
who joined them from other fields of victory and defeat ; to the
memory of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville ; of James City and
Mine Run ; of the Wilderness and Spottsylvania ; of the North
Anna and the Totopt)tomoy ; of Cold Harbor and Petersburg ; of
Strawberry Plains and Deep Bottom ; of Poplar Spring Church and
the Boydton Plank Road ; of Hatcher's Run and Tucker's House ;
of the White Oak Road and Amelia Springs ; of Farmville and
Appomattox Court House — to them and to their glories, forever.

How rich are treasures of the One Hundred and Twentieth in the
clear upper sky!

O, Brothers, whose valour is the occasion of this solemnity, bend
an ear from the peaceful fields which are now your home and par-
don these last efforts of a voice which was not unknown to you!

And we, who remain, shall draw from your example fresh lessons
of virtue and self-denial, and patriotic endeavor.

At the close of the oration, the .following poem, writ-
ten for the occasion was read, in the absence of its
author, by Mr. Egbert Lewis. Its patriotic sentiment
and animated expression, instinct with the bright, yet
tender memories of the late struggle and victory found,
as the oration had done, an echo in the heart of every
listener. General H. W. Slocum, whose brilliant record
as one of the prominent leaders in the war all the coun-
try knows, accepted the monument on behalf of the
State of New York, in a brief and felicitous address,
which does not appear here only for the reason that no

2 30 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

report of it has been preserved. The monument itself,
as designed and completed, is a " castellated tower of
Quincy granite, 28 feet high, surmounted by the Third
Corps badge, and bearing also in bronze the arms of
the State of New York, and inscriptions setting forth
the record of the regiment in the battle, its strength and
losses and the names of the twenty-two battles in which
it was engaged."

The Rev. B. C. Lippincott closed, with the benedic-
tion, the impressive ceremonies of the day.

THE POEM.
THE MEN WHO HELD THE LINE.

BY WILL CARLETON.

Right brave the clash of the cavalry's dash,

As it sweeps o'er hill and plain,
While bugles sing, and banners fling

Their smiles to the glorious slain ;
With footsteps solemn the serried column

May grandly cross the field,
While red gaps made by the ball's round blade.

By heroes are swiftly healed ;
The charge's story is full of glory.

In history-wreaths to shine ;
But bravest of all, we still must call

The men who hold the line !

'Tis brave to rush, in the onset's flush,
With pride in the praise-strewn air,

And woo the smile of the great guns, while
You capture your rivals there ;

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.. 23 I

The death-Steep blade of the barricade

To climb, on steps blood-bought,
And raise to the sight rich colors bright,

That lender hands have wrought ;
'Tis grand to ride on the battle's tide,

And follow Victory's sign ;
But bravest of all — to fight or fall —

And steadily hold the line !

O men out there in the July glare.

Who redden the green grass leaves !
This harvest-field gives bloody yield ;

And dead men are the sheaves !
Your flags ^re dim in the smoke-clouds grim —

Or gleam with a costly stain ;
At each gun's call, your brothers fall,

And die, with a moan of pain.
Ah, many a grief, past all relief,

Must e'en with victory twine ;
But you who stand in that station grand.

For God's sake, hold the line !

You fight, 'tis plain, with hand and brain,

You strike with vision keen ;
With every blow you feel and know

What 'tis that you stand between !
Grim malice and rage your homes engage ;

Destruction looms in view ;
And all that you prize beneath the skies.

May now depend on you !
For Heaven you fight, and defend the right ;

Your blows are all divine ;
O men that stand by the Union land —

For God's sake, hold the line !

They pray for you on hill-sides blue ;

By the river's sweet cold tide ;
They hover by ; and their hearts come nigh.

And fight here by your side !

232 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

Friends far away see you to-day —

The dead are looking on ;
Angels are near ; and Heaven will hear

By whom was this battle won.
To-day will our land more firmly stand,

Or sink toward decline ;
A fame that endures forever is yours,

If you but hold the line !

The battle is done ; the smoke-veiled sun

Creeps low to a misty west ;
Fair Victory's crown sweeps grandly down

On those who have fought the best
Once more the tide of the foeman's pride

Is rolled, like a torrent, back ;
Rebellion's way, from this very day.

Will creep on a downward track.
Lift proud the head — O living and dead !

You have compassed Heaven's design !
In every zone you shall e'er be known

As the men who held the line !

ROSTER AND RECORD

OF THE

One Hundred and Twentieth Regiment

NEW FORK STATE VOLUNTEERS.
1862-1865.

CONCERNING THE ROSTER AND RECORD.

The following is a "Roster" of all the names borne upon the
Muster-rolls of the Regiment, with a brief record of each, giving par-
ticulars in order, as follows : Name ; Age ; Date of Enlistment ;
Place of Residence or Enlistment ; Transfer ; Date and Cause of
Discharge ; Muster out ; Remarks. Such additions have also been
made to the records and history of the men, as it has been found
possible to obtain.

ROSTER AND RECORD

— OF —

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. V.

Colonel.

FIELD AND STAFF.

Sharpe, George H. Had been a Captain in the 20th N. Y. S. M., in the three
months' service. In the Spring of 1863, he was ordered upon the general staff
of the Army of the Potomac, where he continued during the command of that
army by General Hooker and General Meade. After the battle of Chancellors-
ville he succeeded in making a cartel with the Confederates for the imme-
diate delivery to the U. S. authorities of the wounded left by the Army of the
Potomac on the Chancellorsville battlefield. When Lieutenant General
Grant came east and assumed the personal direction of the Army of the
Potomac, Colonel Sharpe was assigned to duty on his staff, being detailed to
headquarters of the armies operating against Richmond. He served person-
ally with General Grant in all the final operations of the war and until he was
mustered out in June, 1865. Under the terms of surrender at Appomattox
Court House, Virginia, he was designated to parole General Lee's Army of
Northern Virginia. He was Brevetted Brigadier General U. S. V. in 1864,
and Major General U. S. V. in 1865.

Lieutenant-Colonels.

"Westbrook, C. D. Had been a Captain in the 20th N. Y. S. M. and served as
Adjutant of the 120th during the organization of the Regiment. Being twice
wounded at Gettysburg, he was honorably discharged in February, 1864.

Tappen, Major John Rudolph. Had been a Captain in the 20th N. Y. S. M.
Was promoted to Lieutenant-Colonel and succeeded Col. Westbrook upon the
latter's muster out. He had been wounded in the second battle of Bull Run,
and was mustered out at the expiration of his full term of service in December,

1864. Soon after his death, which occurred January 20, 1875, ^ memorial ser-
vice commemorative of his life and character was held in Kingston, of which a
full account was published. Was a Captain in the 20lh N. Y. S. M., serving
with them in the field, and was Commissioned Major in the 120th, and joined
it shortly after its arrival in Virginia.

Lockwood, Abram L. 25. June 15, 1862. Kingston. Mustered out with the
regiment at Kingston June 3, 1865. Was promoted to Major, to Lieutenant
Colonel and Brevetted Colonel of U. S. V. Was in command of the Regi-
ment during the latter part of its service, and was for a time assigned to the
command of the 74th N. Y. V., and was also for a time in command of the
nth Mass. Vols. Now living in New York City.

Major.

Scott, Walter F. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Major February 4,

1865. Died at Chapultepec, Mexico, October 8, 1881.

236 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

FIELD AND STAFF-Continued.

Adjutant.

Tulhill, Selah O. Resigned shortly after the battle of Fredericksburg, and was
succeeded by Adjutant Russell, who continued as such until the end of the war.

Quartermaster.

Coffin, Uriah H. Held the same position throughout the entire term of service
with the Regiment.

Surgeons.
Van Hoevenburgh, James O. Resigned shortly after the battle of Fredericksburg.
Van Steenburgh, Warner. Was appointed Surgeon March 12, 1863, and mustered
out with the Regiment. Died at Troy.

Brown, Edward A. Was mustered January 9, 1863, and resigned February 23,
1863.

Assistant Surgeons.

Collier, Henry A. Died in January, 1863 from the effects of exposure and unre-
mitting labor and devotion to the men, and Assistant Surgeon Van Rensselaer
was never mustered as such, preferring to remain a line officer in the 20th N.
Y. S. M.

Hogan, Edward K. Was mustered March 31, 1863, and was discharged August
II, 1864.

Miller, John N. Mustered September 10, 1862. Promoted to Surgeon 8ist Regi-
ment March 15, 1865. Died at Poughkeepsie.

Ackley, Gustavus J. Mustered March 30, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment
June 2, 1865.

Chaplain.

Hartwell, Foster. Was discharged in December, 1863 on account of disability,
and was succeeded by Chaplain Henry Hopkins, who completed the term of
service of the Regiment.

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF.

Quartermaster Sergeant.

Barber, George P. Catskill August 22, 1862. Promoted ist Lieutenant Co. K
March 17, 1863.

Commissary Sergeant.
Cockburn, William J. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to 2d Lieutenant.

Hospital Steward.

Keyser, Joseph D. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Captured October 10, 1863.
Was a prisoner at Andersonville prison for many months. Mustered out with
the Regiment. Died at Kingston August 13, 1875.

Drum Major.
Goeller, August. August 22, 1862.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 2 37

COMPANY A.

Company A was organized at Kingston, N. Y., in July and
August, 1862. The company was recruited by Captain Abram L.
Lockwood, First Lieutenant James H. Lockwood, and Second Lieu-
tenant Edward H. Ketchuni. The men were mostly from Kingston,
Hurley, and Marlborough, and a few from other towns in Ulster
County. After the Battle of Gettysburg, Captain Lockwood was
assigned to field duty, and Lieutenant Lockwood served as Aide-de-
Camp to General Mott. Lieutenant Ketchum having been killed in
that battle, the company was without a commissioned officer, present
for duty. The First Sergeant was also killed, and the Second Ser-
geant badly wounded. First Lieutenant John B. Krom, of Com-
pany C, was assigned to the command of the company about the
15th of July, 1863, and served with the company until about the ist
of November, 1S63. Captain Krom was much respected by the
company for his soldierly qualities and gentlemanly bearing. First
Lieutenant James A. Hyde, of Company G, was transferred to this
company and promoted to captain, and commanded it during the
last year of its service, with marked ability. The company partici-
pated in all the services and engagements of the regiment, and suffered
severely from the fever which prevailed during the first winter of its
service, while encamped near Falmouth, Va. Besides the wounds
which proved fatal, seventeen others received wounds. On October
10, 1863, seventeen men were taken prisoners by the enemy, in the
engagement at James City, Va. This company was deployed some
four or five hundred yards in advance of the regiment, which accounts
for its heavy loss. The original company consisted of:

Commissioned officers 3

Enlisted men 96

Received by transfer, oflBcers i 100

Of whom there were killed in action and died of
wounds, commissioned officers i

Enlisted men 10

II

Carried forward 11

238 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY A-Continued.

Brought forward if

Died in rebel prisons 7

Died of disease in camp and hospital 11 iS-

Total deaths in service 29,

Discharged on account of wounds and disability :

Commissioned officers i

Enlisted men 16

Discharged for promotion, commissioned officers. . 2

Discharged for other causes, enlisted men 10

29'

Transferred :

Enlisted men to Veteran Reserve Corps 4

Enlisted men to Company E i

5"

Deserted 4-

Mustered out at Kingston at end afwar :

Commissioned officers 2

Enlisted men - 31 35

Transferred from 71st and 7 2d Regiments, N. Y. V. 30

Of whom there was killed in action 2

Discharged for disability by general order 4

Discharged for expiration of term of service 2

Discharged as supernumerary non-commiss. officers 3

Transferred to Navy i

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps i

Transferred to 73rd Regiment, N. Y. V 14

Deserted before transfer to this company 3

ICO-

30

The company received as recruits during winter of

1863 and 1864 17

Of whom there died in hospital i

Transferred to 73rd Regiment, N. Y. V 16 17

Total enrollment 147

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 39

COMPANY A-Continued.

Captains.

Lockwood, Abram L. 25. June 15, 1862. Kingston. Mustered out with the
regiment at Kingston June 3, 1865. Was promoted to Major, to Lieutenant
Colonel and Brevetted Colonel of U. S. V. Was in command of the Regi-
ment during the latter part of its service, and was for a time assigned to the
command of the 74th N. Y. V., and was also for a lime in command of the
lith Mass. Vols. Now living in New York City.

Hyde, James A. July, 1862. Marlborough. Mustered out with the company
at Kingston June 3, 1865. Promoted from First Lieutenant of Company G
on June 4, 1864 and assigned to the command of Company A. Wounded
May 31, 1864. Living at Milton, N. Y.

First Lieutenants.

Lockwood, James H. July 15, 1862. Kingston. Discharged January 30, 1865
on account of disability from wounds. Was wounded October 27, 1864, while
serving as Aide-de-Camp on staff of General Mott. Living in Brooklyn, N. Y.

Second Lieutenants.

Ketcham, Edward H. July 15, 1862. Marlborough. Killed at dettysburg July
2, 1863.

Brooks, Thaddeus C. 21. July 18, 1862 as Sergeant. Was promoted to Second
Lieutenant and to First Lieutenant February 4, 1865, and transferred to
Company I. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Prisoner from October
10, 1863 to April, 1864. Living in Jackson, Mich.

Rosa, Levi. 29. August 11, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Entered service as private. Promoted to Corporal August 22, 1862 ; to Ser-
geant January Ilth,«l863; to First Sergeant January 23, 1864; Second Lieu-
tenant February 4, 1865 ; First Lieutenant May 17, 1865. Prisoner at Libby,
Belle Isle, Andersonville, etc., from October 10, 1863 to November 20,
1864. Living at Kingston, N. Y.

First Sergeants.

Snyder, John S. 38. August 4, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Gettysburg July

2, 1S63.
Markle, Alexander. 30. July 26. Hurley. Died April 2, 1865 of wounds

received in action March 25, 1865.
Robinson, George. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged October 15,

1864 as supernumerary.
Kittle, Hiram D. 21. August 13, 1862. Hurley. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Promoted to Sergeant January I, 1865 ; to First Sergeant April 3, 1865.

Living at Glenford, N. Y.

Sergeants.

Burger, Henry. 22. July 25, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner October 10,

1863, and died at Andersonville June 6, 1864.
Markle, John W. 18. July 28, 1862. Hurley. Diedoffever January 11, 1863

near Falmouth, Va.
Temple, Truman. 21. July 18, 1862. Hurley. Discharged G. O. No. 77, A.

G. O. April 28, 1865. Promoted to Sergeant. Wounded July 2, 1863.

Taken prisoner March 25, 1865.

240 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

COMPANY A-Continued.

Sergeants — Continued.

"Cowdrey, Clinton. 25. July 21, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Corporal.

Wounded July 2, 1863. Promoted to Sergeant April 3, 1865. Living at

Kingston, Sawkill P. O.
•Cudney, Joseph H. 22. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Wounded May 10, 1864.

Promoted to Sergeant March i, 1865.
McGinnis, James. Transferred from 72d N. Y. Y. Discharged October 15, 1S64

as supernumerary.
Marsh, William H. 22. December 22, 1863. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V.

and transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V. June i, 1865.

Corporals.

Dubois, Charles D. 22. August 15, 1862. Olive. Discharged from hospital by
G. O., No. 77, A. G. O. May 16, 1865. Wounded May 5, 1864. Living
at Jersey City, N. J.

Dumond, Charles. 22. August 11, 1862. Discharged at Kingston Jime 3, 1865.
Prisoner from October lo, 1863 till close of the war. Living at Hurley.

Jones, Lucius. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V., and transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V.
June I, 1865.

Ketcham, Charles E. 19. August 7, 1862. Marlborough. Died in 6eld hospital
February 3, 1863 of fever, near Falmouth, Va.

Maines, Fraley. 23. July 19, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Corporal. Pris-
oner from October 10, 1863 until May, 1864. Again taken prisoner March 31,
1865. Exchanged and discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865. Died 1886.

Mogel, Frederick. 22. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V., and transferred to 73d
N. Y. V. V. June i, 1865.

Moscrip, Jehial. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Killed in action March 31,
1863.

Palen, Jonathan. 23. July 31, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June 3,
1865. Promoted to Corporal April 3, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July
2, 1863. Died at Samsonville, N. Y. February 3, 1892.

Rowe, Frederick P. 2i. July 21, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kingston
June 3, 1865. Promoteu to Corporal March I, 1865. Prisoner from July 2,
1863 to September 20, 1863. Living at Kingston.

Kowe, Chauncey H. 21. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Discharged from Camp
Parole, G. O. No. 77 April 28, 1865. Promoted to Corporal. Taken pris-
oner March 31, 1865. Died in Kingston March 13, 1892.

Simmons, John A. 39. July 21, 1862. Kingston. Died in field hospital
December 21, 1864.

"Weed, George W. 35. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Discharged March 2, 1863
for disability. Living at West Hurley.

Williams, George. 35. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged as super-
numerary.

Musicians.

Balfe, Frank. 17. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Taken home while sick and
afterwards enlisted and served in another regiment, and was honorably dis-
charged. Died December 7, 1889. Belonged to G. A. R., and was buried
with the honors of the order.

Reinhart, Richard M. J. 16. August 4, 1862, Kingston. Discharged at King-
ston June 3, 1865,

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 24 1

COMPANY A-Continued.

Privates.
Arnolil, Aming W. 31. April 12,1865. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

Boice, Samuel. 21. August 13, 1862. Olive. Wounded at Chancellorsville

May 3, 1863, and died from the wounds at 3d Corps hospital May 30, 1863.
Ueadle, Jesse. 18. July 19, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June

3, 1865. Wounded July 2, 1863. Living at Kingston.
Baldwin, John H. 32. July 18, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June

3, 1865. Died since.
Brodhead, James D. 19. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R.

Corps. Wounded May 3, 1863 at Chancellorsville.
Badgley, George W . 27. August, 13, 1862. Olive. Disappeared June 28, 1863,

while on march to Gettysburg. Never since heard from.
Bundy, David A. 41. August 13, 1862. Hurley. Discharged January 5, 1863,

on account of physical disability.
Burger, Hiram. 35. December 28, 1863. Hurley. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.

V. Living at West Hurley.
Buley, Wesley. 21. January 11, 1864. Olive. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V.
Bernard, Fritz. 20. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V,; transferred to 73d N. Y.

V. V.
Hoggs, George A. 27. October 28, 1861. Delhi. Transferred from 71st N. Y.

V. DischargedNovember 7, 1864 by reason of expiration of service. Living

at Stamford, N. Y.
•Conlon, Patrick. 21. August 4, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston

June 3, 1865. Served with Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Was wounded.

Was accidentally killed October 8, 1888. Was a member oi the G. A. R.,

and was buried with the honors of the order.
Countryman, Robert H. 26. August 18, 1862. Warwarsing. Died at Ander-

sonville August 5, 1864.
Christiana, George. 35. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Died in hospital Sep-
tember 25, 1863, of wounds received in action July 2, 1863.
Cobbett, John. 22. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Discharged October 19,

1864 by reason of expiration of term of service.
Duncan, William H. 22. Augusts, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged at Kings-
ton June 3, 1865. Wounded October 14, 1864.
Dumcind, Edward B. 19. August 6, 1862. Hurley. Discharged Decembei 26,

1864. Disabled by loss of left arm at siege of Petersburg, Va. Living at
Inshkill, N. Y.

Duniond, Conrad W. 24. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Taken prisoner October

10, 1863. Died at Andersonville Prison August 14, 1864.
Dumond, Philander W. 21. August 6, l864. Hurley. Died July 31, 1863 of

wounds received in action July 2, 1863 at Gettysburg.
Dumond, William C. 28. August 4, 1862. Hurley. Died February 14. 1863,

of chronic diarrhoea.
Doyle. Abram H. 40. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston

June 3, 1865. Died since.
DuBois, John J. 24. August 11, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June 3,

1865. Living at Olive.

Delamaier, William R. 30. July 22, 1862. Kingston. Discharged January 5,
1863 from hospital on account of physical disability.

16

242 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY A-Continued.

'iK\S KT%%— Continued.

Davis, Isaac. 20. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 11, 1864,

Disabled by wounds.
Davis, David. 34. August 4, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged at Kingstoa

June 3, 1865.
Davis, Daniel. 22. August 6, 1862. Marlborough. Taken prisoner October 10^

1863. Died in prison, at Belle Isle, March i, 1864.

Davis, Ferris G. 21. August 6, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged January 5,

1864. Disabled by wounds.

Devoe, George. 35. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

V. V.
Drew, Philip. 40. September 29, 1862. New York. Transferred to Navy-
August 27, 1864, by order War Department.
Ellsworth, William H. 44. July 22, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kingston

June 3, 1865. Living at Hurley.
Ennist, James. 18. April 12, 1865. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V>
Freer, John J. 27. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Discharged by G. O., No. 77, A.

G. O. April 28, 1865. Wounded May 5, 1864. Living at Stone Ridge.
Farrington, Thomas H. 30. Transfeired from 71st N- Y. V. Never reported

for duty. Discharged by G. O., No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865.
Fox, Joseph. 22. April 12, 1865. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V.
Gridley, William. 21. Decemlier 10, 1863. Woodstock. Transferred to 73d N.

Y. V. V. Living at Woodstock.
Gerhardt, Jacob. 55. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N.

Y. V. V.
Herron, Charles. 19. August 5, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston

June 3, 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 to November 20, 1864.
Hughes, John R. 18. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action May 5,

1864.
Hockrin. Nicholas. 43. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N.

Y. V. V.
Hughes, George. 19. July 2, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V.
Hughes, Daniel. 20. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged for disability

by order War Department.
Ingraham, Gilbert 30. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N.

Y. V. V.
Joy, Peter Jr. 25. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June
3, 1865. Was wounded.

Kittle, John E. 20. August 13, 1862. Hurley. Killed in action May 31, 1864.
Knapp, Jerome B. 28. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Discharged by G. O., No.

77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Prisoner from October io, 1863 to end of war.

Died July 22, 1885. Was a member of the G, A. R., and was buried with

the honors of the order.
Kimbark, John H. 21. August 7, 1862. Marlborough. Died in hospital April

5, 1863 of lever.
Keator, Alfred L. 27. January 18, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

V. V. Was wounded April 6, 1865.
Loncoy, George. 19. July 31, 1862. Kiagston. Discharged by G. O., No. 77,

A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1803, to end of war.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENl'IETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 243

COMPANY A-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Loughran, Nichnlas. 35. July 30, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action May 3,

1863 at Chancellorsville.
Lee, Morris. 23. August 12, 1863. Marlborough. Discharged at Kingston June

3, 1865. Died at Wappingers Falls, N. Y.
Lockwood, John W. 35. July 25, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston

June 3, 1865. Died September, 1888. Was a member of the G. A. R., and

was buried with the honors ot the order.

Larkin, Eugene li. 27. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Transferred to V. R.
Corps.

Leonard, Patricl;. 21. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Discharged by G. O.,

No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865.
Laon, James. 24. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V.
Moe, Ezra L. 21. August 6, 1862. Olive. Discharged from hospital by G. O. ,

No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865.
Moe, George W. 22. August 7, 1862. Olive. Discharged from hospital by G.

O., No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Wounded July 2, 1863.
Moe, William H. 22. August 5, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June

3, 1865. Served in Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Living at Olive.
Mains. Abram. ig. July 18, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3,

1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 to May, 1864. Died at Kingston.
Masten, Hezekiah. 21. August II, 1862. Marlborough. Transferred to V. R.

Corps, for disability.
Mackey, John H. 18. August 12, 1862. Marlborough. Died in hospital near

Falmouth, Va. January 5, 1863 of fever.
Margenson, John. 21. August 7, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged at Kingston

June 3, 1865. Wnunded May 10, 1864.
Miller, Henry. 30. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Discharged by G. O., No.

77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Wounded November, 1862.
Myers, Henry. 35. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

V. V.
McNamara, Michael. 37. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d

N. Y. V V.
Osterhoudt, Peter V. 24. fuly 31, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June

3, 1865.
Offerman, John. 33. Attica.
Plass, Abram H. 31. July 19, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June

3, 1865. Living at Amsterdam, N. Y.
Plascnt, John. 23. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

V. V. Wounded, August, 1864.
Qailty, James. 23. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

V. V.
Rhodes, William H. July 30, 1862. Kingston. Discharged by G. O., No. 77,

A. G. O. April 28, 1863. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 to November 20,

1864. Wounded, March 31, 1865.
Ryan, James. 18. July 29, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3,
1865. Wounded July 2, 1863. Living at Kingston,
liice, Julian D. 26. August II, 1862. Kingston. Prisoner October 10,1863,

and died in Andersonville prison March, 1804.

244 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY A-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Rosepaugh, Dubois. i8. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Prisoner October 10,

1863, and died in Andersonville prison July 4, 1864.

Roe, William W. 24. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action at Chancel-

lorsville May 3, 1863.
Rose, George M. August 13, 1862. Olive. Died of fever January 17, 1863 near

Falmouth, Va.
Snyder, William. 34. August 5, 1862. Hurley. Discharged January 5, 1863

on account of physical disability. Living at West Hurley.
Schryver, Richard P. 44. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kings-
ton June 3, 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 to .March 6, 1864.
Shultis, Isaac E. 34. August 12, 1862. Woodstock. Died of fever December

20, 1862 near Falmouth, Va.
Sickler, Gilbert D. 18. July 19, 1862. Kingston. Discharged January 19, 1863

on account of physical disability. Living at Rondout, N. Y.
Scars, Orrin D. ig. July 18, 1862. Shandaken. Ix)st near "Point of Rocks,"

Md. June 28, 1863, while on march to Gettysburg. Never heard from to this

time.
Simmons, David A. 21. January 4, 1864. Hurley. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

V. V. Living at West Hurley.
Smith, Philip. 21. January 4, 1864. Hurley. Died in Hospital August 10, 1864

of chronic diarrhoea.

Smith, William. 34. July 18, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston June 3,
1865.

Smith, John. 32. Transferred from 71st N.Y.V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V.

Schrader, Jacob. 18. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

Spencer, Edwin. 24. January 11, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y,

Temple, Alexander. 21. January 4, 1864. Hurley. Transferred to 73d ^. Y.

Terwilliger, Elmore. 18. August I, 1862. Marlborough. Killed in action

October 27, 1864.
Terwilliger, Jeremiah. i8. August 7, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged at

Kingston June 3, 1865. Prisoner from October 10, 1863 to Novemtier 20,

1864. Living in New York City.

Terbush, Isaac. 40. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. Corps.
Died at Kingston April, 18S7.

Toth, Franklin. 23. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Died November 3, 1862 of
fever.

VanTassel, Elijah. 18. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Veteran Re-
serve Corps. Wounded, May 3, 1863. Living at Saugerties.

VatiTassel, David. 27. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston
June 3, 1865. Dead.

Van Leuven, John A. 43. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Died, May 10, 1865 of
congestion.

Van Velsen, Jacob W. 22. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Wounded and taken

prisoner October 10, 1863, and died in Andersonville prison March 20, 1864.

Vill, Michael. 26. Transfered from 71st N. Y. V. Killed in action July 27, 1864.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2dJS

COMPANY A-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Wolvei), Andrew. 29. August 5, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kin jston
June 3, 1865. Wounded July 2, l£63 and May 10, 1864. Died at West
Hurley, November 10, 1890. Was a member of the G. A. K., and was buried
with the honors of the order.

Wolven, Moses. 26. August 12, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kingston June
3, 1865. Living at West Hurley.

Wolven, Nathan. 24. August 6, 1862. Hurley. Discharged at Kingston June
3, 1865. Living at West Hurley.

Warren, Austin L 34. August 13, 1862. Olive. Discharged at Kingston June
3, 1865. Dead.

Warren, Washington. 25. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Discharged from hos-
pital by G. O. No. 77, A. G. O. April 28, 1865. Wounded May 5,1864.

White, William. 32. August II, 1862. Kingston. Discharged at Kingston
June 3, 1865. Prisoner from July 2, 1863 to September 20, 1863. Wounded
November 29, 1863. Died at Kingston January 4, 1892.

Winchell, Gilbert D. 18. March 7, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y.
V. V. Living in Illinois.

Wade, John C. 24. January 24, 1864. Olive. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. V.

Warren, Henry, 21. January 25, 1864. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

Wands, George R. 18. December 14, 1863. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N.
Y. V. V. Wounded Mays, 1864. Living.

Ware, John A. 29. July 31, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Company E, 120th

N. Y. V.
York, William. 30. August 11, 1862. Marlborough. Discharged at Kingston

June 3, 1865. Wounded July 2, 1863. Living at Milton.

The following deserted from the Company ; David A. Martin, James H. Dela-
mater, Wm. H. Lane, Wm. D. Myers.

The following were transferred to the Company, as deserters from the 71st Regi-
ment, N. Y. V. : Patrick Dunn, Mictiael Havcrty, Chas. Partenheimer.

246 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY B.

Company B was recruited by Captain Simon S. Westbrook, First
Lieutenant Rodney B. Newkirk, and Second Lieutenant Dumond
Elmendorf. Captain Westbrook and Lieutenant Elmendorf were
discharged for physical disability, and Lieutenant Newkirk was pro-
moted to Captain, and remained in command of the company until
the close of the war. Second Lieutenant William A. Norton, of
Company C, was promoted to First Lieutenant of the company, but
did not serve with it, and was discharged for physical disstbility,
August 28, 1863. First Sergeant Edgar Simpkins was promoted to
Second Lieutenant, and to First Lieutenant. Ambrose M. Barber,
Sergeant Major, was promoted to Second Lieutenant of this company,
August 16, 1864, and to Captain of Company I, February 4, 1865.
Albert Carr was promoted to Sergeant Major, August 22, 1862.
Albert Rider was promoted Second Lieutenant, Company \, in Novem-
ber, 1863. The company entered the service with :

Commissioned officers 3

Enlisted men 94 97

Of the number, there were killed in action or died

from wounds 11

Died from disease and accident 13

Total deaths in service 24

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 13

Discharged for physical disability 13

Transferred for promotion 4

Reported as deserted 8

Mustered out with regiment, and by general orders. 35 73

97
Joined by transfer officer i

In the later part of the year 1864, a number of recruits were received,
and the re-enlisted men of the 71st and 72d Regiments, N. Y. V.,
were transferred. Company B had an addition, in this way, of 66
men to its company roll, making the total number on the roll 164,
although not more than one-half actually served with the company.

ONE HUlfDRED AND TWeNTIBTH N. Y.S. VOLS. 247

The missing in action, deserters, sick and detailed men, of the 71st
and 7 2d, being taken up on the company's rolls. In all these com-
pany records the list of deserters is larger than it should be, as many of
those reported as deserters on the rolls, fell out of the ranks, sick, and
were sent to hospital, or taken prisoners by the enemy, and to this
<lay the fate of many of them is unknown to those who should have
heard from them if they were living, at the close of the war. Of the
•transferred men, there were :

Killed inaction 3

Died of disease 2

The following is a copy of the muster out roll of Company B, to
•which is added such other personal history as is available :

Captains.

"Westbrook, Simon S. 40. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Discliarged April 13,
1863 on Surgeon's certificate of disability. In 1864 he was elected Sheriff
of Ulster county. He afterward held the offices of City Assessor and Justice
of the Peace. He died December 29, 1891, aged 70 years.

l^ewkirk, Rodney B. 24. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3,
1865. First Lieutenant, promoted to Captain April 13, 1863. Wounded
March 25, 1865. Died in 1868, unmarried. The One Hundred and Twen-
tieth Regimental Union erected a Monument at his grave in the Sharpe burial
grounds, in Kingston.

Lieutenants.

Norton, William A. August 22, 1862. New York. Discharged August 28, 1863
on Surgeon's certificate of disability. Promoted from Second Lieutenant,
Company C April 13, 1863. Now living in New York city.

Simpkins, Edgar. 24. July 22, 1862. Kingston. Promoted from First Ser-
geant to Second Lieutenant April 13, 1863 ; First Lieutenant July 5, 1864.
Detailed to draft rendezvous at Riker's Island, N. Y. in July, 1863. He
remained on detached service till he lost his life by the burning at sea of the
U. S. Transport General Lyon March 31, 1865.

JElmendorf, Dumond. 37. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Discharged April 1,
1863 on Surgeons certificate of disability, and died at Kingston, 1876.

Barber, Ambrose M. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Discharged February 4,
1865. Promoted from private to Sergeant November i, 1863 ; to Sergeant-
Major May 5, 1864 ; Second Lieutenant August 16, 1864 ; to Captain Com-
pany I, February 4, 1865. Wounded May 5, 1864. Present address, Brook-
lyn, N. Y.

■Wood, James N. 18. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans-
ferred to 73d ; not mustered. Discharged June 3, 1865. Was promoted from
Sergeant to First Lieutenant January, 1865. Wounded October 2, 1864.

Sergeants.

Tolant, William H. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Promoted from Sergeant to First Sergeant November i, 1863. Commissioned
Second Lieutenant ; not mustered. Wounded at Poplar Grove Church, and in
front of Petersburg. Residence Kingston, N. Y.

248 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY B-Continued.

Sergeants — Continued.

Philips, Stephen H. 32. July 28, 1862. Samsonville. Deserted from General
hospital May 18, 1863.

Elmendorf, Benjamin. 26. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Discharged February
19, 1863 on account of disability. Present residence Hurley, N. Y.

Gossoo, Ambrose S. 25. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Discharged February 13,
1865 on account of wounds received at Gettysburg, Pa. July 2, 1862. Pres-
ent residence Pine Hill, N. Y.

Atkins, Alfred. 23. July 26, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Corporal March i,
1863 ; to Sergeant November i, 1863. Killed in action October 27, 1864.

VanEtten, Mortimer. 36. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Promoted from Corporal
to Sergeant March I, 18^. Died in general hospital June 5, 1863, from
wounds received at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863.

Lawffer, Jacob. 18. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged June 20, 1864 by G. O.
No. 76 War Department 1863.

Burke, John. 37. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 72d Regiment June 20, 1864. Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant
March 7, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V.

Menger, Frederick. 31. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. June 20, 1864. Promoted from.
Corporal to Sergeant May 20, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V.

O'Brien, William. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Promoted from Corporal to Sergeant November I, 1863. Wounded at Get-
tysburg July 2, 1863.

Dean, James. 23. August 22, 1862. New York. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. June 20, 1864, as Corporal pro-
moted to Sergeant February 13, 1865.

Corporals.

Smith, Henry. 41. August 4, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Ranson, Albert H. 19. Augnst 3, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Absent sick. Taken prisoner May 5, 1864.

Bray, Hilan. 24. July 29, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Gettysburg, Pa. July 2,
1863.

Bishop, Barnett. 21. July 29, 1862. Kingston.- Killed in action at Chancellors-
ville May 3, 1863.

Merritt, Peter. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Absent sick. Died at Kingston December 4, 1886.

Barham, John. 28. August 2. 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C. Aug-
ust 10, 1864.

Mallon, Thomas. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. June 20, 1864 ; transferred to 73d N.
Y. V. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Eck, Andrew. 33. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Laid, John. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Transferred to 7jd Regiment N. Y. V>
Discharged June 3, 1865. Taken prisoner November 6, 1864.

Berrand, Adam. 26. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Promoted to Corporal March 7
1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged June 3, 1865.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 249

COMPANY B-Continued.

Corporals — Continued.

Gleason, Michael. 28. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Discliarged by G. O. 86, War

Department.
Loderhose, George. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged by G. O. 86, War

Department.
Dean, Henry VV. 18. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Wounded at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. Promoted to Corporal February 13,

1S65.
Mann, Peter. 32. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged by G. O. 86, War Depart.

ment.
Chase, Clarke. 21. August g, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 12, 1864.

Promoted to Corporal March I, 1864. Died from wounds received in action

May 31, 1864.
Shirter, Richard G. 20. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 71st Regiment N. Y. V. July 7, 1864. Mustered out by G.

O. 77, War Department. Taken prisoner March 25, 1865. Wounded No-
vember 5, 1864.

Musicians.

McClung, William B. 19. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Died at Brandy Station,
Virginia March 4, 1864.

Terwilliger, Aaron B. 30. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R.
C. April, 1864. Residence Kingston, N. Y.

Dorse, John. 17. September i, 1862. New York. Transferred from 71st N.
Y. Y. July 7, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865.

King, Julius. 16. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 72d Regiment N. Y. V. June 20, 1864 transferred to 73d Regi-
ment N. Y. V. June, 1865.

Wagoner.

Deyo, James. 40. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865,
Residence Lexington, N. Y.

Privates.

Armstrong, Orrin A. 28. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Mustered out by G. O.
77, War Department. Wounded May 31, 1864. Died October 1870.

Avery, Sniffin. 24. August 20, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Avery, George H. 22. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from General
hospital April, 1863.

Brink, James D. 43. July 28, 1862. Kingston. December i, 1863 transferred
to V. R. C.

Bannon, John. 27. July 26, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Buleye, William. 32. August 11, 1862. Kingston. Died in general hospital
December I, 1862.

Burger, Peter M. 37. July 25, 1862. Samsonville. September I 1863 trans-
ferred to V. R. C.

2 5o ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY B-Continued.

Pr I V ATES — Continued.

Bundy, James. 31. December 28, 1863. Kingston. Mustered out by G. O.

77, War Department. Recruit. Taken prisoner November 6, 1864.
Botz, John. 19. October 29, 1862. New York. June 20, 1864 transferred from

72d N. Y. V. Absent sick. Mustered out by G. O. 77, War Department.
Barber, William H. 18. January 5, 1864. Kingston. Recruit, transferred to

73d Regiment N. Y. V. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Bragg, Seneca S. 56. January 30, 1864. Recruit, transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Bailey, Oscar O. 16. January 16, 1864. Delhi, N. Y. Recruit, sick, general

hospital. M. O. G. O. 77, War Department.
Beach, August. 35. April 6, 1864. New York. Recruit, transferred to 73d N.

Y. V.
Bowers, Christian. 45. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Brennen, James. 35. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

'I'ransferred from 72d, transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Wounded. March 21,

1865, general hospital.
Brockleman, Ernest. 28. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Sick in general

hospital.
Carson, Alonzo. 18. December 28, 1863. Kingston. Recruit. Transferred to

73d N. Y. V.
Cochran, Thomas. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Carson, George P. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged May 17, 1865.

Wounded September 24, 1864. Discharged from general hospital May 17,

1865. Lost an arm.
Crook, Alfred. 23. August II, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Member Metropolitan Police in New York city.
Carr, Albert. 21. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Sergeant-major

August 22, 1862.
Cole, Alfred C. 22. .August 11, 1862. Kingston. Discharged January S, 1863

on account of disability.
Conway, Peter P. 21. July 23, 1863. Kingston. Discharged November 27,

1862 on account of disability. Present residence Kingston.
Clausman, Henry. 39. August 11, 1862. New York. Transferred from 72d

N. Y. V. June 20, 1864. Discharged April 4, 1865.
Coddington, William. 26. August 13. 1862. Kingston, Transferred to V. R.

C. Discharged March 15, 1864. Wounded at ChancellorsviUe May 3, 1863.
Clifford, Jeremiah. 35. July 26, 1862. Deserted from regiment June 24, 1863.

Reiurned to regiment and sentenced by G. C. M. to forfeit all pay then due,

and to make good all time lost by desertion, and forfeit one-half monthly pay

for the balance of his term of enlistment. Deserted from hospital February

13, 1865.

Delamater, Lewis. 18. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.

Dean, Allen G. 22. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Wounded at Gettysburg
July 2, 1863. Taken prisoner May 10, 1864. In general hospital Baltimore,
Md. M. O. G. O. 77.

Dscker, Daniel D. 33. August 12, 1862. Kingston. June, 1863. Transferred to
V. R. C.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 25 I

COMPANY B-Continued.

Privates~Co«/»«j«i/.
Dates, Henry. 44. July 24, 1862. Kingston. March 31, 1864 transferred to

V. R. C. Died at Kingston July 2, 1890.
Delisle, Daniel. 44. November 18, 1861. St. Clairville. Transferred from 72d

N. Y. V. Transferred to V. R. C. February 15, 1864.
Donovan, John. 38. August z, 1862. Kingston. February 13, 1865 transferred

toV. R. C.

Dawoldt, Daniel. 18. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y.
V. Deserted June 28, 1863. Surrendered March II, 1865, under President's
proclamation.

Dougherty, Bernard J. 28. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V.

V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Decker, James W. 28. July 29, 1862. Kingston. Discharged February 14,

1863 on account of disability,
Ellsworth, James P. D. 21. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R.

C. March 15, 1864. Wounded May 3, 1863. Residence Hurley, N. Y.
Ellsworth, Cornelius. 20. August 16, 1862, Kingston. Discharged June 3,

1865. Residence Hurley, N. Y.
Elmendorf, Philip H. 42. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3-

1865. Died at Hurley, N. Y.
Engalls, John. 19. August 26, 1862. New York. Transferred from 72d N. Y.

V. June 20, 1864. bick at general hospital.
Ennist, Stephen B. 37. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to 73d N. Y.

V. to serve out time lost by desertion.
Edmonds, Albert. 32. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 72d N. V. V. June 20, 1864, as absent without leave. Trans-
ferred to 73d Regiment N. Y. V.
Fiance, Howard A. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, I S65.
F"ahey, Martin. 23. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V;

Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Wounded. March 25, 1865, at general hospi-
tal. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Foster, Thomas. 23. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. as a deserter. Transferred to 731I N. Y. V.
■Grant, William P. 25. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from division

hospital April, 1863.
Hommell, Egbert. 21. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Haver, John W. 43- August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1S65.

Wounded May 31, 1864.
Huson, Lewis. 24. August 6, 1862, Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Hand, William. 33. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Hawser, Andrew. 21. September 27, 1862. Transfened from 72d

N. Y. V. Sick general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77.
Hampton, Joseph. 35. September 26, 1862. New York. Transferred from

72d N. Y. V. Sick general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77.
Healy, William. 29. September 15, 1864. Substitute. Sick general hospital.

M. O. G. O. 77.
Hammond, David. 30. December 13, 1861. Delhi, N. Y. Transferred from

72d N. Y. V. Discharged at expiration of service. Taken prisoner November

6, 1864.
Hennes, John. 27. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 71st N. Y. V. Discharged by G. O. No. 86, July 7, 1864.

252 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY B-Continued.

Privates— Continued.

Haver, George, zi. August 8, 1862. Samsonville. Transferred to V. R. C,

September 30, 1863.
Hansleifer, Conrad. 24. December 14, 1863. Brandy Station. Virginia, V. V.

Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Haight, David P. 22. July 31, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Chancellorsville

May 3, 1863.

Hager, Austin. 24. March 16, 1864. Brandy .Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred (rem 72d N. Y. V. June 20, 1864. Died February 11, 1865.

Hombeek, Johannis D. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Accidentally killed at
Elmira, N. Y. February 17, 1865.

Ingraham, William. 19. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Sick in general hospital. Transferred to 73d
N. Y. V.

Jones. Stephen P. 32. August 6, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Joy, William. 27. August II, 1862. Kingston. January 30, 1863; discharged

on account disability. Residence Kingston, N. Y.
Johnston, William. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. June 20, 1864. Supposed to have been killed

in action October 27, 1864.

Joy, John B. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Diedof disease January 6, 1863.

Kelly, Jr., John. 22. August II, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Kelly, Edward. 19. August 11, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wounded at
Gettysburg July 2, 1863.

Krom, William H. 19. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Wounded at Chancellors-
ville May 3, 1863. M. O. G. O. 77.

Kearney, Patrick. 44. July 28, 1862. Samsonville. April 28, 1864 discharged
account disability.

Karcher, John. 21. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 72d N. Y. V. Sick general hospital; transferred to 73d N. Y. V.

Kennicutt, Ambrose. 33. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Deserted July 8, 1863.

Lassel I, Richard. 43. December i, 1861. St. Clairsville. Transferred from 72d
N. Y. V. Transferred to V. R. C. March 15, 1864.

Martin, Hugh. 35. July 30, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence
Kingston, N. Y.

Markle, Martin. 20. July 28, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence
Samsonville.

Maidell, Joseph. 23. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 71st N. Y. V.

McKinley, Thomas. 24. August 30, 1862. New York. Transferred from 72d
N. Y. V. Sick general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77.

Masten, Richard. 44. August 4, 1S62. Kingston. February 19, 1863 dis-
charged on account disability.

Markle, Cornelius D. 44. July 29, 1862. Samsonville. Honorably discharced
August, 1863. ''

Mayer, Edward. 24. July 4, 1861. New York. Transferred from 72d N. V.
V. Discharged at expiration of service July 4, 1864.

MuUer, Frederick. 28. March 28, 1865. New York. Recruit; transferred to

73d N. Y. V.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 53

COMPANY B-Continued.

Privates— Co«/2««^rf.

McBride, Lawrence. 31. September 5, 1864. Hartland, N. Y. Substitute.
Sick general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77.

Motz, David. 27. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 72d N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.

Markle, Peter B. 19. January 14, 1864. Kingston. Recruit. Transferred to
73d N. Y. V.

Miller, Solomon S. 37. July 28, 1862. Samsonville. Died January 5, 1863.

Myers, Jacob. 28. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Died April 16, 1863.

Middagli, George M. 31. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C.
September I, 1863.

North, David. 23. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Deserted September 11, 1862.
Deserted July 2, 1863. Sentenced by G. C. M. to hard labor. Delivered to
Provost Marshal.

Osborn, William. 28. December I, l86i. New York. Transferred from 72d
N. Y. V. Discharged at expiration of terra of service.

Peck, John. 35. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Discharged on account disability
April, 1864.

Rowe, Abram T. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner at James
City October 10, 1863. At Vicksburg discharged G. O. 77. Died 1879.

Rappleyea, Isaac. 24. July 30, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Ray, Daniel A. 18. September 3, 1864. Pembroke. June 3, 1865. Substitute;

Rider, Albert E. 17. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Company I by
promotion November, 1863. Wounded at Gettysburg.

Rudd, Havley A. 18. September 2, 1864. Lockport. Transferred from 72d
N. Y. V. Discharged on account disability May 16, 1865.

Rafferty, Peter. 22. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72d N. Y. V. Wounded September 18, 1864. Transferred
to 73d N. Y. V.

Rowe, William S. 22. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner October
27, 1863. Died June 13, 1864 at Andersonville.

Roosa, John J. 20. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Killed November 6, 1864 be-
fore Petersburgh.

Rofif, Joseph. 27. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 71st N. Y. V. July 7, 1864. First Sergeant until July 7, 1864.
Died February 20, 1865 of wounds received June 12, 1864.

Roff, John. 37. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 71st N. Y. V. Taken prisoner June 2, 1864.

Rowe. John H. 18. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Missing in action October 27,
1864.

Smith, William H. 19. July 26, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wounded
May 24, i86l. In general hospital at Alexandria, Va.

Snyder Abram. 43. July 25, 1862. Kingston. Sick in general hospital. M.
O. G. O. 77.

Storms, Isaac. 23. August 2, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C. March,
1864.

Shurter, John P. 19. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C.
March 19, 1865.

Smith. Leonard S. 22. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Chancellorsville
May 3, 1863.

2 54 O^E HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY B-Continued.

Privates —Continued.

Stroyer, John. 25. August 27, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72d N. Y. V.
October 30, 1864. Died in general hospital December 14, 1864.

Sutton, James O. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Died March 5, 1863.

Scofield, Moses. 20. February 9, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 71st N. Y. V. July 7, 1864 as a deserter. Transferred to 73d N.
Y. V.

Thompson, John. 44. August 0, 1862. Samsonville. June 3, 1865. Adju-
tant's Clerk. Died March 28, 189 1.

Thomson, William H. 23. December 26, 1863. Jamestown. Recruit; trans-
ferred to 73d N. Y. V.

Thomson. John G. 21. December 26, 1863. EUytown. Recruit; transferred to
73d N. Y. V.

Timmins, John. 29. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72d N. Y. N. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.

Terwilliger, Tellarun L. G. 36. July 28. 1862. Samsonville. Died May 26,
1864 from wounds received May 5, 1864.

Traver, John. 23. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Wounded at Chancellorsville
June 28, 1863. No discharge.

Van Bramcr, Wm. H. 22. July 23, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Resi-
dence West Hurley.

Van Nostrand, Edwin H. 19. July 25, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Resi-
dence Kingston.

Van Kleck, David. 23. August 1 1, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence
Samsonville.

Van Hoesen, Daniel. 45. January 27, 1864. Poughkeepsie. Recruit. Sick at
general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77.

Van Demark, Josiah. 18. August II, 1862. Kingston. Killed at Gettysburg
July 2, 1863.

Vanderburgh, Peter. 24. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Died January 12, 1863.

Wineright, John. 24. August i, 1862. Kingston. Detailed with Battery K,
4th Artillery. Sick in general hospital. M. O. G. O. 77.

Wright, George. 44. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Sick in general hospital. M.
O. G. O. 77.

Wolf, Frederick. 40. September 8, 1862. New York. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72d N. Y. V. June 26, 1864.

Wardwell, William H. 20. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V.
V. Transferred from 71st N. Y. V. July 7, 18&4. Missing in action October
27, 1864.

Willelt, Percy. 25. February 2,1864. New York. Recruit; transferred from
71st N. Y. V. July 7, 1864. Taken prisoner March 31, 1863.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

255

COMPANY C.

Was recruited at High Falls by Captain J. L. Snyder and Lieuten-
ant Johti B. Krom. It was mustered into United States service August
22, 1862, with three commissioned officers and eighty-nine enlisted
men. It was the Color Company of the Regiment.

lis losses from the original members were :

Killed in action or died of wounds received in action 5

Died prisoners of war 6

Died of disease 6

Total deaths in service 17

Discharged for physical disability :

Officers 2

Enlisted men 9

1 1

Discharged for promotion, enlisted men 3

Transferred for promotion, officers i

Transferred to V. R. C. , enlisted men 12

Deserted, enlisted men 7

Mustered out with regiment and by General Orders. 41 64

Total 92

In the summer of 1864, it received by transfer from
the 71st and 72d regimenis 42 men and by enlistment at
various times 18 recruits.
Of the additional members of the Company :

There were killed in action and died of wounds. . . 4

Died, prisoners of war i

Died of disease i

Discharged by expiration of enlistment, etc 8

Transferred to V. R. Corps 2

Transferred to 73d regiment to serve out enlistment 29
Mustered out with regiment 15

Total 60

Total enrollment 152

2 56 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY C-Continued.

Captains.

Snyder, Jacob L. 32. August 22, 1862. Kingston. February 8, 1865. Dis-
charged on account of wounds received in action October 2, 1864. Residence,
High Falls, N. Y.

Clark, Richard W. 18. December 2, 1861. New York city. June 3, 1865.
Transferred from 72d regiment. Promoted to 2nd Lieutenant September 17,
1864; to 1st Lieutenant January 27, 1865 ; to Captain February 8,1865.
Transferred to 73d regiment. Mustered out with regiment June 29, 1865.
Residence, Toledo, O.

First Lieutenants.

ICrom, John B. 25. August 22, 1862. Kingston. January 9, 1864. Promoted
to Captain Co. L

Norton, William A. 25. August 22, 1862. Kingston. August 28, 1863. Pro-
moted from 2nd Lieutenant April 13, 1863. Discharged for physical disabili-
ty August 28, 1863. Residence, New York city.

Van Wagenen, Louis B. 22. August 11, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Pro-
moted from Corporal to Sergeant April 13, 1863 ; to 2nd Lieutenant January
16, 1865 ; to 1st Lieutenant February 8, 1865. Residence, Rondout, N. Y.

Second Lieutenant.

Wilkinson, Joseph. 35. August 6, 1862. High Falls. August 10, 1864. Pro-
moted from Sergeant April 13,1863. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.
Wounded May 5, 1864.

Sergeants.

Snyder, Andrew. 24. August 11, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Pro-
moted from Corporal October 15, 1862. Wounded severely at Gettysburg
July 2, 1863. Promoted to Lieutenant. Not mustered. Died at Stone
Ridge December 29, 1879.

De Puy, Eli. 32. August 7, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Postmaster at
Rosendale, N. Y.

Wager, Henry G. 26. July 24, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Promoted
from Corporal May 6, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg and at Wilderness.
Residence, High Falls, N. Y.

Hill, William H. zo. August, II, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Pro-
moted from Corporal January 20, 1865. Dead.

Brown, Henry Lee F. 23. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia.
January 20, 1865. Discharged to accept promotion. Transferred from 72nd
regiment.

Sullivan, Daniel. 23. August 18, 1862. High Falls. July 17, 1864. Severely
wounded at Gettysburg. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Lefevre Falls,
N. Y.

Krom, James. 20. August 13, 1862. High Falls. May 5, 1864. Killed in
action at the Wilderness.

Masterson, Michael. 22. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. March
l6, 1865. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to V. R. C.

Sanford, Giles H. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2^"]

COMPANY C-Continued.

Corporals.

Devoe, John. 24. August 4, 1862. High Falls. November 10, 1862. Died at

Dunbarton U. S. hospital, Georgetown.
Stalls, Egbert. 26. August 7, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Wounded at

Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Residence, High Falls, N. Y.
Auchmoody, Silas S. 18. August 15, 1862. Rosendale. May 2, 1865. Pro-
moted to Corporal October 15, 1862. Discharged from hospital. Residence,

Omaha, Nebraska.
Davis, Simon J. 19. July 28, 1862. Rochester. Wounded at Gettysburg July

2, 1862. Absent in hospital. Residence, Greenwich, Conn.
Terwilliger, Nelson. 24. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. Promoted November

6, 1862. Captured October 10, 1863. Absent, paroled prisoner. Residence,

Ellenville, N. Y.

Brodhead, John. 18. August 4, 1862. High Falls. July 8, 1865. Promoted

February 4, 1865. Severely wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863, and at

Boydton Plank Road March 31, 1865. Residence, Kingston, N. Y.
Ayers, Alfred N. 29. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd June 22, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Residence, Jamestown, N. Y.
Stoddard, Hiram D. 25. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June

1,1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred lo 73d.
Young, James. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d. Residence,

Jamestown, N. Y.
Thompson, Isaac L. 18. August 14, 1862. High Falls. July 18, 1863.

Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Died at McKimm hospital, Baltimore.

Musicians.
Davis, Charles A. i8. July 25, 1862. Olive. June 3, 1865.
Haines, Storm. 24. August 14, 1862. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Died at
Rosendale.

Privates.

Addis, Daniel. 25. August 13, 1862. Wawarsing. Captured October 10, 1863.
Absent, paroled prisoner.

Alvord, Leonard. 18. September 12, 1864. Genesee Falls. February 12, 1865.
Recruit. Wounded October 27, 1864. Died at Annapolis general hospital.

Avery, John S. 33. August 4, 1862. Marbletown. May 9, 1864. Deserted.

Bodley Hiram. 20. August 11, 1862. Marbletown. Captured October lo,
1863. Died a prisoner of war at Richmond.

Baker, George B. 19. August 8, 1862. Marbletown. July I, 1863. Died o
typhoid fever at Roosevelt hospital.

Brink, Edward O. 21. December 30, 1863. Kingston. June 17, 1864. Re-
cruit. Died of wounds received in action.

Bunton, Jacob E. 33. August 12, 1862. Rochester. Missing in action May 5,

1864. Never heard from.

Bums, RufusA. 24. July 23, i86l. Jamestown. July 23, 1864. Transferred

from 72nd.
Burns, Charles. 26. December 26, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. May 3,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.

2 58 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY C-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Benjamin, John A. 26. August 12, 1862. Marbletown. February 3, 1865.
Wounded. Discharged from Satterlee hospital.

Barber, Edward B. 27. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June
1,1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd June 22, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Binnson, James. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Camey, David. 18. January I, 1864. Kingston. August 24, 1864. Died at
Harwood general hospital from wounds.

Carney, Richard S. 30. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. October i, 1863.
Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, High Falls.

Carney, William. 40. February 13, 1864. Kingston. November 10, 1864.
Transferred to V. R. C.

Carney, Sylvester. 18. February 22, 1864. Kingston. June i, 1865. Wound-
ed ; ateent in hospital. Transferred to 73d.

Charles, John. 18. August 14, 1862. High Falls. June 3, 1865. Residence,
Kingston.

Charles, George W. 26. August 6, 1862. High Falls. October 2, 1864.
Wounded at Gettysburg. Transferred to V. R. C. Died at High Falls Sep-
tember, 1882.

Carman, Henry C. 18. August 13, 1862. High Falls. Absent in hospital.
Died April 8, 1887.

Chase, William H. 21. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. Absent in hospital.
Residence, Kyserike, N. Y.

Crane, William. 18. July 31, 1862. Jamestown. June 3, 1865.

Constable, Cornelius B. 22. August 11, 1862. Marbletown. December 18,
1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Wounded.

Countryman, Jacob. 30. August II, 1862. High Falls. October 10, 1863.
Transferred to V. R. C. Wounded at Gettysburg.

Christiana, Jacob. 20. January 27, 1864. Kingston. June i, 1865. Trans-
ferred to 73d. Residence, Kripplebush, N. Y.

Dingee, Enoch. 23. August 13, 1862. Gardiner. July 10, 1863. Residence,
Gardiner, N. Y.

Davenport, John J. 22. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. September 22, 1863.
Residence, Kyserike, N. Y.

Davis, George C. ig. August 21, 1862. Marbletown. October 10, 1863.
Transferred to V. R. C. Wounded at Gettysburg.

Davis, Simon. 27. August 18, 1862. Gardiner. November 25, 1862. De-
serted.

Durham, Abram E. 24. Augiist 4, 1862. High Falls. May 23, 1864. Cap-
tured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Duffy, Owen. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72ud. Transferred to 73d.

Devoe, Clinton C.

Enderly, Isaac A. 23. August 11, 1862. Gardiner. February i, 1863. Died
of disease at Falmouth, Va.

Embree, Matthias. 18. August 11, 1862. Marbletown. June 6, 1865. Dis-
charged for physical disability.

Eckholm, Adolph. 18. January 28. 1864. Carroll. June I, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 $9

COMPANY C-Continued.

Privates — Continued.
Flood, Terrence. 19. May i, 1861. New York. August 3, 1864.
Gast, Cornelius. 19. February 22, 1864, Kingston. June I, 1865. Trans-
ferred to 73d.

Garrison, Peter. 41. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. January 7, 1863. Died of
disease.

Garrison, Isaac L. 23. July 28, 1862. Marbletown. July i, 1863. Discharged
for physical disability. Residence, Poughkeepsie, N. Y.

Garrison, George W. 18. March 22, 1865. Kingston. June i, 1865. Absent,
sick. Transferred to 73d.

Gunsalus, Jacob R. 23. August 8, 1862. Rochester. Detailed to N. Y. Draft
Rendezvous July, 1863. Residence, Tuthill, N. Y.

Hill, Joseph D. C. 23. July 25, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Residence,
Wallkill, N. Y.

Harrigan, Thomas. 22. July 21, l86i. Jamestown. July 23, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Hendricks, William H. 20. August 12, 1862. Marbletown. July 2, 1863.
Died of wouiids.

Hornbeck, Jacob. 21. January 13, 1864. Albany. June i, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Hardford, Matthew. 24. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June
I, 1865. Transferred from 72nd July 3, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Hoos, Cyrus S. 18. March 22, 1865. Kingston. June 1, 1865. Transferred
to 73d.

Kelder, Felter. 38. August 8, 1862. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Residence,
Accord, N. Y.

Krom, Lorenzo. 19. August 8, 1862. Marlbletown. June 3, 1865. Kripple-
bush, N. Y.

Krom, William H. 23. August 11, 1862. Marbletown. September 21, 1863.
Discharged for physical disability. Died May 26, l86g.

Krom, James. 34. July 24, 1862. Marbletown. July i, 1863. Wounded at
Chancellorsville. Transferred to V. R. C.

Krom, Isaac B. 23. July 24, 1862. Marbletown. September 26, 1863. Trans-
ferred to V. R. C.

Kellott, John. 26. August 19, 1862. New York. May 24, 1863. Transferred
from 72ud.

Lillie, Hasbrouck. 17. August 21, 1862. Kingston. September 22, 1862.
Discharged on account of appointment to the U. S. Naval Academy.

Latimore, Peter. 19. July 24, 1862. Marbletown. October 10, 1863. Dis-
charged for physical-disability.

Mclntyre, Robert. 42. August 12, 1862. Jamestown. July 22, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Died from wounds received May 2, 1864.

Meeham, Thomas. 43. August i, 1862. Marbletown. July 7, 1864. Captured
October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Munson, Erastus H. 18. August 15, 1862. Rochester. Deserted July i, 1863.

Markle, Louis S. 24. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Pro-
moted to Sergeant-Major September I, 1864.

McGinness, Charles. 20. August 14, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Res-
idence, High Falls, N. Y.

260 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY C-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

McGinness, James W. 24. August II, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865.

Residence, High Falls, N. Y.
McKenna, John. 26. August 31, 1862. New York. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.
McKenny, Benjamin D. 44. August 6, 1862. Marbletown. Absent, sick.
Moore, Nathaniel C. 18. September 3, 1864. New York. June 3, 1865.

Substitute prior to draft.
Monroe, Dorr. 18. August 14, 1862. Marbletown. May 15, 1865. Residence,

High Falls, N. Y.
Marlor, James O. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.
Munsoi), John E. 18. December 3, 1863. Kingston. June 7, 1865. Recruit.

Transferred to 73d.
McCauley, Patrick. 25. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June

1,1865. V. V. Transferred from 7 ist. Absent, wounded. Transferred to

73d-
Mullen, John. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 71st. Transferred to 73d.
Mee, James. 28. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 71st. Transferred to 73d.
Mathews, John. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 71st. Transferred to 73d.
Newkirk, John. 36. August 15, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Resi-
dence, Binnewater, N. Y.
Osterhoudt, John H. 22. Augusts, 1862. Marbletown. Deserted February

6, 1863.
Osterhoudt, Simon P. 21. August g, 1862. Marbletown. November 6, 1864.

Killed in action before Petersburg.
Osterhoudt, Benjamin S. 31. August 3, 1862. Marbletown. July i, 1864.

Died a prisoner of war at Andersonville.
Osterhoudt, Abram. 30. August 13, 1862. Marbletown. September 10, 1863.

Discharged for physical disability. Died September 25, 1863.
O'Connell, Thomas. 18. August 28, 1862. Jamestown. July 18, 1864. Died

a prisoner of war at Andersonville.
O'Donnell, Bernard. 19. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June

1,1862. V. V. Transferred from 71st. Transferred to 73d.
Otts, Philip. 25. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i, 1865.

V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.
Oaks, David. 33. December25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i, 1865.

V. V. Transferred from 71st. Transferred to 73d.
Plainer, DeWitt N. 18. December 21, 1863. Ellington. June i, 1865.

Wounded at Cold Harbor. Transferred to 73d.
Purhamus, Cyrus D. B. 24. August 9, 1862. New Paltz. Severely wounded

at Wilderness May 5, 1864. Residence, Riflon Glen, N. Y.
Pierce, George H. 19. August 4, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Resi-
dence, High Falls, N. Y.
Pickard, James H. 18. July 9, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred

from 72nd.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 26 I

COMPANY C-Continued.

Privates— C(?»/j«j(f(^.

Quick, Sylvanus V. 22. August 13, 1862. Marbletown. Junes, 1865. Resi-
dence, High Falls, N. Y. J J' 3

Quick, Henry. 27. August 11, 1862. Marbletown. Deserted November 23,
1862.

Quinn, Michael. 28. August 8, 1862. Rosendale. Deserted October 10, 1863.

Rosekrans, Cyrus. 33. August 13, 1862. Rochester. February 10, 1864.

Died a prisoner of war at Richmond.
Robinson, Calvin H. 19. August 4, 1862. Marbletown. Absent, sick. Died

August 13, 1865.

Richardson, Moses. 18. September 3, 1864. Newfane. June 3, 1865. Substi-
tute prior to draft.

Rockwell, George. 27. August 20, 1862. Marbletown. July 20, 1863. Dis-
charged for physical disability.

Roosa, Isaiah. 25. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. June 20, 1864. Discharged
for physical disability.

Rhinehart, Charles W. 25. August 13, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Res-
idence, Rifton Glen, N. Y.

Swift, Gordon B. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,
1865. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded May 10, 1863. Transferred to
73d-

Simmons, Lewis. 34. December 24, 1862. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Seabolt, John. 18. August 27, 1864. Wadsworth. June I, 1865. Substitute
prior to draft. Transferred to 73d.

Southwick, Levi. 26. August 12, 1862. Jamestown. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Sottthwick, David. 18. August 12, 1862. Jamestown. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Sixberry, Joseph. 19. August 25, 1864. Varrick. Substitute prior to draft.
Absent, sick.

Schoonmaker, Abram. 21. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865.
Residence, Rosendale, N. Y.

Strong, Gilbert. 34. August 22, 1862. Dunkirk. May 20, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd.

Stokes, James M. 43. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865.

Stokes, Aaron D. 26. August 22, 1862. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Wounded
at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Fly Mountain, N. Y.

Stokes, Abram. 20. August 19, 1862. Marbletown. March 3, 1865. Died of
disease at United States hospital .

Stokes, Matthew. 2i. August 12, 1862. Marbletown. December 21, 1863.
Died of disease at camp near Falmouth.

Smith, Daniel D. 22. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. June 3, 1865. Wounded
at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, Kripple Bush, N. Y.

Smith, John W. 24. August 8, 1862. Marbletown. March 18, 1865. Died
March 27, 1865.

Smith, William. 39. August II, 1862. Marbletown. December I, l86j.
Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.

Tindall, Benjamin O. 18. August 25, 1864. Wadsworth. June 3, 1865. Sub-
stitute prior to draft.

262 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY C-Continued.

Privates —Continued.

Tindall, Francis. 44. December 23, 1863. Rush. June 23, 1864. Died at
Emory hospital, Washington, D. C.

Thompson, Rufus. 26. August 3, 1862. Marbletown. July 2, 1863. Killed
in action at Gettysburg.

Tonnan, John. 44. December 31, 1863. Chatauqua. October 27, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd. Discharged tor disability.

Van Wagonen, James M. 23. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. April 4, 1865.
Wounded May 29, 1864. Residence, Highland, N. Y.

Van Wagonen, John B. 34. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. July i, 1863.
Wounded at Chancellorsville. Transferred to Veteran Re5er\e Corps. Resi-
dence, Binnewater, N. Y.

Van Wagonen, Jacob A. 25. August 7, 1862. Marbletown. Sick in general
hospital, Washington, l5. C.

Van Demark, John W. 30. August II, 1862. Marbletown. Wounded at Get-
tysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, High Falls, N. Y.

Van Demark, Andries E. 25. August 18, 1862. Marbletown. November 13,
1863. Wounded at Gettysburg. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.

Van Leuven, John D. 23. August 11, 1862. Gardiner. June 3, 1865. Resi-
dence, Gardiner, N. Y.

Veasy, Carlos. 21. October 16, 186 1. Elmira. October 16, 1864. Transferred
from 72nd.

Wymon, Albert P. 33. August 26, 1862. Sheridan. May 10, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Wounded. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps.

Ward, Bernard. 35. August 9, 1862. New York. June 3, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd.

Watson, George. 29. August 25, 1862. New York. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Wells, David L. 18. August 12, 1862. Rochester. Paroled prisoner, captured
October 10, 1863. Residence, High Falls, N. Y.

Waite, Loreys. 28. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Young, Robert. 17. July 30, 1862. Jamestown. Transferred from 72nd.
Paroled prisoner.

Yeaple, Jacob. 44. August 3, 1862. Marbletown. Died at Richmond, Vir-
ginia, a prisoner.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 263

COMPANY D.

Company D was recruited by Captain Lansing Hollister and First
Lieutenant Minor H. Greene at Coxsackie, and Second Lieutenant
Emory S. Turner at Ashland and Prattsville, Greene Co. It was
mustered into the United States service with the regiment, with the
above named officers and eighty-six enlisted men.

Its losses from the original members were :

Killed in action, officers i

Killed in action, men 7

Died prisoners of war 6

Died by accident and disease 3

Total deaths in service 17

There were discharged /or physical disability :

Officers ■ 2

Enlisted men 8

10
Discharged for promotion, enlisted men i

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 11

Deserters 3

Mustered out with regiment and by general orders. 47 61

89
It received by transfer from other companies, 4
■officers, and by transfer from the 72nd Regiment, 4 en-
listed men ; and also received 39 recruits.

<0/ the additions to the Company :

Killed in action, officers i

Killed in action, men 2

Discharged and transferred to 73rd Regiment 23

Mustered out with regiment and by general orders. 21 47

Total enrollment 136

264 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY D-Continued.

Captains.

HoIIister, Lansing. 25. August 22, 1862. Coxsackie. July 2, 1863. Killed in
action at Gettysburg.

Chambers, James W. Mustered out of service as Captain with 71st Regiment.
July 30, 1864 commissioned Captain in the 120th and. joined regiment October
25, 1864. Killed in action October 27, 1864 at Boydton Plank Road.

Thomas, Arthur W. 30. December 22, 1864. Petersburg, Virginia. June 3,
1865. Promoted from ist Lieutenant Company F. Died at Catskill Novem-
ber IS, 1884.

First Lieutenants.

Greene, Minor H. 25. August 22, 1862. Coxsackie. October 15, 1863. Dis-
charged on Surgeon's certificate of disability. Residence, Coxsackie, N. Y.
Oakley, Joseph. December 9, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. October 10,

1864. Promoted from 2nd Lieutenant Company F. Dismissed by order gen-
eral court martial.

Spoor, John I. 21. August i, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Promoted
from Private to Sergeant July I, 1863; to 2nd Lieutenant October 12, 1864;
to 1st Lieutenant December 24, 1864. In command of Company till mustered
out. Residence, Philmont, N. Y.

Second Lieutenant.

Turner, Emory S. 20. August 2Z, 1862. Kingston. January 8, 1864.

Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Arm amputated. Residence, Cortez,

Colorado.
Deyo, Silas W. 18. August 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted from

1st Sergeant Company G December 24, 1864. Died at Highland November,

1889.

First Sergeants.

Beattie, William H. H. 20. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. Discharged for disa-
bility.

Tompkins, Charles W. 21. August 6, 1862. Ashland. June 3, 1865. Wound-
ed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, New York city.

Hale, Charles K. 19. July 23, 1862. Kingston. May 6, 1864. Killed in ac-
tion in the Wilderness.

Hilton, Robert. 29. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. October 27, 1864.
Promoted from Corporal October 12, 1864. Killed at Boydton Plank Road.

Drake, Marcus M. 27. August 2, 1862. Sheridan. January 30, 1865. Trans-
ferred from Company H, 72nd N. Y. V. October 29, 1864. Promoted to 1st
Lieutenant Company H. Residence, Buffalo.

Benjamin, William H. 21. August 11, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Pro-
moted from Corporal January I, 1865. Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.
Wounded at Wilderness May S, 1864. Captured March 25, 1865. Residence,
Ashland, N. Y.

Sergeants.

Wright, John. 27. August i, 1862. Coxsackie. March 16, 1864., Wounded
at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to Veteian Reserve Corps. Resi-
dence, Troy, N. Y.

Knox, James P. 19. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,

1865. Transferred fi-om Company H, 72nd October 29, 1864. V. V. Trans-
ferred to 73d.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 265

COMPANY D-Continued.

Sergeants — Continued.

Carey, William C. 22. August 9, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Promoted
from private January i, 1865. Residence, Albany, N. Y.

Mead, Stephen S. 21. August 18, 1862. New Baltimore. June 3, 1865. Pro-
moted from private January i, 1865. Residence, Soldiers' Home, Bath.

Durfee, William J. 25. August 24, 1862. Sheridan. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 72nd October 9, 1864. Absent in hospital. M. O. G. O., No. 77.

Corporals.

Vandeberg, William H. 21. August 2, 1862. Coxsackie. March 16, 1864..
Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C.

Groat, Pratt. 21. August 19, 1862. Kingston. March 25, 1865. Wounded at
Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Killed at Hatcher's Run.

North, Hadley S. 18. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3,
1865. Transferred from Company H 72nd October 29, 1864. V. V.

Van Wie, John B. 21. July 30, 1862. Coxsackie. March 16, 1864. Wound-
ed at Gettysburg June 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Cox-
sackie.

Jaycox, David. 23. August 7, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence,
Coxsackie.

Lake, Roderick. 21. August I, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence,
New Castle, Colorado.

Hiserd, William H. 23. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. Captured at James City
October 10, 1864. M. O. G. O. Residence, TuUy, N. Y.

Wright, John F. 32. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. Promoted January I,
1865. Absent, sick. Died October 6, 1886.

Hallenbeck, Barnett. 26. August 6, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Resi-
dence, Coxsackie.

Vanderberg, Jacob. 18. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Promoted
February I, 1865. Residence, New York city.

Musicians.
Smith, William T. 16. August 19, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.
Albert!, Gideon H. 35. August 11, 1862. Prattsville. Absent, sick July 2,
1863. M. O. G. O. 77.

Privates.

Akens, John W. 44. August i, 1862. Coxsackie. March 26, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability. Residence, Coxsackie.

Alexander, Robert. '19. September 9, 1864. Humphrey. June i, 1865. Sub.
stitute prior to draft. Transferred to 73d.

Briggs, Silas W. 19. August 7, 1862. Athens. June 3, 1865. Detailed in
Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Residence, Athens.

Beattie, Arthur W. 27. August 5, 1862. Coxsackie. Captured March 25, 1865.
M. O. G. O. 77. Now dead.

Bell, Theodore F. 18. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. Wounded at Chancellors-
ville May 3, 1863. Captured October 10, 1863. M. O. G. O. 77.

Bell, Henry C. 18. August 22, 1862. Coxsackie. October 15, 1864. Captured
October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

266 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY D-Continued.

Privates— C<;»</»«^(/.

Butler, James. 24. August 11,1862. Prattsville. March 4, 1863. Discharged

for disability.
Besley, Jacob. 34. August 13, 1862. New Baltimore. March 15, 1864.

Transferred to V. R. C.
Blight, Gilbert. 21. August 22, 1862. Kingston. March 16, 1864. Wounded

at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C.
Boy, Henry. 40. September 6, 1864. Niagara. June i, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft. Captured March 31, 1865. Transferred to 73d.
Brant, Adam. 24. September 9, 1864. Rochester. June i, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft. Transferred to 73d.
Bunto, Frederick. 18. September 2, 1864. Syracuse. March 25, 1865. Sub-
stitute. Killed at Hatcher's Run.
Bogardus, Anthony. 19. August I, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Detailed

in Battery K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Residence, Newport, N. J.
Bellows, Reuben. 22. August 20, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence,

Fittsfield, Mass.
Ballard, John. 33. August 11, 1862. Prattsville. June 3, 1865. Wounded at

Gettysburg July 2, 1S63. Residence, Prattsville.
Baker, Marion. 18. September 13, 1864. Linden. June 3, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft.
Clough, Abram. 21. August 18, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence,

Coxsackie.
Collier, Edwin. 29. August II, 1864. Albany. Wounded October 7, 1864.

Absent in hospital. M. O. G. O. 77.
Currie, William. 18. August 11, 1862. Ashland. June 3, 1865. Wounded

November, 1864. Residence, Coxsackie.
Currie, William H. 21. August 15, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Resi-
dence, Amsterdam, N. Y.
Conroy, Gilbert C. 28. August. 12, 1862. Coxsackie. January 22, 1864.

Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Oak Hill.
Carr, John. 45. August 6, 1862. Prattsville. January i, 1865. Wounded

May 6, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Red Falls.
Carter, Frazer. 18. July 30, 1864. Lockport. June I, 1865. Substitute prior

to draft. Transferred to 73d.
Calkins, Stephen V. 23. August 7, 1862. Coxsackie. September 25, 1864.

Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.
Curtis, Edward. 32. August 18, 1862. Coxsackie. Deserted August 30, 1862.
Dougherty, James. 24. August 15, 1862. Ashland. June 3, 1865. Wounded

at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, Shandaken.
Dibble, Smith B. 18. August 14, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865.
Dedrick, Herman C. 22. August 12, 1862. New Baltimore. June 3, 1865.

Wounded October 27, 1864. Residence, Fishkill.
Deuble, Charles. 32. August 8, 1862. New Baltimore. January 22, 1864.

Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C.
Devine, William. 25. April 7, 1865. Albany. June I, 1865. Recruit.

Transferred to 73d.

Dutcher, Henry. 24. August 8, 1862. Prattsville. December 28, 1863. Died
while at home on furlough.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. ZS^

COMPANY D-Continued.

VKWATES—Conlinuftf.

Dedrick, Francis W. i8. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. July 2, 1863. Killed

at Gettysburg.
Every, John A. 22. August 9, 1862. Prattsville. June 3, 1865.
Exter, John. 19. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Residence,

South Bethlehem.

Foy, Edward. 33. August 30, 1864. Avon. Substitute prior to draft.
Wounded October 27, 1864. M. O. G. O. 77.

Finch. Henry. 27. August 11, 1862. Ashland. December 15, 1862. Dis-
charged for disability.

Fish, John B. 18. August 8, 1862. Coxsackie. Captured October 10, 1863.
Died at Richmond March 31, 1864.

Gould, Lyman. i8. September 13, 1864. Freedom. Substitute prior to draft.
Captured March 25, 1865. M. O. G. O. 77.

Gates, Henry C. .18. September 3, 1864. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Substi-
tute prior to draft.

Hiserd, John. 28. August 9, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Detailed as
sharpshooter. Residence, West Coxsackie.

Hoflfman, Albert T. 32. August 6, 1862. Coxsacksie. Absent, sick. M. O.
G. O. 77. Residence, Coxsackie.

Hoifman, David H. 19. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Wound-
ed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, Coxsackie.

Hill, Fenton. 25. August i, 1862. Prattsville. June 3, 1865. Wounded
March 31, 1865.

Hill, Clark. 18. July 27, 1864^ Schenectady. March 26, 1865. Recruit.
Killed in action at Hatcher's Run.

Hill, Thomas A. 30. September 8, 1864. Alexandria. February 22, 1865.
Recruit. Discharged for disability.

Hull, William W. 21. August 5, 1862. Ashland. February 15, 1864. Trans-
ferred to V. R. C.

Hattle, John. 27. September 2, 1864. Alexandria. June 3, 1865.' Substitute
prior to draft.

Hosford, William H. 18. August 7, 1862. Coxsackie. May 31, 1864. Killed
in action at Cold Harbor.

Hann, Stephen. 22. August g, 1862. Prattsville. July 2, 1863. Killed in
action at Gettysburg.

Hartwell, Dwight. 19. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. October 27, 1864.
Killed in action at Boydton Plank Road.

Houghtaling, Martin A. 18. August 12, 1862. Coxsackie. August 18, 1864.
Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

House, Herman. 30. September 12, 1864. Porter. June i, 1865. Substitute
prior to draft. TransfeiTed to 73d.

Henry, John. 22. September 9, 1864. New Albion. June i, 1865. Substitute
prior to draft. Transferred to 73d.

Jerome, Jacob, 30. August 2, 1862. Coxsackie. Absent, sick. M. O. G. O.

77-
King, Van Rensselaer. 19. September 3, 1864. Yorkshire. Substitute prior to

draft. Wounded October 27, 1864. M. O. G. O. 77.
Langin, John. 33. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. June 3, 1865. Died

February 20, 1873.

268 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY D-Continued.

V9.\VKtt.%— Continued.

Lee, John H. l6. August 20, 1862. Athens. June 27, 1865. Captured Octo-
ber 10, 1863. Exchanged November 19, 1864. Residence, New York city.

Miller, John. 21. August 20, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence,
Troy.

Miller, Christian. 42. September 3, 1864. Wheatfield. Substitute prior to
draft. Wounded. October 27, 1864; in hospital.

Melville, William. 38. August 8, 1864. Rochester. Substitute prior to draft.

Absent in hospital, broke his leg while on duty.
Murphy, John M. August 11, 1862. Prattsville. May 24, 1864. Died in gen-
eral hospital, Davids Island, N. Y.
Newman, Preston. 20. August 6, 1864. Pike. June i, 1865. Substitute prior

to draft. Transferred to V. R. C.
Parslow, Gilbert. 18. August 18, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Wounded

at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Residence, Prattsville.
Proper, John. 29. September 10, 1864. Albany. Captured March 25, 1865.

M. O. G. O. 77.
Proper, Harrison. 34. August 9, 1862. Prattsville. June 3, 1865. Residence,

Prattsville.
Plass, Moses A. 18. September 6, 1864. Carroll. Substitute prior to draft.

M. O. G. O. 77.
Pettit, Henry C. 19. September 3, 1864. Linden. June 3, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft.
Pettit, Charles E. 18. September 3, 1864. Ellington. June 3, 1865. Captured

October 27, 1864. Exchanged.
Plucker, John C. 18. August 29, 1864. Freedom. June i, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft. Transferred to 73d.
Purdy, Thomas. 20. August 24, 1864. Syracuse. Substitute prior to draft.

Captured March 31, 1865. M. O. G. O. 77.
Rourque, David. 19. September 10, 1864. Avon. June I, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft. Transferred to 73d.
Rourque, Michael. 27. September 16, 1864. Elmira. Recruit. Wounded

March 31, 1865. Absent in hospital. M. O. G. O. 77.
Rusher, Gilbert. 18. August 31, 1864. Richford. June 3, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft.
Rogers, John. 22. August 9, 1862. Prattsville. Deserted while on furlough

from hospital.
Reed, Frederick. 41. September i, 1864. Rome. June i, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft. Absent, sick. Transferred to 73d.
Shaw, William. 22. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865.
Smith, Abram. 24. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. June 3, 1865. Wound-
ed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Captured December 8, 1864. Residence,

Athens.
Schermerhom, Abram P. 22. August 11, 1862. Prattsville. June 3, 1865.

Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.

Simpkins, Solomon M. August 13, 1862. Coxsackie. Wounded May ?, 1864.
In hospital. M. O. G. O. 77.

Sutton, WiUiam R. 21. August 9, 1862. Prattsville. M. O. G. O. 77.
Sodar, Gustave. 32. August 31, 1864. Utica. Captured March 25, 1865.
Substitute prior to draft. M. O. G. O. 77.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 269

COMPANY D-Continued.

Privates— CraAKK^rf.

Shoudy, Lyman. 18. September 2, 1864. Syracuse. Substitute prior to draft.

M. O. G. O. 77.
Spaunburg, George C. 23. August 18, 1862. Coxsackie. March 3, 1863.

Discharged for disability. Residence, Coxsackie.
Sitzer, Peter. 42. August 19, 1862. Kingston. March 24, 1863. Discharged

for disability.
Smith, Joseph P. 27. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. February 15, 1864.

Transferred to V. R. C.
Snyder, Joseph. 26. September i, 1864. Avpn. June i, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft. Transferred to 73d.
Smith, Henry. 23. September 30, 1864. Sodas. June I, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft. Transferred to 73d.
Smith, John C. 37. August 11, 1862. Ashland. Sent to hospital November

18, 1862. Body found in Potomac river, near Alexandria April 5, 1863.
Sickler, Alonzo. 21. August 6, 1862. Coxsackie. July 12, 1864. Captured

October 10, 1863. Died at Anderson viUe.
Tucker, Lewis. 25. August 5, 1862. Coxsackie. July 10, 1864. Captured at

James City October 10, 1864. Died at Andersonville.
Thompson, Jeremiah S. 19. August 13, 1862. Rondout. Captured October

10, 1863. M. O. G. O. 77. Residence, New York city.
Vanderberg, Robert. 25. August II, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Resi-

dence, Coxsackie.
Van Schaack, Derrick. 27. August 4, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865. Cap-
tured May 6, 1864. Residence, Coxsackie.
Van Schaack, Peter G. 28. August 6, 1862. Coxsackie. December 9, 1863.

Wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of

disability. Residence, Cobbleskill, N. Y.
Van Loan, Dennis. 23. August 16, 1862. Kingston. Deserted June 24, 1863.
Wilkinson, Clarence. 18. September 3, 1864. Troopsburg. February 22,

1865. Recruit. Discharged for disability.
Wagner, Frederick. 33. August a, 1862. Coxsackie. February i, 1865.

Wounded July 25, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C. Residence, Albany, N. Y.
Wilson, Thomas. 38. September 8, 1864. Alexandria. Substitute prior to

draft. Captured March 31, 1865. M. O. G. O. 77.
Winegar, Joseph. 36. August 31, 1864. New Hartford. June i, 1865. Sub-
stitute prior to draft. Absent, sick. Transferred to 73d.
Wixson, Caleb. 21. August 19, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, 1865.
Whitbeck, Richard. 27. August 11, 1862. Coxsackie. June 3, J865.

Wounded May 31, 1864. Residence, Coxsackie.
Wolf, Tunis P. 42. August 2, 1862. New Baltimore. June 3, 1865. Resi-
dence, New Baltimore, N. Y.
Wolf, Philip F. 22. August 9, 1862. New Baltimore. Wounded March 31,

1865. M. O. G. O. 77.
Wyman, William. 19. September i, 1864. Carroll. Substitute prior to draft.

M. O. G. O. 77.
White, Silas. 18. September 5, 1864. Andover. June 3, 1865. Substitute

prior to draft.

270 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY E.

Company E was organized at Ellenville by Captain Daniel Gillett,
First Lieutenant Oliver B. Gray and Second Lieutenant Frederick

Freileweh, and was mustered into the regiment August 22, 1862, with
the above named commissioned officers and eighty-five enlisted men.

Its losses from the original members were :

Killed in action/commissioned officers i

Killed in action, enlisted men 10

Died while prisoners of war 3

Died of disease 8

Total deaths in service 22

There were discharged for physical disability :

Commissioned officers i

Enlisted men 20

21

Discharged for promotion, enlisted men 4

Transferred, etc. :

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, officers i

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, enlisted men 5

Transferred to 73rd Regiment, enlisted men i

Deserted, enlisted men 5

Mustered out at the close of the war 29 41

88
Two officers were promoted from the ranks and two
officers joined from other companies. In the summer of
1864, the company received 19 recruits, and 55 veterans
transferred from the 71st and 72nd Regiments.

Of the additions to the Company :

Killed in action 2

Died of disease i

Missing in action i

Mustered out with company, officers 2

Carried forward 6

O.WE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 2"] \

COMPANY E-Continued.

Brought forward 6

Mustered out with company, men 14

Discharged before mustered out 6

Transferred to 73rd Regiment 39

Transferred on rolls as deserters, who never joined

company n 75

Total enrollment _ 164.

Captains.

Gilllett, Daniel. August 22, 1862. Denning. Nov. 25, 1864. Discharged by
S. O., No. 419 W. D. for disability. Died in Denning.

Cole, Alonzo R. 21. August 14, 1S62. EUenvilie. June 3, 1865. Promoted
from 1st Sergeant to 2nd Sergeant January 15, 1864; to 1st Lieutenant Au-
gust 17, 1864; to Captain Januury 16, 1865.

First Lieutenants.

Gray, Oliver B. August 22, 1862. EUenvilie. October 9, 1863. Lost an arm
at Gettysburg. Transferred to V. R. C. Died in Florida March, 1870.

Funck, Henry. 30. June 3, 1864. New York city. Transferred from 71st to
Company K, as Sergeant. Promoted to 2nd Lieutenant Company K. Pro-
moted to 1st Lieutenant and transferred to Company E, Jariuary 16, 1865.
Resided in Ntw York city after the war.

Second Lieutenants.

Freileweh, Frederick. August 22, 1862. EUenvilie. July 2, 1863. Killed in
action at Gettysburg.

Dubois, Lewis A. 23. August 18, 1862. January 10, 1865. Promoted from
Sergeant Company I, May 5, 1864. Wounded September 20, 1864. Dis-
charged for disability. Died.

Holmes, William J. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865. Cap-
tured October 10, 1863. Exchanged November 20, 1864. Promoted from
Sergeant January 16, 1865.

First Sergeants.

Stevens, Frederick L. 23. December 24, 1863. May 25, 1865. Discharged

on account of wound received in action October 27, 1864, Leg amputated.

V. v. Transferred from 72nd.
Pomeroy, John S. 21. August 13, 1862. EUenvilie. June 3, 1865. Wounded

at Chancellorsville, May 3, 1863.
Vail, Theron. 21. August 14, 1862. EUenvilie. August 9, 1864. Wounded

in action May 10, 1864. Transferred to V. R. C.
Ely, Frederick. 29. December 25, 1863. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred

from 71st, promoted to Sergeant August 9, 1864. ist Sergeant May 25,

1864. Transferred to 73d.

272 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY E-Continued.

Sergeants.

Wild, Samuel. 23. August 2, 1862. Ellenville. September 5, 1864. Sergeant
August 22, 1862 to June 23, 1864. Discharged for disability.

Goss, Charles. 21. February 24, 1864. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred

from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.
Grogan, Dennis. 25. December 24, 1863. June i, 1865. V. V. Transferred

from 72nd. Paroled prisoner.
Morris, Bernard. 25. December 24, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.

Transferred to 73d.

Corporals.

Larcom, Thomas. 36. August 12, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Captured
October 10, 1863. Exchanged November 20, 1864. Wounded March 25,
1865.

Bennett, Charles E. 21. August 9, 1862. Ellenville. Wounded May 6, 1864.

Captured March 25, 1865.
Dean, George. 38. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Promoted

February 17, 1863. Captured October 10, 1863. Exchanged November 20,

1864. Wounded March 25, 1865.
Pride, Moses H. 21. August n, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Promoted

February 17, 1863. Captured July 2, 1863. Paroled August 6, 1863. Cap-
tured March 25, 1865. Residence, Mount Holly, N. C.
Many, Leartes W. 16. August 14, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Promoted

July I, 1864. Captured March 31, 1865.
Freer, Stephen A. 25. August 11, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Promoted

November I, 1864. Wounded March 25, 1865.
Chalmers, Daniel. 40. August i, 1862. New York city. Transferred from

72nd. Captured March 25, 1865.
Anderson, Joseph B. 42. August 14, 1862. Denning. February 17, 1863.

Discharged for disability.
McKnight, John. 23. August 9, 1892. Ellenville. April 18, 1864. Dis-
charged on account of wounds received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.
Unkenholtz, Frederick. 21. August 13, 1863. Ellenville. May 15, 1864.

Wounded May 3, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C.
Derickenson, Isaac D. 25. August 2, 1862. Wawarsing. September 9, 1863.

Died at camp, near Beverly Ford, Va.
Dewitt, Stephen C. 30. August 15, 1862. Denning. July 3, 1864. Captured

May 5, 1864. Died a prisoner of war.

Musicians.
Palmer, Nathan W. 15. August 22, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.
McLaughlin, Patrick. 16. December 25, 1863. Re-enlisted. Transferred from
72nd. Transferred to 73d June i, 1863.

Unger, Phillip. 19. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d to serve four-
teen months from January 12, 1865. To forfeit all pay to that date, and pay
the expense of his arrest from desertion.

Barber, John. 18. December 25, 1863. Re-enlisted. Transferred from 72nd.
Deserted May 12, 1864, while on furlough.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2/3

COMPANY E-Continued.

Privates.

Austin, Samuel J. 35. August i, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Ackroid, William. 22. September 5, 1864. Wheatfield. May 10, 1865. Re-
cruit. Discharged from general hospital.

Augur, Andrew. 36. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72nd. Absent, sick.

Brown, Edson B. 27. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. January 15, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability.

Brooks, John. 27. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. December 23, 1863. Dis-
charged for wounds received at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863.

Brennan, Thomas. 23. July i, 1861. Newark, N. J. August 3, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Barnes, Hiram. 32. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. November, 1863. Trans-
ferred to V. R. C.

Brown, Calvin. 19. July 29, 1862. Wawarsing. September 27, 1864. Killed
On picket in front of Petersburg.

Brown, John K. 22. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. September 15, 1862.
Died in camp near Mount Vernon, Va.

Broderick, Patrick. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72nd. Deserted April i, 1864, while on Vet. furlough.

Blake, Nicholas. 35. December 31, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.
Deserted August 29, 1864.

Collins, Thomas H. 24. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865.

Cassle, Michael. 23. August 18, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd.
Absent, sick.

Crawford, Solomon. 26. July 31, 1862. Denning. January 27, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability.

Cozine, Benjamin. 24. May 5, 1861. New York city. November 27, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd.

Cockburn, William J. 27. August 20, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Com-
missary-Sergeant August 22, 1862.

Clark, Francis W. 21. July 26, 1862. December 15, 1862. Died in general
hospital, Washington, D. C.

Curry, Daniel D. 26. August 14, 1862. EUenville. July 2, 1863. Killed in
action at Gettysburg.

Cornuker, Patrick. 21. August 13, 1863. Deserted August 19, 1863 from gen-
eral hospital.

Clark. Michael. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72nd. Absent, sick.

Conklin, Matthew R. 22. December 25, 1863. V. V. from 72nd.

Carney, Timothy. 19. September 5, 1864. Deerfield. Recruit. Paroled pris-
oner.

Durlaf, George. 30. August 14, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Wounded
May 6, 1864.

Dunagan, Michael. 27. August 13, 1862. Lackawack. Captured March 25,
1865. Paroled prisoner.

Donovan, Timothy. 20. September 4, 1864. Vernon. June 3, 1865. Recruit.

Doloway, James H. 24. July 31, 1862. Denning. February 23, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability.

18

2 74 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY E-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Donnelly, Bernard. 28. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Janu-
ary 15, 1865. V. V. from 72nd. Discharged for disability.

Devine, James. 24. December 30, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from
72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Dayton, Sydney. 18. April 9, 1864. New York city. Recruit. Transferred
to 73d. June I, 1865.

Dolan, John. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from
72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Donovan, Thomas. 29. September 5, 1864. Rochester. Recruit. Transferred
to 73d.

Davenport, Thomas. 22. August 14, 1862. Denning. Deserted November
25, 1862.

Dorcy, James. 22. February 14, 1862. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Deserted May 10, 1864, while on Vet. furlough.

Devany, James. 30. September 8, 1864. Avon. Killed October 27, 1864 in
action. Recruit.

Evans, James S. 42. August 14, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Captured
March 6, 1865.

Easman, William. 21. .\ugust 13, 1862. Lackawack. Absent in hospital.
Wounded June 27, 1864.

Easman, Charles. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865. Captured
at James City October 10, 1863.

Easman, Peter. 28. August 14, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865. Captured at
James City October 10, 1863.

Evans, Cornelius. 36. August 13, 1862. Dennine;. November Ji 1863. Dis-
charged for wounds received in action May 3, 1863.

Flannery, John. 24. December 3, 1864. Dryden. Wounded in action October
27, 1864. Absent in hospital.

Frear, Zachariah. 27. August 11, 1862. EUenville. October 11, 1B62. Dis-
charged for disability.

Frear, Hiram D. 20. August 14, 1862. Esopus. September 11, 1863. Dis-
charged to accept promotion U. S. C. T.

Fitch, Gilbert A. 18. December 25, 1863. V. V. from 72nd. Absent.
Wounded in action March 25, 1865.

Furman, James. 26. August 16, 1862. Kingston. October I, 1864. Killed
on picket in front of Petersburg.

Faulkner, Thomas. 33. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Octo-
ber 27, 1864. V. V. from 72nd. Killed in action on Boydton Plank Road.

Fox, John. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from
72nd. Deserted January 18, 1864, from general hospital.

Furrey, Patrick. 23. May I, 1861. Newark, N. J. V. V. from 72nd. May 3,
1S64.

Graham, David P. 19. August 6, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865.

Gilfilian, William. 18. September 8, 1864. Elmira. Recruit. Absent^ sick.

Graham, Frederick. 44. July 30, 1862. Denning. February 17, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability.

Graham, Henry. 23. August 8, 1862. Lackawack. March 14, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 75

COMPANY E-Continued.

Privates— Co«/!««ca?.

Groitsmyer, John. 44. August 14, 1862. EUenville. February 23, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability.

Genivan, William. 22. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
from 72nd. Paroled prisoner.

Gillespie, Patrick. 38. September i, 1864. Avon. Recruit. Transferred to
73d-

Gray, Tobias. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1864. Killed in
action at Cold Harbor.

Gregory, David D. L. 21. August 13, 1862. EUenville. September 2, 1864.
Captured October 10, 1862. Died a prisoner of war.

Garrity, Thomas. 28. February 12, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
from 72nd. Deserted May 10, 1864, while on Vet. furlough.

Hoffman, Robert S. 39. August 8, 1862. Wawarsing. June 3, 1865.

Hook, Charles A. 28. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. October 17, 1863. Dis-
charged for wounds received at Chancelloreville May 3, 1863.

Hornbeck, James. 39. August 7, 1862. Wawarsing. February IJ, 1864.
Transferred to V. R. C.

Hannan, Thomas. 35. August 13, 1862. EUenville. March 13, 1864.
Wounded and captured October 10, 1863. Died a prisoner of war.

Heroy, William H. 18. August 2, 1862. Wawarsing. April 18, 1864. Died
at United States general hospital, Baltimore. Disease contracted while pris-
oner of war.

Howard, Frank. 32. February 13, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
from 72nd. Deserted May 10, 1864, while on Vet. furlough.

Irvin, John D. 27. August 8, 1862. Lackawack. October 17, 1863. Dis-
charged on account of wounds received at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863.

Knight, Burgoyn. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. March 8, 1865. Dis-
charged. Wounded in action June 17, 1864.

Kraus, Ernst. 19. August 6, 1864. Avon. Recruit. Wounded in action Oc-
tober 25, 1864. Absent, sick in hospital.

Koinsdorfer, Adolph. 23. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V.
V. from 72nd. Paroled prisoner.

Kearns, James. 38. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
from 72nd. Absent.

Lyman, William. 22. February 28, 1865. Rome. Recruit. Absent.

Loomis, James M. 23. August 9, 1862. Wawarsing. Deserted May I, 1863.

Lewis, John. 25. August 4, 1862. EUenville. June 3, 1865.

Misner, Henry. 31. August 22, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Captured
October 10, 1863.

Miller, Henry. 19. August 13, 1864. Binghamton. June 3, 1865. Recruit.

Many, Artemus D. 27. August 15, 1862. Denning. January 22, 1864.
Transferred to V. R. C.

McCiirdy, James. 22. Sep,tember 6, 1863. Rochester. Recruit. Transferred
to 73d.

McGuire, Michael T. 25. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V.
V. Paroled prisoner.

Maxam, Wesley D. 29. August 6, 1862. Wawarsing. Transferred to 73d to
serve 14 months over his original term of service and to forfeit one-half of his
monthly pay.

276 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY E-Continued.

Privates— Cc»/j«tt?</.

Miller, Frederick. 29. January 2%, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. August

12, 1864. V. V. from 72nd. Died at Brattleboro, Vt.
McGreal, Patriclc. i8. September 12, 1864. Lockport. June 2, 1865. Recruit.
Nickerson, Alexander. 18. August 27, 1864. Ithaca. June 2, 1865. Recruit.
Nickerson, David. 25. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. Died at Lincoln gen-
eral hospital, Washington, October 13, 1864.
Oswell, George M. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V,

from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.
O'Neil, Joseph. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

from 72d. Transferred to 73d.
O'Donnell, Michael. 35. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.
O'Brien, Owen. 33. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from

72d. Wounded March 26, 1865. Transferred to 73d.
Powers, John, Jr. 19. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865.
Pomeroy, William E. 19. August 13, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865.
Pierce, Josiah D. 18. August 14, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865. Wounded

July 2, 1863, at Gettysburg.
Polhamus, Albert. 18. August 4, 1862. Wawarsing. Absent, wounded.
Feck, William. 21. August 11, 1862. Wawarsing. May 24, 1863. Died at

Falmouth, Va.

Pendergast, Daniel. 21. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
from 72nd. Deserted while on Vei. furlough. May 10, i8C)4.

Powers, John, Sr. 40. September 3, 1864. Lockport. Recruit. Missing in
action October 27, 1864.

Rose, Samuel. 18. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Absent in general hospital
since October 15, 18^.

Robertson, William. 28. Septeml>er 8, 1864. Lewiston. Recruit. Absent.

Paroled prisoner. Captured October 27, 1864.
Ryan, John. 24. April 21, 1864. New York city. Transferred from 72nd to

serve 12 months over original enlistment by order G. C. M.

Richerson, Harvey. 21. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. July, 1863. Dis-
charged on certificate of disability.

Roby, James H. 31. July I, 1861. New York city. July 20, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Robinson, John. 22. September 9, 1864. China. Recruit. Transfened to

73d.
Roberts, Charles. 21. December 14, 1864. New York city. Recruit. Paroled

prisoner.

Sharpe, Albert. 18. August 3, 1862. Lackawack. Absent, in general hos-
pital, wounded. April 2, 1865.
Shortman, Lewis. 32. August 13, 1862. Denning. June 3, 1865.

Sharpe, Nathan J. 18. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. Wounded and captured
October 27, 1864.

Sheeley, Charles. 22. August 11, 1862. Ellenville. June 3, 1865.
Silcox, Henry. 40. December 2, 1864. Utica. June 3, 1865. Recruit.
Sheeley, John V. 35. August 7, 1862. Ellenville. February 3, 1863. Di».
charged for disability.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 277

COMPANY E-Continued.

Privates — Conlimud.

Searles, Edward. 25. August 4, 1862. Wawarsing. December 9, 1864. Dis-
charged from wound received at Gettysburg July z, 1863.
Smith, Peter. 20. February 13, 1864. V. V. from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.
Staub, Frederick. 20. December 24, 1863. V. V. from 72nd. Transferred

to 73d.
Spell, Benjamin. 44. August 11, 1864. Utica. Recruit. Transferred to 73d.
Sharpe, John. 21. August 9, i86z. Wawarsing. April 5, 1863. Died at

Fhiladelphia, Pa., while on furlough.
Sparks, Theodore W, 33. August 8, i86z. EUenville. April 14, 1863. Died

at Falmouth, Va.
Sheeley, William. 22. August 11, 1862. EUenville. July 7, 1863. Killed in

action at Gettysburg.
Sheeley, Edward. 19. August 8, 1862. Lackawack. May 3, 1863. Killed in

action at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863.
Schwab, Anthony H. 21. August 13, 1862. Denning. March 25, 1865. Died

of wounds received in action at Hatcher's Run.
Sawyer, James. 24. August 14, 1862. EUenville. Deserted May 30, 1863,

while on furlough.
Tilton, Remson. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

from 72nd. Paroled prisoner. Transferred to 73d.
Troomey, David D. 22. October 31, 1861. New York city. V. V. from 72nd

to serve over time for desertion by sentence C. M, Transferred to 73d.
Vansse, Walter. 29, August 14, 1862. Denning. Captured at Chancellors-
ville May 3, 1863.
Wall, Edward. 36. February 13, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V. from

72nd. Wounded in action March 25, 1865. Transferred to 73d.
Willianu, Joseph. 26. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.
Ware, John A. 29. July 31, 1862. Kingston. May 3, 1863. Killed in action

at Chancellorsville May 2, 1863.
Whitcomb, Rush M. 18. August 3, 1862. Denning. July 2, 1863. KiUed in

action at Gettysburg.
Whiler, John. 43. August 20, 1862. Kingston. Deserted August 24, 1862, at

Kingston. Received S25 advanced bounty and clothing valued at $27.
Ward, John. 41. September 15, 1861. New York city. Deserted June, 1863.
WUIiamson, James. 32. December 24. 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

from 72nd. Deserted March 25, 1865, while on furlough.
York, Morris. 21. August 2, 1862. Wawarsing. August 8, 1863. Died of

wounds received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.
York, Jacob A. 29. August 14, 1862. Wawarsing. Discharged December 24,

1864, for disability.
York, Abram. 24. August 14, 1862. EUenville. October 7, 1864. Dis-
charged from wound received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.
Zepkie, August. 32. September 9, J864. Corning. June 3, 1865. Recruit.

278 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

COMPANY F.

Company F was one of the three companies raised in Greene
county. The men were enlisted by Captain Theodore F. Overbaugh,
of Catskill, Lieutenant Gilbert Pettit, of Lexington, and Lieutenant
Joseph S. Oakley, of Catskill. The company was mustered into the
regiment with these officers and ninety-three enlisted men.

Its losses from the original members were :

Killed in action and died of wounds 5

Died prisoners of war 2

Died of disease 10

Total deaths in service 17

There were discharged for physical disability :

Officers I

Enlisted men 14

15

Transferred, etc. :

Transferred by promotion 4

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 14

Transferred to New York Cavalry i

Deserted 11

Mustered out at close of the war 34 64

96

One officer was received by promotion from another
company, 55 men were received from the 71st and 72nd
Regiments, and 28 recruits joined.

Of the additions to the Company :

Killed in action and died of wounds 3

Died of disease 4

Deserted before transfer 4

Discharged 19

Transferred to 73rd Regiment 21

Mustered out 33 84

Total enrollment 180

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 2 79

COMPANY F-Continued,

Captains.

Overbaugh, Theodore F. 30. August 22, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Discharged
on Surgeon's certificate of disability August 10, 1863. Died of disease at
Catskill, N. Y.

Pettit, Gilbert. 39. August 22, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Mustered as First
Lieutenant August 22, 1862. Promoted Captain January 1$, 1864. Was
taken prisoner June i, 1864. Was prisoner 9 months. Discharged June 3,
1865. Present residence, Macon, Ga.

Lieutenants.

Plimley, William. 26. August 12, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted Second
Lieutenant August 22, 1864. First Lieutenant December 22, 1864, A. D. C.
brigade, headquarters (see Company K). Present address. New York city.

Dickerman, Putnam B. 24. August i, 1862. Jewett. August 22, as Sergeant.
Promoted First Sergeant January 19, 1864. Second Lieutenant December 22,

1864. Discharged June 3, 1S65, at Kingston, N. Y. Was with regiment on
every march and in every Ijattle in which the regiment participated until Feb-
ruary 5, 1865. Present residence. New Milford, 111.

Thomas, Arthur W. 30. August 19, 1862. Catskill. Mustered as Sergeant at

Kingston August 22, 1862. Promoted First Sergeant April i, 1863. First

Lieutenant June 17, 1864. Captain Company D December 22, 1864.

Wounded severely at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged at Kingston, N.

Y., June 3, 1865. Died in Catskill November 15, 1884.
Oakley, Joseph S. 38. -August 22, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered as Second

Lieutenant August 22, 1862, at Kingston, N. Y. Promoted First Lieutenant

Company D August 9, 1864.
Moffatt, John S. 20. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered as Corporal

August 22, 1862, at Kingston, N. Y. Promoted to Sergeant July 24, 1864.

First Lieutenant January 16, 1865. Transferred by promotion February 4,

1865, to Company G. Discharged at Kingston June 3, 1865.

Sergeants.

Wright, Oliver. 40. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Mustered at Kings-
ton, N. Y., August 22, 1862, as private. Promoted Sergeant February 17,
1863. First Sergeant December 22, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865. Died
at Durham, N. Y., 1889, of disease.

Rider, John. 34. July 26, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered August 22, 1862,
at Kingston, N. Y., as Sergeant. Wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863.
Mustered out under General Orders No. 77.

Greene, Nelson O. 23. July 26, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Mustered at Kingston,
August 22, 1862, as private. Promoted to Sergeant December 22, 1864. Dis-
charged June 3, 1865. Present residence, Hunter, N. Y.

Shantz, John G. 20. July 26, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Mu^tgred at Kingston,
N. Y,, August 22, 1862. Promoted to Corporal November I, 1864. To
Sergeant February 4, 1865. Discharged June 3, 1865. Present residence.
New York city.

Carrington, Sidney. 30. August I3, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Mustered at New
York city August 12, 1862. Transferred from Company H, 71st N. Y. V.,
July 7, 1864. Promoted from private to Sergeant January I, 1865. Dis-
charged June 3, 1865.

Greene, Samuel W. 42. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Discharged on
Surgeon's certificate of disability August 6, 1863. Died at Wallkill, N. Y.,
June 4, 1S77.

28o

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY F-Continued.

Sergeants — Continued.

Dumphy, Peter. 25. July 17, 1861. Newark, N. J. Transferred from Com-
pany F, 72nd N. Y. v., June 20, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration
of term of service July 23, 1864.

Cole, Charles. 28. August 15, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. August 22, 1862. Pro-
moted Corporal August 15, 1862. Sergeant April i, 1863. Wounded Novem-
ber 27, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. September 30, 1864.

Heavy, James. 30. November 25, i86t. New York city. Transferred from
Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged October 14, 1864,
by reason of Special Orders No. 254, dated September 14, 1864.

McDonough, Philip. 21. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Pro-
moted Sergeant November 8, 1864. Sergeant-Major January I, ia55. Trans-
ferred to Non-Commissioned Staff. Transferred from Company H, 71st N.
Y. v., July 7, 1864. V. V.

Skillen, John. 40. August 28, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Killed November 7,

1864, front of Petersburgh. Transferred from Company H, 71st N. Y. V.,
July 7, 1864.

Corporals.

Graham, Alfred R. 24. July 26, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Promoted to Corporal
April I, 1863. Severely wounded May 6, 1864. Discharged June 27, 1865,
from Finlay hospital, Washington, D. C.

Graham, Albert S. 24. July 26, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Promoted to Corporal
July 24, 1864. Wounded July 2, 1863, at Gettysbul'g, Pa., also in front of
Petersburgh November 7, 1864. Discharged June 27, 1865, from Finlay gen-
eral hospital, Washington, D. C.

Frank, Levi D. 29. August 9, 1862. Sheridan, N. Y. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 72nd N. Y. v., October 30, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Walsh, James S. 29. August 9, 1862. New York city. Transferred from
Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Dunham, Francis J. 26. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted to Cor-
poral July I, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Van Leuven, John W. 23. July 26, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted to Cor-
poral February 5, 1865. Discharged June 3, 1865. Present residence, Cats-
kill, N. Y.

Brown, John T. 23. August 29, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Promoted
to Corporal March 10, 1865. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Musician.
Rice, George E. 18. August 1, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Privates.

Allan. Benjamin F. 21. August 29, 1862. New York city. Transferred from
Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Wounded November 2, 1864.
Leg off. Discharged from general hospital under General Orders No. 77.

Benjamin, John W. i^. July 29, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Captured at James
City, Va., October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville July, 1864.

Brandow, George. 29. August 8, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Discharged June 3,

1865. Present address, Catskill, N. Y.

Balser, Henry. 24. August 3, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Detached to Battery K,
4lh U. S. A., May 4, 1863. Discharged June 3, 1865.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 28 I

COMPANY F-Continued.

TRivATES—Conlinued.

Brandow, Charles. 26. August 22, 1862.* Kingston, N. Y. Wounded July 2,

1863 and May 6, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Bonesteel, John. 33. August 9, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Taken prisoner at

James City, Va., October lO, 1863, and was in the following prisons : Libby,

Scott's Foundry, Pemberton, Belle Island, Andersonville and Savannah ; in

all 13 months, 9 days. Discharged June 31, 1865.
Bloomier, Daniel. 35. August 11, 1862. Dutchess County, N. Y. Transferred

from Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Wounded September H

1864. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Bates. John W. 28. August 12, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from

Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Provost Marshal's Clerk, Division

headquai-ters. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Brannigan, Robert F. 20. August 30, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred

from Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged June 3, 1865.

Brown, John E. 20. August II, 1862. I-exington, N. Y. Discharged June 3,
1865.

Brower, Charles W. 25. August 22, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute.

Brock, Lewis J. 22. August 26, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute.

Bornt, Lyman. 18. August 23, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute.

Bement, Edward P. 18. September 2, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Subbtitule. Dis-
charged under General Orders No. 77.

Cline, Emery D. 23. August 9, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded at Spottsyl-
vania. Discharged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O.

Clinton, Michael. 43. August 14, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered out June 3,
1865.

Coyle, John. 29. August 14, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered out June 3, 1865.

Cronin, Thomas. 23. August 10, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from
Company H, 71st Regiment, N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Wounded October
27, 1864, at Boydton Plank Road. Discharged under General Orders No. 77.

Corbin, Newell. 18. September 3, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Dis-
charged under General Orders No. 77.

Daly, James. 27. September i, 1862. Brooklyn. Transferred from Company
H, 71st Regiment, N. Y. V. Discharged under General Orders No. 77.

Eignor, Jackson H. 34. August 11, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Wounded March
25, 1865. Leg off. Discharged under General Orders No. 77.

Ford, Edwin. 21. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Discharged under
General Orders No. 77. Taken prisoner at Mine Run, 1864. Wounded July
2, 1862. Exchanged, in November, 1864. Present residence and P. O.
address, Lexington, N. Y.

Griffin, Uriah P. 28. August 10, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Discharged under-
General Orders No. 77 June 27, 1865, at New York. Taken prisoner October
10, 1863, at James City, Va. , and was in the following prisons : Libby, Pem-
berton, Belle Island, Andersonville, Savannah and Mellen. Served in these
prisons 18 months, 20 days. Present residence. Hunter, Greene Co., N. Y.

Howard, Jonathan. 35. August 8, 1862. Jewett. Discharged June 3, 1865.
Present residence, Lexington, Greene Co., N. Y.

Hager, Theodore. 18. August 25, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Mus-
tered out June 3, 1865.

Hovencamp, Joshua. 18. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Discharged under General
Orders No. 77. No discharge furnished .

282 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY F-Continued.

Privates— Co»</»«ir(/.

Hall, Elbert O. 24. August 5, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Wounded at Battle of
Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Taken prisoner May 3, 1863. Discharged
under General Orders No. 77. Present residence, Windham, Greene Co., N. Y.

Ingalls, Frederick. 29. August 9, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded in left leg
in front of Petersburg August 22, 1864. Was taken prisoner at Battle of the
Wilderness. Discharged June 2, 1865.

Keller, John C. 27. August 28, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Discharged June 3,
1865. Present residence. Hunter, N. Y.

Lang, Adam. 28. August 29, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from
Company H, 71st N. Y. V. Mustered out June 3, 1865.

Lyle, William R. 45. August 27, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from
Company H, 71st N. Y. V. Detached to Brig Pioneer Corps. Discharged
June 3, 1865.

Lashier, Adelljert. 18. August 29, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Mus-
tered out June 3, 1865.

Lintz, Andrew. 29. August 11, 1862. New York city. Transferred from Com-
pany F, 72nd N. Y. v., June 20, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865.

McGinnis, Hugh. 23. August i^, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from
Company II, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. .Absent, sick, never been heard
from.

McCoon, James. 35. August II, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Discharged June 2,
1865.

Parsons, Henry S. 31. August 12, 1862. New York city. Transferred from
Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 22, 1864. Detached at Division head-
quarters. Mustered out June 3, 1865.

Preston, Henry. 18. August 22, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Mustered
out June 3, 1865.

Quick, Charles H. 18. August 31, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Wounded March 25,
1865. Arm off. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Substitute.

Russell, William L. 35. August 8, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Mustered out June
3. 1865.

Rivenburgh, David. 23. August 15, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Wounded at
Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Mustered out June 3, 1865.

Riddell, Richard W. 18. August 31, 1864.. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Dis-
charged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O.

Scutt, Abram. 40. August 13, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Detached at 2nd Corps
hospital August S, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865.

Stillwell, Benjamin F. 18. August 29, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Dis-
charged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O. No discharge.

Schantz, Jacob. 18. September 25, 1864. Schenectady, N. Y. Recruit. Mus-
tered out June 3, 1865. Present residence, Maplewood, N. Y.

Ten Broeck, Theodore. 34. August 13, 1862; Catskill, N. Y. Wounded at
Gettysburg July 2, 1863 ; the Wilderness, May 5, 1864; Mine Run, Novem-
ber 27, 1863. Discharged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O. Present
residence, Albany, N. Y.

Traphagen, Kimber. 39. August 13, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Died at Glens
Falls, N.Y., February 15, 1893.

Thornton, Joshua. 18. August 30, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Dis-
charged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 283

COMPANY F-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Wilcox, Peter. 20. August 2, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded at Boydton

Plank Road October 27, 1864, in right arm at elbow. Discharged June 13,

1865. Residence, Hunter, N. V.
Wagner, John. 41. August 30, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from

Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged under General Orders

No. 77, A. G. O.

Williams, Jeremiah. 18. August 30, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Mus-
tered out June 3, 1865.

Wheeler, James C. 18. August 25, 1864. Owego, N. Y. Substitute. Wounded
March 25, 1865. Discharged under General Orders No. 77, A. G. O.

Discharged Privates.

Cole, Edward. 25. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Discharged on Sur-
geon's certificate of disability May I, 1864. Wounded in right leg. Leg off
July 2, 1863. Discharged April 28, 1864, at Philadelphia, Pa.

Conner, William. 23. July 2, 1861. Newark, N. J. Transferred from Com-
pany F, 72nd N. Y. v., June 20, 1864. Discharged July 23, 1864, by reason
of expiration of term of service.

Curtis, Frederick. 28. May 12, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 71st N. Y. v., July 7, 1864. Discharged July 20, 1864, by reason
of expiration of term of service.

Clark, John. 34. September 8, 186 1. New York city. Transferred from Com-
pany F, 72ud N. Y. v., June 20, 1864. Discharged September 9, 1864, by
reason of expiration of term of service.

Cronin, James. 23. March 17, 1862. New York cify. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 71st -N". Y. v., July 7, 1864. Discharged March 17, 1865, by reason
of expiration of term of service.

Costello, James. 29. September 25, 1862. New York city. Transferred from
Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's cer-
tificate of disability March 2, 1865.

Estes, Elijah H. 29. May 12, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 71st N. Y. v., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of term of
expiration of service July 20, 1864.

Ford, Francis. 23. August 14, 1862. " Lexington, N. Y. Discharged on Sur-
geon's certificate of disability April 11, 1863.

Furnia, Martin. 26. June 10, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 71st N. Y. v., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of
term of service July 20, 1864.

Goodsell, Emory J. 26. August 14, 1862. Hunter, N. Y.. Discharged on Sur-
gebn's certificate of disability April 18, 1863. Died at Windham, Greene
county, N. Y., October 15, 1872.

Greenman, -Silas S. 28. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans-
ferred from Company H, 71st Regiment, N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Discharged
on Surgeon's certificate of disability February 13, 1865.

Hitchcock, Samuel F. 33. August 8, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded at
Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of disaTsility
July 9, 1864.

Ingram, Robert. 25. May 15, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 71st N. Y. v., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of
term of service July 20, 1864.

284 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY F-Continued.

Discharged Vkiwktzs— Continued.

Linsley, James. 20. August 14, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded at Gettys-
burg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of disability January
5, 1864. Present residence, Hunter, Greene county, N. Y.

Majilton, Timothy. 25. August 11, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded in neck
severely at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of
disability December 18, 1863. Present address, Lare Viero, Lake county,
Oregon.

McTaigue, Patrick. 32. July 20, 1861. Newark, N. J. Transferred from
Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged for expiration of
term of service July 23, 1864.

MuUagan, Bartholemew. 26. August 4, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded
severely at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of
disability December 1, 1864.

O'Mara, Patrick. 32. September 8, i86i. Newark, N. J. Transferred from
72nd June 20, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of term of service.

Reynolds, Elijah. 29. August 18, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Discharged on
Surgeon's certificate of disability December 13, 1862. Died at Phoenicia,
Ulster county, N. Y., of disease.

Robbins, Charles P. 21. May 12, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com-
pany F. 71st N. Y. v., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of
term of service July 20, 1864.

Reitmiller, George. 36. August 12, 1862. New York city. Transferred from
Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's cer-
tificate of disability August 12, 1865.

•Ruger, Charles. 31. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted to Corporal
February II, 1863. Wcunded in right hand at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.
Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of disabilitv March 10, 1865. Died at
Ward's Island, N. Y., 1877.

Streight, Joshua. 28. August 11, 1862. Shandaken, N. V. Discharged on
Surgeon's certificate of disability March 14, 1863.

Trowbridge, James. 38. August 8, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded in ankle
at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of disability
June 20, 1865. Died in New York city August, 1873.

VanLeuven, Ambrose A. 27. August 11, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded at
Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of disability
June 2, 1864. Died December 14, 1880, at Jersey City.

Varrew, Lewis. 49. July 16, 1861. New York city. Transferred from Com-
pany F, 72nd N. Y. v., June 20, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration
ot term of service July 23, 1861.

VanSise, Robert. 28. June i, 1861. Olean. N. Y. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 71st N. Y. v., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of Surgeon's
certificate of disability July 20, 1864.

Willard, Emmett F. 24. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Discharged on Sur-
geon's certificate of disability November 20, 1862.

Wright, Frederick. 47. May 17, 1861. Olean, N. Y. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 71st N. Y. v., July 7, 1864. Discharged by reason of expiration of
term of service July 20, 1864.

Deeney, Edward. 28. December 21, 1863. V. V. Transferred from Company
F, 72nd N. Y. v., June 24, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of
disability April 25, 1865.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 285

COMPANY F-Continued.

Transferred.

Ashley, John J. Jr. 20. ' August 7, 1662. Catskill, N. Y. Transferred to 1st

U. S. C. January 19, 1863.
Benjamin, Horatio. 30. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Promoted Cor-
poral December i, 1862. Wounded May 3, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C.
March 15, 1864, by order Secretary of War.

Brown, William H. 24. August 11, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Transferred to Vet.
R. C. Promoted Corporal August 11, 1862.

Hoes, Aaron. 27. August 8, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Wounded May 5, 1864.
Transferred to V. R. C. February 6, 1865, by order Secretary War. Resi-
dence, Rondout, N. Y.

Jones, Milo A. 22. August 9, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Wounded July 2, 1863.
Transferred to V. R. C. March 15, 1864, by order Secretary of War. Present
residence. New Milford, 111.

Joesbury, Joseph F, 21. August 22, 1862. Catskill. Transferred by promo-
tion as Quartermaster-Sergeant to Non-Commissioned Staff September I,
1864. Discharged June I, 1869, as Quarter-Master Sergeant, Headquarters
Third Division L. A. P., by reason of war ended. Died at Catskill.

Kline, Charles A. 30. August S, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded July 2,
1863. Transferred to V. R. C. by order of Secretary of War.

Lackey, Peter. 26. August 6, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded July 2, 1863.
Transferred to V. R. C. September 30, 1863, by order Secretary War. Pres-
ent residence, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Marshall, James. 27. August 18, 1862. New York city. Transferred to V. R.
C. February 15, 1864, by order Secretary War ; from Company F, 72nd N.
Y. v., June 20, 1864.

Mackey, Isaac. 22. August 3, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Transferred to V. R. C.
Date not known.

Mastling, John M. 27. August i, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded July 2,
1863. Transferred to V. R. C. November 19, 1864, by order Secretary War.
Present residence, McCoy, Polk Co., Oregon.

Rider, Alexander W. 22. August I, 1862. . Hunter, N. Y. Transferred to V.
R. C. September I, 1863, by order Secretary War. Present residence. Wood-
land, Ulster Co., N.Y.

Sutton, Francis T. 34. August 11, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Wounded May 3,
1863. Transferred to V. R. C. September 30, 1863, by order Secretary War.
Present residence, Schodack, Columbia Co., N. Y.

Smalling, Lucius K. 23. August 2, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Wounded May 3,

1863. Transferred to V. R. C. November 15, 1863, by order Secretary War.
Present residence, Cohoes, N. Y.

Taylor, Thomas G. 23. August 13, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Transferred to V.
R. C. November 15, 1863, by order Secretary War. Present residence. New
York city.

Whittaker, Francis. 27. August 4, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Transferred to V. R.
C. by order Secretary War.

Begley, Peter. 28. February 16, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72nd June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Bullock, George W. 34. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Decem-
ber 30, 1863. V. V. Transferred from Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7,

1864. Detached in Ambulance Corps. Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Boy er, William H. 18. September 6, 1864. Niagara, N.Y. Substitute. Trans-
ferred to 73d Regiment.

286

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY F-Continued.

Transferred — Continued.

Doremus, Thomas J. 33. February 14, 1864, Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to
73d Regiment.

Farrell, Patrick. 37. December lo, 1863. New York city. Transferred from
Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Hurley, Isaac. 30. September 2, 1864. Pike, N. Y. V. V. Promoted to
Corporal January 1st, 1865. Transferred from 72nd N. Y. V. June 20, 1864.
Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Hague, Thomas. 40. March 14, 1865. New York city. Recruit. Transferred
to 73d.

Murphy, John. 30. December 21, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72d June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d June 3, 1865.

McGimty, Michael. 45. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72d June 20, 1869. Transferred to 73d.

McEnroe, Nicholas. 28. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72nd Regiment, N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Platz. Peter. 17. March 12, 1864. New York city. Recruit. Transferred
from Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Spenbeck, Benjamin. 23. November 30, 1863. New York city. Recruit.
Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to
73d-

Sheridan, John. 26. December 4, 1863. New York city. Recruit. Trans-
ferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Searle, Milton. 29. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred frum 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Detached at Army head-
quarters. Transferred to 73d.

Torphey, Thomas. 26. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
December 25, 1863. Promoted to Corporal January I, 1865. Transferred
from 72d N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Woodward, Henry C. 25. March 16, 1864. V. V. Transferred from Com-
pany H, 71st N. Y. v., July 7, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Rogers, George W. Musician. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Va.
V. V. Transferred from Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Trans-
ferred to 73d.

Gorgas, William H. Musician. 20. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Va.
V. V. Transferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Trans-
ferred to 73d.

Died.

Burgess, Addison P. 25. August 5, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Died at camp near

Falmouth, Virginia, January 17, 1863.
Brizie, William D. 42. August 19, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Died at camp

near Falmouth April 11, 1863.

Bell, William H. 21. August 13, 1862. CaUkill, N. Y. Killed at Gettysburg
July 2, 1863.

Bray, Mile. 24. August I, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Died at general hospital
Georgetown, D. C.

Chesley, William W. 18. August 30, 1864. Hector, N. Y. Owego, N. Y.
Died at Harewood hospital, Washington, D. C, February 16, 1865. Substi-
tute.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 28/

COMPANY F-Continued.

Died — Continued.

Durkin, John H. 35. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Decem-
ber 24, 1863. V. V. Wounded March 31, 1865. Died at Armory Square
hospital, Washington, D. C, April 25, 1865. Transferred from Company F,
72nd N. Y. v., June 20, 1864.

Edwards, James. 31. August 13, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted Corporal
October 13, 1862. Died at camp near Falmouth, Va., January 28, 1863.

Eignor, Abram. 42. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Died while home on
sick furlough at Shandaken, N. Y., June 2, 1863.

Hotchkiss, Orrin W. 19. August 14, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Killed at Gettys-
burg July 2, 1863.

Hall, John W. 18. January 26, 1864. Cleremont, N. Y. Died at David's
Island hospital October 3, 1864. Recruit.

Hyde, George E. 18. September 3, 1864. Croton, N. Y. Died at City Point,
Va., December i, 1864. Substitute.

Irving, James. 21. August 29, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Died near Petersburg,
Va., from wounds September 27, 1864. Transferred from Company H, 71st
N. Y. v., July 7, 1864.

Johnson, David. 20. January 26, 1864. Jewett, N. Y. Died at camp near

Falmouth, Va., January 8, 1863.
Longyear, David. 20. January 26, 1864. Cleremont, N. Y. Died at DeCamp

general hospital August 25, 1864.
Ostrander, John H, 28. August i, 1 862. Hunter, N. Y. Died at Anderson-

ville, Ga., March 23, 1864.
Peck, Tennant Jr. 44. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Died at camp

near Falmouth, Va., December i, 1862.
Pond, Dorlin J. 18. August 9, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Killed at James City,

Va., October 16, 1863.
Peck, Lyman P. 24. August 8, 1862. Jewett, N. Y. Promoted Corporal

August 8, 1862. Died at camp near Falmouth, Va., January 14, 1863.
Predmore, Frelinghuysen. 18. August 25, 1864. Hector, N. Y. Killed

March 26, 1865. Substitute.
Pampherin, William. 31. January 23, 1864. New York city. Transferred

from Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Died at Andersonville, Ga.,

August 17, 1864.
Rhodes, William. 38. August 15, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Died at camp near

Falmouth, Va., March, 1863.
Rose, William H. 27. July 26, 1862. Promoted to Corporal July 26, 1862.

Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.
Schermerhom, William H. 23. August 14, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Died at

Andersonville, Ga., July 12, 1864.
VanLoan, George. 18. August 11, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Killed at Chancel -

lorsville, Va., May 3, 1863.
Van Dyke, John. Musician. 21. August 18, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Died at

Culpepper, Va., September 27, 1863.

Deserted.

Brizze, Levi. 32. August 19, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted from camp

near Fairfax Seminary, Va., October 9, 1862.
Beach, Asa. 24. August 9, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted from camp near

Falmouth, Va., December 25, 1862,

288 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

COMPANY F-Continued.

Deserted — Continued.

Benjamin, George W. ig. August 12, 1862. Hunter, N. Y. Deserted from
Tilton general hospital, Wilmington, Del., July 5, 1864.

Downey, William, zo. August 28, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Transferred from
Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Deserted in the Wilderness, Va.,
May 5, 1864.

Faulkner, George W. 24. August 8, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Promoted Corporal
Aujjust 8, 1862. Deserted from camp near Fairfax Seminary, Va., September
16, 1862.

Garrity, John W. 28. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans-
ferred from Company F, 72nd N. Y. V., June 20, 1864. Deserted near Spottsyl-
vania, Va., May 10, 1864.

Ham, William. 33. August 11, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Deserted while home
on fiirlough March 15, 1863.

Lake, Richard. 30. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted from camp
near Fairfax Seminary October 9, 1862.

McCue, Patrick. 36. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans-
ferred from Company H, 71st N. Y. V., July 7, 1864. Deserted near
Spottsylvania, Va., May 10, 1864.

Nagel, John. 18. August 5, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Deserted from DeCamp
general hospital December 5, 1862.

Powell, James D. 18. August 14, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted from
camp near Fairfax Seminary, Va., September 17, 1862.

Steward, Robert. 39. August 19, 1862. Kingston, N. Y. Deserted in New
York city August 25, 1862.

Tresch, Louis. 18. August 29, 1862. Brooklyn, N. Y. Deserted from
DeCamp general hospital December 10, 1864.

Van Valkenburg, William S. 21. August 16, 1862. Lexington, N. Y. Deserted
near Wolf Run Shoals, Va., November 24, 1862.

Wiltsee, Joseph T. 22. July 29, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. Deserted near Gettys-
burg July S, 1863.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 289

COMPANY G.

Company G was recruited in Saugerties by Captain Scott and Lieu-
tenant Russell, and was filled up by the recruits enlisted by Lieuten-
ant Hyde in the town of Lloyd. It left Kingston with the above
named officers and eighty-five enlisted men.

Its losses from the original members were :

Killed in action and died of wounds, officers i

Killed in action and died of wounds, men 15

Died prisoners of war 6

Died of disease 3

Total deaths in service 25

There were discharged for physical disability :

Enlisted men 12

12

Discharged for promotion i

Trans/erred, etc. :

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 7

Deserted 3

Mustered out with regiment and by general orders. 40 50

It received by transfer from other companies 2 officers,
recruits 5, and 50 veterans from the 72nd Regiment.

0/ the additions to the Company :

Killed in action and died of wounds 5

Discharged 3 ■

Transferred 17

Mustered out and discharged by general orders 32 57

Total enrollment ' 145

19

290 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y- S. VOLS.

COMPANY G-Continued.

Captains.

Scott, Walter F. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Major February 4,
1865. Died at Chapaultepec, Mexico, October 8, 1881.

Swart, Ira. 26. July 28, 1862, as private. Pri<moted to Corporal August 31,
1862; to Sergeant, February 3, 1863; to First Sergeant, July i, 1863; to Sec-
ond Lieutenant, June 24, 1864; to First Lieutenant, December 31, 1864; to
Captain, February 4, 18(55. Living in Saugerties, N. Y.

First Lieutenants.

kussell, Edmund McC. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Appointed Adjutant May i,
1863; Brevet Captain, U. S. V. Died January 14, 1874.

Kimble, Warren. August 11, 1862. Kingston. Private, Company H. Pro-
moted to Corporal August 22, 1862; to Sergeant, February 20, 1863; to Sec-
ond Lieutenant, December i, 1864; to First Lieutenant, Company G, Febru-
ary 4, 1865. Wounded on leg and scalp October 27, 1864. Living in Sauger-
ties, N. Y.

Second Lieutenants.

Hyde, James A. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to First Lieutenant
May r, 1863; to Captain, Company A, May 21, 1864. Wounded. Living at
Marlborough, N. Y.

Carle, Jason. 24. Promoted from First Sergeant to Second Lieutenant May i,
1863. Killed at Gettysburg, Penn., July 2, 1863.

MoflFat, John S. 18. Promoted from Sergeant of Company F to Second Lieuten-
ant of Company C February 4, 1865.

First Seroeants.

Deyo, Silas W. 18. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged to receive promotion

to Second Lieutenant, Company D, December 31, 1864. Dead.
Smith, George L. 21. July 28, 1862. Saugerties. Promoted to First Sergeant

May I, 1863. Killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863.
Syrne, Samuel. 34. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Promoted

to First Sergeant December 25, 1864. Killed at Hatcher's Run, Va., March

25, 1865.

Wygant, Marcelus. 21. August 14, 1862. Lloyd. Promoted from Corporal to
Sergeant July I, 1863. Taken prisoner at James City, Va., October 10, 1863.
Wounded in hip March 31, 1865. Promoted to First Sergeant April 1, 1865.
Living in Saugerties.

Sergeants.

Deyo, }Iackaliah B. 21. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Promoted to Sergeant April

1, 1865. Dead.

Edwards, John IL 21. August 8, 1862. Saugerties. Killed June 2, 1864.

Reynolds, Joseph. 18. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Wounded at Gettysburg July

2, 1862. Wounded May 6, 1864. Promoted firom Corporal. Died of
wounds received February 5, 1865.

Tate, George. 23. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred to Non-Commissioned Stajt.
Lyon, Jacob. 20. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Wounded March 31, 1865. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Bailey, Milo V. 22. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Detailed as Clerk at division headquarters. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 291

COMPANY G-Continued.

Sergeants— Co«/2«j«(/.

Reynolds, Henry. 24. Febraary 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Wounded
in action March 25, 1865. Mustered out in accordance witn General Order
No. 77, from War Department, A. G. O., April 28, 1865.

Corporals.

Teetsell, Jeremiah. 21. August 21, 1862. Saugerlies. Promoted to Corporal

February 25, 1863. Living at Saugerties, N. Y.
Smith, William H. 20. August 21, 1862. New York city. Transferred from

72nd N. Y. V. Dead.
Howley, Patrick. 21. August 21, 1862. New York city. Transferred from

72nd N. Y. V. Brooklyn.
Wolven, John C. 25. August 14, 1862. Saugerties. Promoted to Corporal

April I, 1865. Wounded June 16, 1864, near Petersburg. Saugerties, N. Y.
Hommel, David W. ig. August 19, 1862. Saugerties. Promoted to Corporal

April I, 1865. Taken prisoner March I, 1865. Saugerties, N. Y.
Wolven, Ethan. 21. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Promoted to Corporal

April I, 1865. Saugerties, N. Y.
Teetsel, Paul S. 20. August 7, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner near James

City, Va., October 10, 1863.
Bowman, Abram V. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Discharged from U. S. general hospital on Surgeon's certificate of disability

May 18, 1865.
Walker, James R . 26. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged on Surgeon's
' certificate of disability February 10, 1863. New York city.
Schmidt, George. 37. August 13, 1862. Sauserties. Wounded at Gettysburg

July 2, 1863. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps March 16, 1864.

Saugerties, N. Y.
Pelton, Dennis. 18. August I4, 1862. Saugerties. Killed at Gettysburg July

2, 1862.

FiFER.

Straub, Albert. 31. July 31, 1862. Saugerties. Living at Hunter, N. Y.

Drummer.

Van Hoesen, George W. 18. August 15, 1862. Saugerties. Living at Brook-
lyn, N. Y.

Privates.

Adams, Hoxie. 21. August 11, 1862. Lloyd, N. Y. Transferred to V. R. C.
April 6, 1864.

Bleeker, Stephen. 26. August 14, l862- Lloyd. Wounded in hand in Wilder-
ness May 5, 1864. Taken prisoner March 31, 1865.

Bevier, Lewis C. 18. August 18, 1862. Lloyd. Poughkeepsie, N. Y.

Burritt, Francis J. 22. August 22, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded in hip at
Chancellorsville, Va., and in foot at Gaines' Mill May 31, 1864. Saugerties.

Barritt, Sylvester. 18. August 4, 1862. Saugerties. Highwoods, Ulster county,
N. Y.

Barrows, Frank. 19. August 19, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.
Y. V. Fort Scott, Kansas.

292 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY G-Continued.

Privates —Continued.

Bowen, John. 23. August 11, 1862. Dunkirk. On detached service in division
supply train. Dunkirk, N. Y.

Barber, Isaac W. 19. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Killed at Mine Run No-
vember 27, 1863.

Bugbee, Alfred P. 18. December 28, 1863. Dunkirk. Died December 19,
1864, of wounds received October 18, 1864.

Barrett, William. 18. August 16, 1862. Lloyd, N. Y. Taken prisoner Octo-
ber 10, 1863.

Bowyer, Edward. 19. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.
Y. Dunkirk, N. Y.

Burleigh, Philip. 24. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Missing
in action October 27, 1864. To be mustered out in accordance with General
Order No. 77 from War Department A. G. O. April 28, 1865.

CuUen, Lawrence. 23. August 18, 1862. Lloyd. Dead.

Calhoun, Archibald. 22. August 9, 1862. Lloyd. Taken prisoner October 10,
1863. Highland, N. Y.

Carawright, George E. 21. August 14, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner
October 10, 1863. Wcunded in right arm March 25, 1865. Saugerties.

Chapman, Edwin. 18. August 25, 1862. Dunkirk, Transferred from 72nd N.
Y. V. Prisoner March 31, 1865.

Carle, Lawrence. 21. August 4, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner October 10,
1863. Died at Andersonville, Ga., August 13, 1864.

Coe, Lewis. 23. August 12, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged from U. S. general
hospital on Surgeon's certificate of disability May 10, 1865.

Cole, George W. 18. August 6, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged from U. S.
general hospital on Surgeon's certificate of disability January — , 1863. West
Saugerties.

Dillon, Lewis M. 29. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Wounded at Gettysburg.

Dunagan, John H. 32. August Si 1862. Saugerties. Shokan, N. Y.

Dunn, William. 20. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred to V. R. C. April 6, 1864.

Deswald, Patrick. 30. December 31, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.

Duryea, John F. 21. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.

Dillon, William. 42. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans-
ferred from 72nd N. Y. V. Killed in action October 27, 1864.

DuBois, Charles W. 18. August 8, 1862. Lloyd. Missing in action at Gettys-
burg July 2, 1863. (Ezekiel H. Winter of Company G, 120th, said he helped
bury C. W. DuBois at Gettysburg.)

Errien, Gottlieb. 22. August 27, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.
Y. V. '

Frazine, Charles E. 27. August 29, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd
N. Y. V.

Flesher, George. 19. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.
Y. V. Cleveland, Ohio.

Fisher, Henry. 35. August i6, 1862. Llovd. Transferred to V. R. C. Aoril
6, 1S64. ■ ^

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS, 293

COMPANY G-Continued.

Privates— Co»/2«»^</.

Fiero, Frederick L. 21. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Deserted Irom U. S.
hospital in 1863.

Gatchell, Orin L. 31. August 12, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.
Y. V.

Griffin, George W. 21. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Shandaken, N. Y.

Goetcheus, Albert E. 20. August 19, 1862. Lloyd. Wounded at Gettysburg.

Transferred to V. R. C. April 6, 1864.
Hassenger, Philip. 37. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Saugerties, N. Y.
Horton, Samuel M. 18. August 14, 1862. Lloyd, N. Y.
Harris, Francis E. 33. August 23, 1863. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.

Y. V. Detailed as guard at 2nd division hospital.
Holt, William I. 22. August 18, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.

Y. V. Homellsville, N. Y.
Horn, George. 24. Angust 15, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N. Y.

V. Taken prisoner March 31, 1865.
Howe, Ralph P. 21. August 27, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.

Y. V. Wounded June 30, 1864. Leg amputated. Discharged January 7,

1865.

Hallenbeck, John H. 36. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at
James City, Va., October 10, 1863. Died in Andersonville prison June 10,
1864.

Hanks, Cyrus. 18. August 6, 1862. Saugerties. Killed in action October 5,1864.
Hussey, Edward. 38. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Killed

in action October 27, 1864.
Hornbeck, Cornelius C. 35. August 6, 1862. Saugerties. Deserted at Wolf

Run Shoals, Va., November 22, 1862.
Johnson, Charles. 18. August 8, [862. Lloyd. Wounded at Mine Run Novem-
ber 28, 1863, and November 6, 1864.
Johnson, William. 28. August 2;, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.

Y. V.
Johnson, George. 25. August 25, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.

Y. V.
Jones, Thomas C. 23. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.

Y. V. Detailed as butcher at division headquarters. Dunkirk, N. Y.
Johnson, William H. 24. August 14, 1862. Lloyd. Killed at Gettysburg July

2, 1863.
Kernan, James. 18. February 10, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Wounded October 2, 1864. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Kelly, Edward. 35. August 8, 1862. Saugerties, N. Y. Killed at Gettysburg

July 2, 1863.
Lewis, Chauncey. 18. August 8, 1862. Saugerties, N. Y. Discharged on

Surgeon's certificate of disability December 16, 1862.
Laughlin, Joseph. 40. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Lutze, Philip. 25. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Moe, Joseph. 39. August 18, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded at Battle of North

Anna May 24, 1864. Dead.

294 OJV^ HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY G-Continued.

Pr I V ates— Continued.

Mullet, Walter P. 19. August 13, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.
Y. V. Detailed as Clerk at 2nd division hospital. Comer Canal and Seventh
street, Buffalo, N. Y.

Mower, Christopher C. 19. July 30, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at

James City October 10, 1863.
MuUin, Peter. 41. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded at Gettysburg

July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C. December 12, 1864.
Motto, Simon. 39. December 22, 1863. Saugerties. Recruit. Wounded in

Wilderness May 5, 1864. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V. Dead.
McGuire, Hugh. 35. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Wounded October 27, 1864. Leg amputated. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Minard, William C. 19. August II, 1862. Lloyd. Died at Falmouth, Va.,

February 28, 1863.

Neil, Lewis. 18. August 11, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate
of disability November 21, 1863.

Noonan, Patrick. 32. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.

Newkirk, Manasj^a. 26. August 11, 1862. Saugerties, N. Y. Killed at
Gettysburg July 2, 1863.

Neil, Adam H. 21. August 11, 1862. Lloyd. Killed at Mine Run November
27, 1863.

O'Durrel, George. 32. August 11, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nQ

N. Y. V. on Military railroad, General Orders No. 43. Dunkirk, N. Y.
O'Neil, William. 25. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Lost right arm in action October 2, 1864. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate

of disability March 27, 1865.
Palmateer, Joseph C. 21. August 9, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged on Surgeon's

certificate of disability February 14, 1864.
Purdy, George E. 23. August 12, 1862. Lloyd. Discharged on Surgeon's

certificate of disability January 16, 1863.
Plass, Herman. 44. August 5, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner, James City,

October 10, 1863. Died in Andersonville, Ga., April 30, 1864.
Quiiilan, Peter. 40. August i, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner at James City

October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville, Ga., April 30, 1864.
Rease, David. 25. August 7, 1862. Lloyd. Detailed as Provost Guard,

division headquarteis.

Rose, Marquis D. L. 18. August 11, 1862. Lloyd. Highland, N. Y.

Rose, John H. 19. February i8, 1864. Brandy Station, Vii^inia. Missing in
action March 25, 1865. To be mustered out in accordance with General
Oi-ders No. 77, from War Department, A. G. O., April 28, 1865.

Richardson, Frank L. 24. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd
N. Y. V.

Richardson, Charles P. 20. January 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V
V. Wounded March 8, 1865. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.

Rider, John W. 18. August 29, 1862. Dunkirk. Killed at Hatcher's Run
March 25, 1865.

Snyder, Paul. 22. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at James
City October 10, 1863. West Saugerties.

ONB HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 29S

COMPANY G-Contlnued.

VtilWTts— Continued.

Shader, Abram. 22. August 22, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded May II, 1864,

and March 31, 1865. Hurley, N. Y.
Shader, John. 19. August 4, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded May 5, 1864, and

March 25, 1865. New York city.
Sickles, Robert W. 32. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at

James City October 10, 1863. Saugerties.
Smith, George E. 19. August 19, 1862. Saugerties. Detailed to Battery K,

4th U. S. Artillery.
Schoonmaker, David W. 21. August 12, 1862. Lloyd. Dead.
Skidmore, Charles. 20. August 13, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd

N. Y. V. Detailed to Military R. R., General Orders No. 43.
Stillman, Henry C. 19. July 19, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.

Y. V. Detailed as Clerk to Medical Department, diyision headquarters.
Snyder, Charles. 27. August 12, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged on Surgeon's

certificate of disability February 9, 1863.
Shaw, Levi. 25. December 30, 1863. Saugerties. Recruit. Transferred to

73d N. Y. V. Saugerties, N. Y.
Smith, Jacob. 27. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Taylor, Lorenzo. 27. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Detailed in Battery K,

4th U. S. Artillery. Virginia.
Teetsell, Jeremiah H. 28. August 8, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded in hand.

Quarryville, Ulster Co., N. Y.
Tobias, Abrara. 25. August 8, 1862. Lloyd. Taken prisoner at James City,

Va., October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville, Ga., August 18, 1864.
Teetsell, Peter W. ig. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Died in camp near Fal-
mouth, Va., April 5, 1863.
Teetsell, Solomon. 20. August 11, 1862. Saugerties. Killed at Gettysburg

July 2, 1863.
Teetsell, James H. 25. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Died in hospital Decem-
ber 24, 1864, of wounds received October 27, 1864.
Teetsell, Peter J. 35. August 1, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded May 31, 1864.
Thompson, Frank L. 29. August 26, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd

N". Y. V.
Trask, Henrv V. 25. August 16, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.

Y. V. Wounded March 25, 1865.
Turk, Abram. 21. August 6, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged by order of

Judge J. H. McGunn April 4, 1863. Re-enlisted in Company M, 2nd N. Y.

M. V. Decemljer 2g, 1863. Taken prisoner June 6, 1864.
Teetsell, James W. 18. January 2, 1864. Saugerties. Recruit. Transferred

to 73d N. Y. V. New York city.
"Van Aken, Elijah. 20. August 4, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded at Gettysburg

Julv 2, 1863. Translerred to V. R. C. April 6, 1864. Saugerties.
Yandervoort, James H. 23. August 11, 1862. Lloyd. Deserted from U.S.

general hospital in 1864.
"Wilson, Charles. 27. September 2, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd N.

Y. V. Detailed as nurje in U. S. general hospital to Sidney Wilson.
"Wilson, Sidney. 18. September i, 1862. Dunkirk, Wounded at Gettysburg.

Both legs amputated.

296 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY G-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Wilbur, Samuel G. 19. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at James

City, Va., October 10, 1863. Shandaken, N. Y.
Walker, James R. 27. January 4, 1864. Saugerties. Recruit. Wounded May

5, 1864. Missing in action October 27, 1864.
Winter, William H. 24. August 9, 1862. Saugerties. Wounded November

27, 1863. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of disability April 30, 1864.

Died February, 1870.
Winter, Ezekiel. 18. August 19, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged on Surgeon's

certificate of disability March 12, 1863.
Willis, Percival. 42. August 13, 1862. Saugerties. Discharged on Surgeon's

certificate of disability January 16, 1863.
Winans, James W. 18. August 11, 1862. Saugerties. Transferred to V. R. C.

January 16, 1864. New York city.
Ward, Patrick. 30. February 14, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Whitaker, Sheldon B. 22. August 14, 1862. Saugerties. Died in hospital in

Alexandria July 4, 1864, of wounds received June 2, 1864.
Youngs, John V. B. 21. August 5, 1862. Saugerties. Detailed as Wagoner

Brigade supply train. West Saugerties.
Youngs, George E. 28. August 7, 1862. Saugerties. Taken prisoner at James

City, Va., October 10, 1863. Dead.
Youngs, Peter W. 18. August 5, 1862. Saugerties. Died in hospital at

Brandy Station, Va., AprU 5, 1864, of typhoid fever.

Note. — When date of discharge is not given in this Company, the soldiers were-
discharged with the Regiment, June 3, 1865.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 29/

COMPANY H.

Company H was raised by Captain Charles H. McEntee and Lieu-
tenants James K. Holmes and Michael E. Creighton. It was mus-
tered with the regiment August 22nd, 1862, with the above named
officers and eighty-six enlisted men.

Its losses from the original members were :

Killed in actic.n and died of wounds, officers 4

Killed in action and died of wounds, men 6

Died prisoners of war 4

Died of disease, ofiScers i

Died of disease, men 6

Total deaths in service 21

There were discharged for physical disability :

Discharged for disability 1 1

II

Discharged for promotion i

Transferred, etc. :

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 11

Deserted 9

Served to close of war, officers r

Served to close of war, men 37 58

89.
Of the additions to the Company :

Received by promotion, other companies, officers.. 2

Recruits in 1864 16

Transferred from 71st and 72nd Regiments 45 6j

Total enrollment 152

Many of the transferred men never joined the company, and quite
a number that did join it were soon discharged by expiration of
term of service. Of the additional number of men received three
died in service.

298 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY H-Continued.

Captains.

McEntee, Charles H. 20. August 18, 1862. Kingston. December 21, 1862.

A gallant and promising young officer stricken with brain fever and died at

the beginning of his military career on December 21, 1862, at Falmouth, Va.

His remains lie in Montrepose Cemetery, Rondout, where loving parents have

erected a broken colum to mark his resting place.
Holmes, James K. 30. August 22, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted

from First Lieutenant December 21, 1862.

First Lieutenants.

Creighton, Michael E. 27. August 22, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Pro-
moted to First Lieutenant December 21, 1862. Fell mortally wounded at the
battle of Gettysburg, Pa., July 2, 1863, while bravely cheering his men
against the charge of Barksdale's Mississippi Brigade. He died during the
night and was buried on the field. His remains were a few days afterward
removed by his brother and re-interred at Hawley, Pa.

Lockwood, John J. 21. August 22, 1862. Kingston. May 5, 1864. Mustered
as Sergeant. Promoted to First Sergeant October 6, 1862. To First Lieu-
tenant January 16, 1864. Killed at the Battle of the Wilderness while in com-
mand of Company K and buried on the field.

Carr, Albert. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. November 25, 1864. Promoted
from Sergeant-Major May 5, 1864. Discharged for disability. Residence,
Kingston.

Drake, Marquis M. 30. January 30, 1865. Dimwiddie, Va. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 72nd N. Y. V. as Sergeant to Company D. Promoted to First
Lieutenant Company H. Residence, Buffalo, N. Y.

Second Lieutenants.

Cockburn, William J. 29. August 22, 1862. Kingston. July 22, 1863. Mus-
tered in as Commissary-Sergeant. Promoted to Second Lieutenant December
21, 1862. Died at Harrisburgh of wounds received at Gettysburg July 2,
1862.

Dederick, William H. 23. August 22, 1862. Kingston. September 20, 1864.
Mustered as Sergeant. Promoted Second Lieutenant August 16, 1864. Killed
on picket line in front of Petersburg. His remains were sent home and now
He m the Reformed Church yard at Kaatsban, N. Y. A braver soldier or
truer patriot was not in the service.

Kemble, Warren. 21. August, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Sergeant from
Corporal February 11, 1863. To First Sergeant August 16, 1864. To Second
Lieutenant December i, 1864. To First Lieutenant February 4, 1865, and
transferred to Company G, 120th N. Y. V. Residence, Saugerties, N. Y.

Hayes, Eugene F. Second Lieutenatit. Mustered February 4, 1865. Mustered
into service as private August 22, 1862. Promoted to Commissary-Sergeant
February 11, 1863. Promoted to Second Lieutenant February 4, 1865. Resi-
dence, New York city.

Sergeants.

Conway, Andrew J. 38. July 28, 1862. Kingston. October 6, 1862. Dis-
charged on Surgeon's certificate of disability.

Maxwell, John W. 27. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Captured October 10, 1863.
Exchanged prisoner. Discharged General Order 77.

De La Mater, Charles K. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 299

COMPANY H-Contlnued.

Sergeants— Continued.

Whittaker, James. 30. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Promoted to Sergeant Sep-
tember 20, 1862. Captured October 10, 1863. Wounded December 13, 1862.
Discharged General Order No. 77, 1865.

Myers, Bartholomew T. 19. August 26, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. June 3, 1865.
Transferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864. Promoted to Sergeant Jan-
uary I, 1865.

Torrey, Edwin H. 28. December 23, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. 1865.
V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Promoted to First Sergeant March
1, 1865. Captured March 25, 1865. Discharged General Order No. 77.

Ross, Orville A. 21. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. February
3,1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864. Promoted
to Second Lieutenant Company K.

Weaver, Jacob. 23. August 11, 1862. Kingston. January 12, 1863. Pro-
moted from Corporal October 20, 1862. Died at Falmouth, Va.

Reisenberger, George C. 18. August 12, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.
Promoted to Corporal January I, 1865. To Sergeant February 4, 1865.

Smith, George B. 21. August 9, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted
to Sergeant May I, 1865.

Tappen, Hiram R. 22. August 15, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Pro-
moted to Sergeant June 16, 1864. To Commissary-Sergeant February 4,
1865.

Cram, Augustus. 26. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. March
26, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged on Surgeon's certfi-
cate.

Corporals.

Fox, William. 21. August 7, 1862. Kingston. February 6, 1864. Wounded
at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C.

DeWitt, Andrew N. 38. August 2, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed at
Gettysburg.

Goetcheus, Eenjamin F. 22. July 23, 1862. Kingston. February 13, 1864.
Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of disability.

Conklin, Elijah. 35. August 14, 1862. Promoted io Corporal February II,
1863. Captured October 10, 1863. Exchanged prisoner at Vicksburg. Dis-
charged General Order 77.

Snyder, Peter. 18. August 6, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted to
Corporal February 4, 1865.

Jones, Charles W. 23. August 13, 1862. Kingston. March 16, 1864. Trans-
ferred to V. K. C.

Gartison, Malachi. 26. August 11, 1862. Kingston. Augu's£ 29, 1863. Dis-
charged on Surgeon's ceriificate of disability.

Maloney, Patrick. 23. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. Transferred from
72nd Regiment. Wounded March 25, 1865. In hospital. Discharged Gen-
eral Order No. 77.

Pickard, Melvine E. 18. August 9, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. June 3, 1865.
Transferred from 72nd Regiment.

Boyne, John. 19. February 16, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i, 1865.
V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Wounded November 5, ^864.
Transferred to 73d Regiment.

300 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY H-Continued.

Corporals — Continued.

Bundy, James E. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 71st Regiment. Promoted to Corporal

April I, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment.
Homer, Eugene L. 22. December 24, 1865. Brandy Station, Virginia. June

I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d Regiment.
Stafford, Austin. 24. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Captured March 25, 1S65. Exchanged

prisoner at Annapolis, Md.
Lacey, John. 25. August 13, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from hospital at

Philadelphia August 31, 1863.

Musicians.

Kelly, Richard. 14. November i, 1862. Alexandria, Va. Transferred from

71st Regiment. Discharged General Order 77.
Barber, George. 19. August S, 1862. Kingston. .April 16, 1863. Discharged

on Surgeon's certificate of disabiUty.
Zincke, Charles. 18. ^ August 12, 1861. New York city. August 12, 1864.

Transferred from 72nd Regiment.
Slienringer, George, 18. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Non-

Commissioned Staff May i, 1864.
Fairbanks, John W. 16. February 16, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Privates.

Arrold, Jacob J. 25. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Served two
years in Battery K, 4th N. Y. Artillery. Residence, Glasco, N. Y.

Abernethy, James. 39. January 18, 1865. Foughkeepsie, N. Y. April 16,
1865. Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of disability.

Ashford, John Q. 40. September 3, 1864. Rochester, N. Y. June 3. Cap-
tured March 25, 1865. Exchanged.

Borley, John. 25. July 24, 1862. Kingston. October 28, 1865. Discharged
on Surgeon's certificate of disability.

Brown, Lewis T. L. 20. February 24, 1864. Ashford, N. Y. June i, 1865.
Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Bunton, Andrew N. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. January i, 1864. Dis-
charged on Surgeon's certificate of disabiUty.

Brophy, Patrick. 30. July 23, 1862. Kingston. April 20, 1863. Discharged
on Surgeon's certificate of disability.

Baker, Henry. 24. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Transferred to 73d Regi-
ment.

Brown, William H. 18. Septemlwr 5, 1864. Rochester, N. Y. June i, 1865.
Wounded March 25, 1865. Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Burns, John. 27. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 1, 1865.
V. V. Transferred from 71st. Transferred to 73d.

IJ'ggs. James. 26. January 24, 1864. New York city. June I, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 71st July 7, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Brown, Daniel E. 24. July 31, 1862. Kingston. September 28, 1864. Died
at City Point, Va.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 3O I

COMPANY H-Continued.

Privates— Co»/»»«^rf.

Bundy, North. 18. February 1, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Transferred

to 73d Regiment.
Butterfield, Joseph W. 18. February 4, 1864. Ashford, N. Y. December 17,

1864. Transferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864. Wounded October
16, 1864. Died at Washington, D. C, of'^wound.

Casey, John. 18. August 2, 1862. Kingston. November 3, 1864. Died at

City Point, Va., November 3, 1864.
Cogswell, John. 30. August 18, 1862. Kingston^ Captnred October 10, 1863.

Exchanged prisoner at Annapolis, Md.
Cockfair, Charles E. 36. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Received furlough

February 21, 1863. Never returned to regiment.
Cogswell, William H. 22. August 9, 1862. Kingston. May 3, 1863. Killed

at the Battle of Chancellorsville, Va.
Conklin, Aros J. 27. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Captured May 6, 1864.

Exchanged prisoner. Discharged under General Orders No. 77.
Christiana, Matthew. 19. August 6, 1862. Kingston. November 27, 1863.

Killed at the Battle of Payne's Farm.
Crook, James. 19. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Deserted January 25, 1863.
Doyle, James. 30. August 14, 1862. Kingston. August 5, 1864. Captured

October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville, Ga.
Dewey, Ira. 22. August 6, 1862. Kingston . June 3, 1865. Wounded before

Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864.
Downs, Patrick. 18. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864.
DuPuy, Ira. 24. February 28, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. Junes, 1863.

V. V. Transferred from 71st. Captured October 26, 1865. Exchanged.
Dougherty, Thomas. 26. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June

3,1865. V. V. Transferred from 71st.
DuBois, Peter D. 19. October 20, 1861. New York city. October 20, 1864.

Transferred from 87th Regiment September 12, 1862. Expiration term of

service.
DuBois. Robert. 18. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 71st.

Eighmey, Peter. 21. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Deserted May 6, 1864.

Ennist, Wilson. 23. August 12, 1862. Kingston. Deserted September 11, 1862.

Edwards, Morris. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 71st Regiment July 7, 1864.

Fountain, Jeremiah. 30. August 26, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd June 20, 1864.

Fox, John. 22. August 7, 1862. Kingston. April 28, 1863. Transferred to
V. R. C.

Farr, William C. 21. August 6, 1862. Kingston. March 6, 1863. Died at
Falmouth, Va.

Ferris, Samuel. 32. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans-
ferred from 72nd as absent, sick; never returned.

Frisch, William. 36. September 13, 1864. Avon. Exchanged prisoner of war.

Garrison, Weyant. 21. August II, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Harris, Edward H. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Injured by falling tree
Febi-uary 8, 1865. In hospital.

302 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY H-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Hazzard, Henry. 34. August 5, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Hicks, Egbert. 33. August 7, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Hanley, John. 22. August 22, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Hall, Edmund. 25. August 12, 1862. Kingston. April 8, 1864. Discharged
on Surgeon's certificate of disability.

Hayes, Joel N. l8. July 28, 1862. Kingston. March 15, 1864. Transferred
to V. R. C. Died November 4, 1892, at Kingston, N. Y.

Hobart, William. 18. December 29, 1863. Harmony. June I, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Hoskins, Everitl L. 18. December 22, 1863. Harmony. June i, 1865. Trans-
ferred to 73d.

Hall, Jacob. September 9, 1864. Transferred from 71st July 7, 1864. Died at
David's Island.

Harris, Morgan L. 22. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Deserted July 2, 1862.

Hertinstein, Christian. 27. July 16, 1861. Dunkirk. July 16, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd Regiment June 20, 1864. Expiration term of service.

Hess, George. 23. Augusts, 1861. Kingston. August 5, 1864. Transferred
from 71st Regiment July 2, 1864. Expiration time of service.

Haffy, Cornelius. 30. May 2, 1861. Kingston. January 21, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 7 1st Regiment. Sentenced by general court martial to six months
and four days service lost by desertion. Discharged by expiration of term.

Imhoff, Adam. 20. July 25, 1862. Kingston. March 15, 1864. Transferred
to V. R. C.

Johnson, James B. 25. December 25. Brandy Station, Virginia. January 10,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to V. R. C.

Johnson, Allen H. 22. August 27. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd Regiment October 31, 1864.

Jenkins, James. 18. August 30. Avon. June 3, 1865.

Jennings, Elijah. 35. August II, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed at
the Battle of Gettysburg.

Kniffin, William H. 21. July 29, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 31, 1864.
Ill general hospital. Discharged under General Orders No. 77.

Keegan, Thomas E. 38. September 3, 1862. New York city. Transferred
from 71st. Absent since transfer.

Kerr, John. 26. July 28, 1862. Kingston. Deserted July 2, 1863.

Lown, Jolui W. 18. July 31, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 31, 1864, and
March 25, 1865. In hospital. Discharged under General Orders No. 77.

Lewis, Jeremiah. 23. August 6, 1862. Kingston. July 5, 1863. Died at
Alexandria, Va.

Lawler, John. 22. August 25, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd Regiment.

Lyhan, John. 42. July 4, 1864. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred from
72nd Regiment. Wounded April 6, 1865.

Lindsley, Nelson E. 20. August 6, 1862. Kingston. October 16, 1864. Dis-
charged to accept promotion.

McLoud, Francis. 33. August 11, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Wounded
at the Battle of Chancellorsville May 3, 1863.

McNamara, George. 18. August 25, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd Regiment.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3O3

COMPANY H-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

McAlear, Charles. 18. August 9, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd Regiment.

Miller, Gottlieb. 35. August 26, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from yznd.
Absent, wounded. Never joined company.

McCarthy, Michael. November 20, 186 1. New York city. December 31, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd.

McDonald, Edward.. 31. February 4, 1864. Kingston.

McKenna, Niel. 32. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted. July 2, 1863.

Myers, William M. 18. August S, 1862. Deserted from hospital January 18,
1863.

Moul, Ira. 18. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Deserted June 15, 1863.

Miller, Peter, 23. September 3, 1864. Alexandria, N. Y. June I, 1865.
Transferred to 73d Regiment.

More, James. 32. February 25, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Transferred
to 73d Regiment.

Myers, Edgar C. 24. August I?, 1862. Kingston. May 12, 1863. Died at
Potomac Cieek, Va.

Maloney, Cornelius. 20. August 7, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd Regiment.

Murphy, Timothy. 28. August 15, 1862. Kingston. April 30, 1863. Returned
to 71st Regiment as a deserter from that regiment.

Member, George S. 40. August 9, 1862. Kingston. September I, 1863.
Transferred to V. R. C.

Near, Sylvester. 38. July 23, 1862. ICingston. May i, 1864. Transferred to
V. R. C.

O'Reilly, John. 19. December 25, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June i,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 71st Regiment. Transferred to 73d Regi-
ment.

Porter, George. 32. January 5, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Absent, sick.
Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Perkins, Pizarro. 23. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72nd Regiment. Taken prisoner March 25, 1865, at
Elmira, N. Y.

Reddenberry, William. 27. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd.
Attached to Battery K, 4th N. Y. Artillery.

Ruton, Cornelius. 36. September 3, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865.
Transferred from 71st.

Randall, Uriah S. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd.

Robinson, Charles A. 32. August 14, 1862. Kingston. September 12, 1863.
Transferred to V. R. C.

Rowan, Henry. 27. February 10, 1865. Kingston. June I, 1865. Trans-
ferred to 73d Regiment.

Rodamer, Chauncey F. 43. August 18, 1862. Kingston. October 10, 1863.
Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Roots, William F. 21. August 4, 1862. Kingston. July 7, 1864. Captured
October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Rodgers, Orville P. 18. August 29, 1864. Avon. November 9, 1864. Sub-
stitute. Killed in action front of Petersburg.

304 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY H-Contlnued.

Privates — Continued.

Slater, William. 32. July 28, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in action

at Gettysburg.
Slater, John. 38. August 16, 1862. Kingston. April 23, 1864. Captured

October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Smith, Leonard. 24. August 18, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from hospital
August 31, 1864.

Schivykardt, Philip. 34. August 30, 1864. Avon. June I, 1865. Substitute.
Wounded October 26, 1864. Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Struse, Frederick. 24. February z, 1865. Kingston. June i, 1865. Trans-
ferred to 73d Regiment.

Sickler, Victor S. 30. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Sentenced by general
court martial to serve until October 24, 1866, on one-half pay to make good
time lost by desertion. Transferred to 73d Regiment.

Story, Lewis M. 18. December 22, 1863. Ellington. Transferred from 72nd
Regiment. In general hospital, Buffalo, N. Y.

Snyder, Henry. 21. August 6, 1862. Kingston. February IS, 1864. Trans-
ferred to V. R. C. i o -■,

Sickler, Cyrus. 24. August 4, 1862. Kingston. February 27, 1863. Dis-
charged on Surgeon's certificate of disability.

Sickler, Ezra. 21. August 18, 1862. Kingston. September i, 1864. Dis
charged on Surgeon's certificate of disability.

Snooks, Emery W. 26. August iz, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Smith, James. 32. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Slauson, Ira M. 31. August 26, 1864. Avon. June 3, 1865. Substitute for
one year.

Sheeley, George W. 18. September 3, 1864. Rochester. June 3, 1865. Sub-
stitute one year.

Trudden, John. 20. August 12, 1862, Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in
action at Gettysburg.

Taylor, George. 20. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Deserted July 2, 1863.

Thayer, Ruben E. 19. February 3, 1864. EUicott. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 73d Regiment.

Toner, Frederick. 35. December 31, 1864. Chautauqua. June 3, 1865.
Transferred from 72nd Regiment.

Todd, Edward. 40. December 29, 1863. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd
Regiment. Sick at general hospital.

Terwilliger, James H. 20. January 15, 1864. Transferred from 87th Regiment.
Wounded July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C.

Van Wart, Frederick. 21. August 6, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Van Buren, Hiram. 27. August 7, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 31, 1864.
In hospital. Discharged under General Order 77.

Van Aiken, Christopher C. 24. August 13, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Wounded May 5, and November 29, 1864.
Vetter, David. 21. August 22, 1862. Kingston, June 3, 1865.
Wood, William S. 21. August 8, 1862. Kingston. Captured October 10,

1863, at Annapolis. Prisoner. Exchanged.

Wirtner, Baldas. 38. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd June 20, 1864.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3© 5

COMPANY H-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Winter, Theodore. 39. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd
Regiment. Absent, wounded.

Wirtner, Martin. 40. August 22, 1862. Dunkirk. October ig, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Discharged for disability.

Williams, David. 30. August 11, 1862. Kingston. April 20, 1863. Dis-
charged on Surgeon's certificate of disability.

Wonder, George H. 21. August 12, 1862. Kingston. January II, 1864.
Transferred to V. R. C.

Yates, Charles M. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. January 11, 1864. Trans-
ferred to V. R. C.

306 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY I.

Company I was recruited in Kingston by Francis W. Reynolds,
and was known as the Havelock Company. Its first ofiScers were :
Captain Francis W. Reynolds, First Lieutenant Alexander Austin,
and Second Lieutenant John S. Burhans. Captain Reynolds was
wounded at Chancellorsville so severely that he was unable to remain
in the service. Lieutenant John B. Krom of Company C was pro-
moted to Captain and had command until disabled by a wound.
Lieutenant A. M. Barber, formerly of Company B, was promoted to
Captain and commanded it until its muster ouL First Lieutenant
Austin was discharged for physical disability and Second Lieutenant
Burhans was killed at Gettysburg, Pa. The Company was mustered
in United States service with three commissioned officers, and ninety-
one enlisted men.

lis losses from the original membees were :

Killed in action and died from wounds, officers i

Killed in action and died from wounds, men 12

Died prisoners of war, enlisted men 7

Died of disease 7

Total deaths in service 27

Hiere were discharged for physical disability :

Officers 2

Men 13

15

Discharged for promotion, enlisted men 2

Transferred, etc. :

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps 7

Transferred to Signal Corps i

Deserted 7

Mustered out by general orders 35 50

Carried forward 94

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3O7

COMPANY I-Continued.

Brought forward 04

It received by traasfer from other companies 4 officers.
On the muster out of the 71st and 72nd Regiments in
Jnly, 1864, the men of those regiments whose terms of
enlistment had not expired were transferred to the 120th
Regiment Company I received 42, and also received
19 recruits. Many of the transferred men never joined
the company, being absent sick or on detached service.

Of the additions to the Company :

Killed in action and died from wounds 5

Died of disease 3

Discharged for physical disability, officers 2

Discharged for physical disability, men 8

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps i

Transferred to 73rd Regiment, N. Y. Y 24

Deserted i

Mustered out by general orders, officers i

Mustered out by general orders, men 18 .63

Total enrollment.

Captains.

157

Reynolds, Francis W. 24. August 22, 1862. Kingston. October 14, 1863.
Discharged on Surgeon's certificate of disability from wounds received at
Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Died at Kingston April 20, 1870.

Krum, John B. 22. August 22, 1862. Kingston. October 19, 1864. Pro-
moted from First Lieutenant Company C. Discharged by special order 354
War Department for wounds received in action. Residence, High Falls,
N. Y.

Barber, Ambrose M. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted
from private Company B to Sergeant November i, 1863. To Sergeant-
Major May 5, 1864. Second Lieutenant Company B August 16, 1864. To
Captain Company I February 4, 1865. Residence, Brooklyn, N. Y.

First Lieutenants.

Austin, Alexander. 24. August 22, 1862. Kingston. October 7, 1863. Dis-
charged for physical disability. Wounded at Gettysburg.

Brooks, Thaddeus C. 22. July 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Pro-
moted from Sergeant Company A to Second Lieutenant June 24, 1864, in
Company A. To First Lieutenant Company I.

308 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY l-Continued.

Second Lieutenants.

Burhans, John R. 25. August 22, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action at Gettys-
burg July 2, 1863. Buried at Kingston, N. Y.

Rider, Albert E. 20. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Promoted from Corporal Co.
B. Discharged October 8, 1864, Special Order No. 338, A. O. O., War
Department. Residence, Albany, N. Y.

Cook, Philander. 25. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 3,
1865. Transferred from Company G, 82nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864, as
Corporal. Promoted to Second Lieutenant February 20, 1865.

First Sergeants.

Johnston, Eugene C, 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Captured at James
City Octobdr 10, 1863. Promoted to Second Lieutenant. Not mustered.
Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Residence, Albany,

Sergeants.

Jackson, James G. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. March 7, 1863. Dis-
charged for physical disability. Residence, Kingston, N. Y.

DuBois, L£wis A. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Discharged August 16,
1864, to receive commission in Company E.

Bussimer, Louis. 30. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence,
Kingston, N. Y.

Fisk, Charles W. 26. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Residence,
Jersey City, N. J.

Hale, Wilbur L. 22. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted
from Corporal March 7, 1863. Was wounded in right hand, right cheek bone
and left hip at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Captured at James City October
10, 1863. Exchanged October 20, 1864. Acting Sergeant-Major from May
15, 1865, until return and muster out of regiment. Residence, Rondout, N. Y.

Edson, Henry W. 29. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. Transferred to
73d N. Y. V. June i, 1865.

Corporals.

Delanoy, James M. 25. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action at
Gettysburg July 2, 1863.

Myer, Gilbert. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston, j Killed in action at Gettys-
burg July 2, 1863.

Barnes, Josiah D. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Killed in action at Gettys-
burg July 2, 1863.

Delamater, William P. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Died in Division hos-
pital, Falmouth, Va., January 28, 1863, of typhoid fever.

Mead, Edgar H. 21. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Leviris, Egbert. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Promoted to
Corporal August 25, 1864. Residence, Rondout, N. Y.

Roosa, John P. 24. August 14, 1862, Kingston, June 3, 1865. Wounded
May 3, 1863, and May 5, 1864, and March3l, 1865. Residence, Hurley, N. Y.

Bishop, Ellis H. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Severely virounded March
25, 1865. Died at Rondout, N. Y.

Hart, Griffin A. 21. August 14, 1862. Kingston, Wounded at Chancellors-
ville May 3, 1863, Transferred to V. R, C. March 16, 1864. Residence,
Kingston, N. Y.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3^9

COMPANY 1-Continued.

COKVOV:.\LS—Coniinued.

Weaver, George VV. 21. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Promoted January 10,
1863. Wounded at Chancellorsville May 3, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C.
May 31, 1864. Died at Kingston July 14, 1883.

Carle, Ezra. 21. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Detailed to Ambulance Corps
February, 1863. Taken prisoner at MineKun, Va. Discharged under Gen-
eral Orders No. 77.

Servoss, Norman W. 22. August 24. 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. Transferred from
Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. Promoted March i, 1865.
Wounded and in general hospital.

Barrows, Alvin E. 20. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. Transferred to
73d Regiment, N. Y. V., June i, 1865.

Hanchett, James H. 23. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N. Y. V.
Died at Waverly, Iowa, 1890.

Hough, John M. 26. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V. Absent, wounded. Trans-
ferred to 73d N. Y. V.

Musicians.

McCIung, Richard. 15. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Resi-
dence, Kingston, N. Y.

Smith, George E. 16. August 14, 1862. Kingston. February 5, 1863. Dis-
charged for physical disability.

Grimes, Thomas. 17. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. Transferred to
73nd N. Y. V. June i, 1865.

Hay, Alexander. 18. December 10, 1863. Dunkirk, N. Y. Recruit. Trans-
ferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864. Transferred to 73d
N. Y.V.June i, 1865.

Privates.

Adams, James L. 18. September 2, 1854. Rushford, N. Y. June 3, 1865.
One year substitute.

Anglewood, John. 37. September 3, 1863. Buffalo, N. Y. June 3, 1865.
Transferred from Company G, 72nd., July 24, 1864.

Ambler, George W. 30. September 8, 1862. Dunkirk, N. Y. Transferred
from 72nd N. Y. V. Detailed on U. S. Military R. R.

Burgess, William D. 18. August 19, 1862. Kingston. June 3,1865. Wounded
July 2, 1863. Residence, Rondout, N. Y.

Benson, Clinton M. 37. September 11, 1862. Dunkirk, June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V., July 24, 1864.

Bloomer, Samuel. 20. December 2, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. Trans-
ferred from Company G, 72nd, July 24th, 1864. ' Transferred to 73d June i,
1865.

Baker John. 25. December 21, 1863. Transferred from Company G, 72nd N.
Y. V. Transferred to 73d June I, 1865.

Bums, William. 24. August 15, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in ac-
tion at Gettysburg, Pa.

3IO ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY I-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Bogard, Theodore. 21. August 14, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in

action at Gettysburg, Pa.
Burhans, Abram. 27. August 14, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in

action at Gettysburg, Pa.
Bacon, Milton S. 22. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from Company G, 72nd N.V. V. July 24, 1864. Killed May 23,

1864.
Burke, William H. 19. August 9, 1862. Kingston. Taken prisoner, July 14,

1863. Died in Military prison. May ig, 1864.
Brockett, Jerry. 38. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transterre I from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V. Transferred to 73d N Y. V.

June I, 1865.
Dallas, Berry. 21. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.

Transferred from Company G, 72nd N. Y. V. July 24, 1864. Transferred to

73d N. Y. V. June i, 1865.
Carle, Uriah. 26. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.
Carle, Peter. 31. July 5, 1864. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Drafted.
Chichester, E. \V. 20. August 14, 18621 Kingston. June 3, 1865. Detailed

to Battery K, 4th Artillery. Residence, New York City.
Casper, Conrad 11. 23. August 18. 1862. Kingston. October, 1863. Trans-
ferred to V. R. C. Captain in Regular Army.
Chichester, John H. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. November 6, 1863.

Transferred to V. R. C.
Cornelius, Alonzo G. 24. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to Signal

Corps, Army Potomac, Order General Meade. Residence, Dobbs Ferry, N. Y.
Clapper, Jacob. 18. August 20, 1862. Kingston. September 30, 1864. Killed

on picket in front of Petersburg, Va.
Campbell, Henry M. ig. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted January 21,

1863.
Currie, Daniel H. 21. August 21, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from general

hospiial.
Clark, Myrick. ig. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 3, 1864, at

the Wilderness, Virginia. Went to hospital. Never returned to regiment.
Delamater, William. 24. August 8, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Detailed

at Corps headquarters.
Drautz, Louis. 18. August 11, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. DiedatRon-

dout, i8g2.
Davis, John W, ig. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Sick in general hospital.

Discharged. General Order 77. Taken prisoner at Spottsylvania.
Davis, Green L. 20. August 15, 1862. Kingston. Novemlier 6, 1863. Trans-
ferred to V. R. C. Wounded, May 3, 1863. Residence, Marbletown, N. Y.
Davis, Clark. 27. August 16, 1862. Kingston. March 15, 1864. Transferred

to V. R. C.
Dwyer, Edmond. 26. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June 1,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.
Eckert, David, ig. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.
Eltinge, John H. 18, August ig, 1862. Kingston. Sick in general hospital.
Eltinge, David R. 33. August, 1862. Kingston. April 9, 1864. Wounded at

Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged by order General Dix, New York.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3 I I

COMPANY I-Continued.

V^WKTXS— Continued.

Eighraey, Miles M. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed at
Gettysburg.

Everett, John. 18. August 14, 1862. Kingston.

Fuller, Lyman. 21. August 24, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd.
Captured October 25, t864, at Camp Parole.

Fox, Charles A. 22. August i, 1861. Westfield. August 7, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Fout, Michael. 18. February 13, 1865. Kingston. June i, 1865. Recruit.
Transferred to 73d. ' ,

France, James N. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. May 5, 1864. Killed in
action at the Wilderness.

Garry, Michaeli 19. December 24, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72nd July 24, 1864. Deserted August 9, 1864.

Goelcr, William E. 27. December 21, 1S63. Brandy Station, Virginia. June
1,1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

•Gibson, Dewitt J. 19. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Gagan, Henry. 19. December 16, 1863. Dunkirk. June I, J865. Recruit.
Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

•Gridley, Joseph. 21. August 14, 1862. Kingston. February 23, 1863. Dis-
charged for physical disability.

Hagan, Francis. 45. August 3, 1861. New York. November 15, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd.

Hoyt, Lewis. 29. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Hulbert, Jasper. 21. August, 1862. Kingston. August 14, 1863. Died from
wounds received at Gettysburg July 2, 1863.

Hunt, Melvin H. 25. February 13, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. October
14, 1864. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Killed in front of Petersburg.

Hoar, Henry J. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. October 30, 1864. Cap-
tured October 10, 1864. Died at Andersonville.
Joy, Albert E. 19. August 22, 1864. Colesville. March 21, 1865. Substi-
tute. Died in general hospital.
Johnston, Richard A. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. May 16, 1864. Cap-
tured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Jones, John R. 19. August 18, 1862. Kingston. Captured October lo, 1863.

Died 1872.
Jago, 'ITiomas. 17. November 5, 1861. New York. November 15, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd.

Keyes, George. 20. August 20, 1862. Kingston. May 15, 1863. Discharged
for physical disability.

Luckenbach, Frederick. 20. July 23, 1862. Kingston. Captured July 15,
1863. Exchanged.

Lacy, Sherman. 20. August 23, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd.

Lunger, Munroe. 20. August 30, 1864. Catharine. June 3, 1865. Substitute.

Louden, Samuel B. 23. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June
I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded February 5, 1865.
Transferred to 73d.

312 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY l-Continued.

Privates — Continued.

Longyear, Aaron. 22. August 14, 1862. Kingston. January 15, 1865. Died
at Auger general hospital.

Lewis, Alonzo. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. March 6, 1864. Captured
October 10, 1863. Died in Richmond hospital.

Mitchell, John. 19. August 21, 1862. Kingston. September 28, 1864. Cap-
tured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Mawlin, Robert. 18. September i, 1864. Perryville. March 25, 1865. Sub-
stitute. Killed in charge in front of Petersburg.

Mahar, Michael. 36. August 27, 1864. Galen. March 25, 1865. Substitute.
Killed in charge in front of Petersburg,

Marshall, George. 18. August 26, 1864. Colesville. January 26, 1865. Died
in hospital of typhoid fever.

Moe, John J. 35. August 18, 1862. Kingston. January 25, 1864. Captured
October 10, 1864. Died at Andersonville.

McMurdy, Egbert. 25, August 15, 1862. Kingston. Wounded September^

1864. Discharged under General Orders No. 77. Dead.

Myer, Andrew. 18. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Wounded. Discharged
under General Orders No. 77.

Maguill, Robert. 32. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1863.

Myers, John H. 24. August 21, 1862. Kingston. May 28, 1865. Died in
division hospital.

McGregor, Duncan. 32. September 10, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865-
Transferred from 72nd.

Morley, Harry D. 24. August 3, 1861. Westfield. August 7, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Expiration of term.

Mason, Charles. 18. August 3, 1861. Westfield. August 7, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd .

Morris, Jonathan. 19. August 14, 1862. Kingston. February 14, 1863. Dis-
charged for physical disability.

McKenna, Francis. 29. February 10, 1865. New York. June I, 1865. Recruit.
Transferred to 73d.

McGuire, Thomas. 33. February 12, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I,

1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Northrup, Calvin. 24. August 19, 1863. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Recruit.

Northrup, Austin. 21 December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June
1, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Osterhoudt, William. 34. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from furlough
January, 1863.

Osgood, Joshua. 22. August 3, l85i. Westfield. September 23, 1864. Dis-
charged for physical disability.

Pettis, Williard. 18. August 26, 1864. Colesville. Substitute. Wounded
March 25. Died April 16, 1865.

Peck, George W. 19. August 19, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1863. Residence,
Kingston.

Parr, James. 20. August 15, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred
from 72nd.

Riseley, Aaron N. 18. August 14, 1862. Woodstock. Taken prisoner October
10, 1863. Exchanged, at Camp Parole. Residence, Woodstock.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3 I 3

COMPANY I-Continued.

Pr I V ATES — Continued.

Reynolds, Ezra L. i8. August 22, 1864. Coleville. Substitute captured No-
vember 6, 1864, at Camp Parole.

Rush, John. 28. Augusts, 1861. Westfield. August 7, 1864. Transferred
from 72nQ.

Russell, Jacob. 43. August 13, 1862. Kingston. September 13, 1863. Died

of disease at N. Y. general hospital.
Shore, Lewis M. 18. Septembers, 1864. Grottus. September 17, 1864. Died

of typhoid fever at division hospital.
Slater, John H. 22. August 20, 1862. Kingston. January 14, 1864. Died of

typhoid fever at general hospital.

Smith, Andrew. 32. August 19, 1862. Kingston. April 11, 1863. Died of
heart disease at at regiment hospital.

Schepmoes, Samuel H. 20. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1864.
Wounded September 20, 1864. Died at Kingston, 1893.

Sutton, Andrew, ig. August 14, 1862. Kingston. Sick at general hospital.
Mustered out General Order No. 77.

Shultis, Daniel. 29. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Streeter, Harvey H. 18. August 26, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Detailed to 4th N. Y. A.

Skeets, Samuel. 23. September 5, 1864. China. Substitute. Captured March
31, 1865.

Stow, Theodore H. C. 18. August 14, 1862. Kingston. January 7, 1863.
Discharged for physical disability.

Smith, John J. 43. August 14, 1862. Kingston. September 12, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability.

Shader, Christopher T. 19. August 16, 1862. Kingston. July 18, 1864. Dis-
charged for wounds received at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. Residence, Kings-
ton.

Smedus, Nathanial B. 27. August 18,1862. Kingston. May 16,1865. Wounded
September 15, 1864. Residence, Kingston.

Schaffner, Frederick. 24. December 24, 1863. Brandy Stalion,Virginia. May
I, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to V. R. C.

Schnader, Charles. 36. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June
1,1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Turner, Hugh. 24. December 21, 1863. Brandy Station, Virginia. June I,
1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

Taylor, David L. 25. August 20, 1862. Kingston. Deserted January 21,
1863.

Terwilliger, Jacob R. 23. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Trempbour, John C. 28. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Van Keuren, Bruyn. 18. August 14, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865. Died
i«73-

Vanderbogert, John J. 24. August 18, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Vandeveer, Brodhead W. 19. August 8, 1862. Kingston. June 3, 1865.

Van Nostrand, Marenus. 18. August 18, 1862. Kingston. November 21,
1864. Wounded May 5, 1864. Discharged for physical disability. Resi-
dence, New York.

Volgstead, Francis. 32. December 4, 1863. Dunkirk. June I, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Transferred to 73d.

314 OiVS HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY I-Continued.

Privates —Continued.

Vanderbogert, Philip. 19. August 18, 1862. Kingston. January 22, 1863..

Died of typhoid fever at divisioh hospital.
Van Aiken, Jeremiah. 26. August ig, 1862. Kingston. February 5, 1863.

Died of typhoid fever at division hospital.
Vandemark, William E. 24. August 18, 1862. Kingston. September 28, 1864.

Killed in charge on Fort Davis, Petersburg, Virginia.
Van Gaasbeck, John T. 18. Augest 18, 1862. Kingston. Captured October 10,

1863. Died at Richmcxnd, Va.
Warner, Justus. 26. August 1 1, 1862. Kingston. July 2, 1863. Killed in

battle of Gettysburg.
Walker, George W. 20. February 16, 1864. New York. June I, 1865. Taken

prisoner May 5, 1864, in Wilderness. Hecruit. Transferred to 73d.
Willis, Charles. 19. August 4, 1862. Kingston. Deserted from general hos-
pital.

Whittier, Joseph. 25. February 13, 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. V. V.
Transferred from 72nd. Captured October 27, 1864.

Warren, Samuel. 18. September 2, 1864. Andover. June 3, 1865. Substitute.

Webster, William C. 22. February 13. 1864. Brandy Station, Virginia. June
3, 1865. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Captured March 25, 1865.

Willing, John C. 20. Augusts, 1861. Westfield. August 7, 1864. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Expiration term, enlistment.

Webber, William B. 33. August 12, 1862. Kinsgton. December 26, 1862.
Discharged for disability.

Winfield, Jacob H. ig. August 14, 1862. Kingston. December 23, 1864.
Promoted to 2nd Lieutenant 20th N. Y. M. Residence, Washington, D. C.

Young, Jeremiah. 18. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Wounded May 6, 1S64.
Lost a leg. Residence, Accord, N. Y.

Youse, Frederick P. 27. August 19, 1862. Kingston. Transferred to V. R. C.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

3i5

COMPANY K.

Company K was raised in the towns of Cairo, Greenville, Dur-
ham and Windham, Greene County. Durham raised by voluntary
subscriptions through the efforts of A. H. Hayes, Supervisor of the
town, a bounty of fifty dollars for each recruit from that town, in ad-
dition to the State bounty of fifty dollars, and the United States
bounty of one hundred dollars. The first enlistment for this Com-
pany was on July 31st, and inside of twenty days it was in camp at
Kingston with full ranks. It was mustered into the United States
service with the regiment August 22nd, 1862, and was a part of the
regiment during its whole term of service. The first winter at Fal-
mouth, Va., it suffered severely from sickness by April ist, 1863,
thirteen of its number had died from disease and exposure. At
Cbancellorsville it had one man mortally wounded and three severely
wounded. At Gettysburg it lost one officer and five men killed and
mortally wounded, and one officer and fifteen men wounded out of
forty men engaged in action. At James City eleven men were cap-
tured, six of whom died at Andersonville, the other captured men
were prisoners from twelve to eighteen months. In the Wilderness
campaign. Lieutenant John I. Lockwood was killed while temporar-
ily in command of the Company.
Its losses from the original members were :

Killed and mortally wounded in action, officers. .. i

Killed and mortally wounded in action, men 8

Died at Andersonville...- 6

Died of disease and exposure 18

Total deaths in service 33

There were discharged /or physical disability :

Officers I

Men -. 9

10

Transferred, etc. :

Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, men 9

Transferred by promotion and to other regiments. . 2

Carried forward 11 43

3 I 6 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY K-Continued.

Brought forward ii 43

Mustered out with regiment and by general orders. 39
Deserted 7 57

100

0/ Ihe additions to the Company :

Received by promotion from other companies, ofiScers 2

Recruits in 1864 6

Transferred from 71st and 72nd Regiments, July,

1864 58 66

Total enrollment 166

Of these transferred men only sixteen joined the Company, the
others being absent, sick, detailed, missing in action, deserters, etc.
One of these men was killed in action and one died of disease. The
others were mustered out with the regiment and by general orders or
transferred to the 73 d Regiment.

Captains.

Pierson, James M. 32. August 22, 1862. Cairo. March 17, 1863. Discharged
on Surgeon's certificate of disability. Re-entered the service as Captain 15th
N. Y. Eng. Served to close of the war. Married. Living in New York
city.

Barker, Ayers G. 30. August 22, 1862. Greenville. July 2, 1863. First
Lieutenant Company A, 20th N. Y. M. Three months' service. Promoted
from First Lieutenant March 17, 1863. Killed in action at Gettysburg. Left
a family.

Everett, James H. 25. August 22, 1863. Durham. June 3, 1865. Promoted
from Second Lieutenant to rank from July 2, 1863. Detailed to Draft Ren-
dezvous N. Y., July 27, 1863. Returned to regiment August 7, 1864.
Slightly wounded at Gettysburg July 2, 1862. Severely on picket line in
front of Fort Sedgwick September 12, 1864. Breveted Major N. Y. V.
Located in Kingston August I, 1866. Married. Engaged in the wholesale
flour, feed and provision trade. Was first Commander of Pratt Post, No. 127,
G. A. R. Has been President and Treasurer of the 120th Regimental Union.
Was elected to the New York Assembly of 1890 from the First District of
Ulster County.

First Lieutenants.

Barber, George P. 25. August 22, 1862. CatsUill. June 3, 1865. Promoted
from Quartermaster-Sergeant May i, 1863. For 18 years Mr. Barber was one
of the City Editors of the Pittsburg Dispatch, and later was employed on the
Times in the same capacity. Died in Pittsburg, Pa., May 4, 1888.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. V.S. VOLS. 3^7

COMPANY K-Continued.

Second Lieutenants.

Funck, Henry. Transferred Jrom 71st Regiment as First Sergeant. Promoted to
Second Lieutenant October 12, 1864. Promoted to First Lieutenant Company
E, February 4, 1865.

Ross, Orville A. 18, Jvine, 1861. Jamestown. June 3, 1865. Transferred from
72nd Regiment as Sergeant October, 1864. Was in all the battles of the Ex-
celsior Brigade, including Spottsylvania Court House, where he was severely
wounded in left thigh, and was in hospital five months. V. V. First Ser-
geant January I, 1865. Second Lieutenant February 4, 1865. Occupation
salesman. Address, Cleveland, Ohio.

Sergeants.

Richtmyer, James H. 23. July 31, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1863. Returned to
ranks June 7, 1864. Service with Pioneer Corps.

Ebersole, Charles. 23. December 22, 1863. April 28, 1865. Transfeifred
from 72nd August 20, 1863, Corporal. First Sergeant October 12, 1864.
Discharged by General Order 77.
. Lake, Philetus. 21. August 19, 1862. Greenville. June 3, 1865. Fii-st Ser-
geant April I, 1865. Wounded in hip and shoulder in front of Petersburg
June 16, 1864. Residence, Oneonta, N. Y.

Woolhiser, Charles P. 20. August 2, 1862. Windham. Wounded in leg at
Gettysburg July 2, 1863. Discharged by General Order W. D. No. 77.

Jones, Daniel S. 22. August 15, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Detailed to
Division Ambulance Corps May I, 1863. Present occupation, farmer. Resi-
dence, East Durham. Has been Justice of the Peace the past 12 years.

Craft, Albert. 22. August 13, 1862. Ashland. June 8, 1865. Promoted from
Corporal November I, 1864. Wounded in ri^ht hand March 25, 1865. Dis-
charged under General Order No. 77 from Lincoln general hospital. Wash-
ington, D. C. His father and six of his father's brothers were in the war for
the Union. His grandfather was a Captain in the war of 1812. Is now
engaged in farming at Hobart, Delaware county, N. Y.

Sheffield, Milo. 21. August 2, 1862. Windham. September 12, 1862. De-
serted from camp near Washington.

Grannis, Charles O. 20. July 31, 1862. Cairo. Promoted from Corporal
March I, 1865. Wounded at Chancellorsville. Taken prisoner at James
City, confined in Libby, Belle Island and Andersonville 14 months. 3 months
service in 1861 with 20th N. Y. M. Discharged from Annapolis Junction, Md.
by General Order No. 77. Has been a letter carrier in New York city since
September 13, 1870.

McWilliams, John B. 21. August 15, 1862. Cairo. December 11, 1862. Died
of disease at Fairfax Seminary hospital.

Walters, Nelson. 27. August II, 1862. Cairo. June 2, 1864. Captured at James
City, October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Plimley, William. 23. August 12, 1862. Catskill, N. Y. June 3, 1865. Pro-
moted to Corporal, Sergeant, Second and First Lieutenant and Brevet Captain
U. S. V. Served as aid on staff of Brigadier-General, McAllister. Ap-
pointed clerk in New York city Post Office in 1865. Promoted to General
Superintendent of the Money Order Department. A position he still holds.

Hannah, James D. 23. December 23, 1863. October 18, 1864. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Discharged as supernumary.

Rice George B. 42. December 22, 1863. October 18, 1864. V. V.
Transferred from 72nd. Discharged as supernumary.

3 I 8 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY K-Continued.

Sergeants — Continued.

Rice, William H. 28. August 12, 1862. October 18, 1864. Transferred from
72n(l. Discharged as supernumary. ■

Wilson, Edward. 36. December 23, 1863. October 18, 1864. V. V. Trans-
ferred from 71st. Discharged as supernumary.

Corporals.

Cornwall, Georgt W. 22. August 5, 1862. Cairo. Wounded at Gettysburg,
July 2, 1863. Transferred to V. R. C.

Smith, Henry. 27. August 9, 1862. Durham. April 10, 1864. Transferred to
V. R. C. Dead.

Johnson, William. 35. August 11, 1862. Greenville. February 18, 1864.
Discharged for disability.

Layman, Chauncey. 35. August II, 1862. Durham. August 18, 1864. Cap-
tured at James City, October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Brooks, Isaac N. 22. August 18, 18621 Greenville. April 7, 1863. Died of
disease at Falmouth, Va.

Betts, John H. 24. July 31, 1862. Cairo. May 12, 1865. Severely wounded
in neck at Gettysburg. Mustered out by General Order No. 77. Died 1884.

Tibbals, George H. 19. August 2, 1862. Windham. July 2, 1863. Killed in
action at Gettysburg.

Banks, Sherwood. 22. August 15, 1862. Durham. January 10, 1864. Trans-
ferred to V. R. C.

Bennett, I^muel L. 19. August 4, 1862. Cairo. Promoted May i, 1863.
Present residence, Catskill.

White, George E. 19. August 6, 1862. Ashland. June 5, 1865. Captured
October 10, 1863. Paroled November 20, 1864. Discharged from Annapolis
Junction, Md. Present occupation, painter. Residence, Pulaski, N. Y.

Howard, Isaac S. 22. August 19, 1862. Cairo. June 29, 1865. Promoted
Nov. I, 1864. Wounded March 25, 1865. Occupation, carpenter. Resi-
dence, Cairo, N. Y.

Crane, Charles H. 18. August 15, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Wounded
at Gettysburgh, July 2, 1863. Promoted Nov. i, 1864. Manufacturer. De-
posit, N. Y.

Walters, Stephen. 19. August 19, 1862. Greenville. June 3, 1865. Promoted
March 1, 1865. Married. Three children at Bon Homme, South Dakota.

Hammond, William. 41. August 5, 1862. New York city. April 28, 1865.
Transferred from 72nd. Wounded July 30, 1864.

Manck, John. 24. August 24, 1862. Sheridan. June 3, i86j. Transferred
from 72nd.

Morris, Thomas H. 26. August 16, 1862. Cairo. 1862. Deserted from
hospital.

Musicians.

Spencer, Luther H. 18. August 12, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Cabinet-
maker. Hudson, N. Y.

DeFrate, Edsell. 22. August 11, 1862. Durham. Transferred to 20th Regi-
ment V. R. C. Re-enlisted in Regulars. Died at Fort Maginnes, Montana,
February 24, 1886.

McDonald, Michael. 24. December 25, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 71st.
Transferred to 73d.

Gore. William T. 17. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 71st.
Transferred to 73d.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3 1 9

COMPANY K-Continued.

Privates.

Augustus, Nathan. 22. August 14, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Wounded

at Gettysburg. Died at Oak Hill, N. Y., 1886.
Abbott, William M. 25. September 26, 1862. Transferred from 72nd. Clerk

at Camp Parole. Discharged under General Orders No. 77.
Ammerman, George P. 21. August 11, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865'

Transferred from 72nd July 21, 1864.
Arnold, Jacob. 30. August i, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred

from 72nd October 30, 1864.
Austin, William M. 42. August 4, 1862. Greenville. April 26, 1864. Dis-
charged by order Major-General Hancock.
Abrams, Epinetus. 38. August 5, 1862. Greenville. May 26, 1863. Died of

wounds received at Chancellorsville.
Abrams, William. 40. August 5, 1862. Greenville. July 2, 1863. Brother of

above. Killed in action at Gettysburg.
Babcock, Minard. 28. August 22, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred

from 72nd October 30, 1864. Resides at Burbank, Clay County, South

Dakota.
Berry, Joseph. 18. August 26, 1864. Osvifego. Jime 3, 1865. Substitute.
BuUard, David H. 23. Augu.st 15, 1862. Windham. June 3, 1865. Wounded

in leg at Gettysburg, and in wrist at Mine Run. Harnessmaker. Pratts-

ville, N. Y.
Blodgett, John A. 23. August 4, 1862. Windham. June 3, 1865. Died at

Ashland, N.Y., 1880.
Burgess, Allan D. 23. Augusts, 1862. Greenville. November 21, 1862. Died

of disease at St. Aloysing hospital, W^ashington.
Brown, Warren. 19. August 14, 1862. Durham. April 14, 1864. Captured

October 10, 1862. Died at Andersonville.
Blaisdell, John. 28. August 10, 1862. Greenville. June 25, 1863. Deserted-
Barnes, John. 36. August 25, 1862. New York city. November 7, 1864.

Transferred from 72nd. Died of wounds near Petersburg, Va.
Craw, Lucius. 23. August 9, 1862. Greenville. June 25, 1863. Deserted.
Curry, Ebenezer. 36. August 8, 1862. Transferred from 72nd. Deserted

while on furlough May 17, 1864.
Core, Thomas. 38. August 12, 1861. New York city. Transferred from 72nd

July 21, 1864. Deserted from Signal Corps.
Dutcher, John. 20. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.

Missing in action May 10, 1864. Transferred to 73d.
Chappel, Lewis. 23. August 14, 1862. Cairo. April 28, 1865. Discharged

under General Orders No. 27, W. D.
Conway. Isaac. 39. August 19, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.
Cudbirth, Thomas. 18. August 25, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865.

Transferred from 72nd.
Carson, Robert. 37. September 13, 1861. New York city. September 14,

1864. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged on expiration of term.
Cunningham, Patrick. 27. December 22, 1864. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.

Transferred to 73d.
Cornell, Leonard B. 17. August 11, 1862. Windham. August 19, 1865.
Wounded in thigh and arm; bone splintered in both. Transferred to V. R.
C. Lawyer, Catskill, until 1885. Receiver, etc., U. S. Land Office at
Spokane Falls, W. T.

320 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY K-Continued.

Privates— C(7«ri«K<'rf.

Cornell, Isaac N. 55. August 11, 1862. Windham. July 2, 1863. Father of

above missing at Gettysburg. Undoubtedly killed.
Crandell, John F. 21. August 11, 1862. Windham. July 9, 1864. Captured

October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.
Dobler, George. 27. December 25, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.

Absent, wounded. Transferred to 73d.
Donaldson, Frederick. 22. September 10, 1861. Boston, Mass. September 10,

1864. Transferred from 72nd. Discharged. Expiration of term.
Eldrige, Theodore. 25. August 10, 1862. Greenville. June 3, 1863. Died of

disea.se at Falmouth, Va.
Fry, Joseph H. 23. August 27, 1862.. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred

from 72nd. Teamster. Died at Buffalo.
Felt, Alvin B. 23. August 11, 1862. Cairo. April 12, 1865. In all the

engagements of the Regiment to Battle of the Wilderness inclusive, where he

vi-as severely wounded. Transferred to V. R. C. and discharged thereupon

on Surgeon's certificate of disability. Has since resided in Philadelphia and

Rich Hill, Pa. Occupation, agent and farmer.

Fitzgibbon, Patrick. 40. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.

Transferred to V. R. C. March 19, 1865.
Fitzsimmons, Thomas. 42. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.

Missing in action May 10, 1864. Transferred to 73d.
Germain, Irving T. 18. August 15, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Wounded

June 27, 1864.
Golder, George W. 34. August 21, 1862. New York city. April, 1865.

Transferred from 72nd. Discharged by General Orders No. 77.
Gorslin, James M. 21. August 12, 1862. Cairo. February 12, 1863. Died of

disease at Falmouth, Va.

Griffin, Charles B. 18. August 11, 1862. February 3, 1863. Died of disease at
Falmouth, Va.

Green, John. 25. September i, 1864. Howard. Substitute. Transferred to 73d.

Hemsley, Grove. 18. August 31, 1864. Dryden. Substitute. Captured March

25, 1865. Discharged by General Orders No. 77.
Hallowell, John. 21. September 22, 1862. New York city. Transferred from

72nd. Wounded in right hand. Discharged by General Order 77.
Hannah, George. 39. August 19, 1862. New York city. Transferred from

72nd. Captured March 25, 1865. Discharged by General Order 77.
Hopkins, William W. 36. August 7, 1862. Windham. Discharged by Gen -

..eral Order 77. Died at Windam August 6, 1865.
Hardick.John. 44. August, 1862. Windam. June 3, 1865. Dead.
. Hallenbeck, William. 23. August, 1862. Durham. April 28, 1865. Captured

October 10, 1863. At Andersonville, till near the close of the war. Discharged

at Annapolis, Md., General Order 77. Resides at Oak Hill. Occupation,

moulder.

Hollohan, Robert. 33. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.
Wounded May 6, 1864. Transferred to 73d.

Higley, John R. 24. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.
Transferred to 73d.

Halley, Patrick. 21. November 7, 1862. New York city. Transferred from
72nd. Ex-prisoner. Discharged by General Order 77.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS. 321

COMPANY K-Continued.

Privates— Co«/j««£'rf.

Hotchkiss, Lewis. 23. August, 1862. Durham. June 11, 1863. Died at Wash-
ington, D. C.

Hapeman, Robert 18. August 4, 1862. Windham. Febraary 7, 1863. Died

of disease at Falmouth, Va.
Holmes, Charles. 28. August 13, 1862. Windham. February i, 1863. Died

of disease at Annapolis, Md.

Hollenbeck, Edward. 27. August 11, 1862. Durham. November 30, 1862.
Deserted.

Jameson, Samuel. 36. August 16, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865.
Transferred fi-om 72nd.

Johnson, Frank. 18. August 23, 1862. Oswego, June 3, 1865. Substitute.

Johnson, John. 40. September 13, 1862. New York city. December 8, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd. Discharged for disability.

Judd, Ezekiel F. 16. August 4, 1862. Windham. May 12, 1864. Discharged
for disability. Living at Red Oak, Iowa.

Jennie, John F. 18. August 4, 1862. Windham. Transferred to V. R. C.
Commissioned 2nd Lieutenant 215 Pennsylvania Volunteers. Mustered out
August II, 1865. Secretary of Hudson Insurance Company of Jersey City,
from 1868 to 1880. Appointed United States Consul at Neuvie Laredo,
Mexico, January, 1880. Transferred to Simcoe, Canada, September, 1882.
Died there of consumption April 22, 1883.

Kiser, Frank M. 18. September i, 1864. Dryden. June 3, 1865. Substitute.

Kinch, Harvey. 40. August 24, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Knapp, Ambrose. 21. August 11, 1862. Greenville. June 3, 1865. Detailed
to Battery K. 4th U. S. Artillery. Quarryman, Wilton, Greene County, N. Y.

Koch, Herman. 20. December 24, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.
Transferred to 73d.

Kipp, Henry C. 20. August 19, 1862. Greenville. March 13, 1863. Died of
disease at Falmouth, Va.

Keating, Thomas. 39. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd as
missing in action. May 10, 1864.

Lee, Robert. 18. August i, 1862. Cairo. June 22, 1865. Detailed to Battery
K, 4th U. S. Artillery. Accidently injured October, 1864, and transferred to
v! R. C. Teamster, Cairo, N. Y.

Lee, Stewart. 25. August i, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Regimental team,
ster. Teamster, West Hurley.

Lfinnon, Lewis B. 23. August If, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Died at Cairo, '
1889.

Lindsley, Charles L. 22. August 11, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865.

Layman, Alexander. 18. August 15, 1862. Durham. Junes, 1865. Wounded
at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. •

McGuire, John. 20. August 25, 1862. New York city. Transferred from 72nd.
Discharged by General Orders No. 77.

McGuire Michael. 26. Septemberi, 1862. New York city. Transferred from
72nd. Captured March 31, 1865. Ex-prisoner at Annapolis, Md.

Murphy, John. 24. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd. Ab-
sent. Sick. Transferred to 73d.

21

322 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y.S. VOLS.

COMPANY K-Continued.

V9.vtK-i2S— Continued.

Maynard, Hiland. 26. August 13, 1862. Windham. January 29, 1863. Died
of disease at Falmouth, Va.

McCloskey, Dennis. 30. August 15, 1862. Durham. July 2, 1863. Killed in
action at Gettysburg.

Marshall, Joseph. 20. August 16, 1862. Windham. Wounded at Gettysburg.
Missing in action. May 5, 1864. Never heard from.

Missell, John. 40. August 12, 1862. New York city. October 12, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd. Died of disease at Beverly, N. J.

Nolen, Thomas. 40. Decembers, 1 861. New York city. December 2, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd. Discharged expiration enlistment.

Olmstead, Willis. 20. August 12, 1862. Windham. Sick in general hospital.
Mustered out General Order 77.

O'Brien, Patrick. 28. December 25, 1863. Transferred from 71st as deserted
from furlough April I, 1864.

Preston, David S. 24. August 12, 1862. Windham. June 3, 1865. Living at
Catskill.

Post, Ezra R. 29. August 15, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Wounded in
thigh at Gettysburg. In hospital seven months. Pension $2 per month.
Living at Lansingburg, N. Y.

Palmer, John. 35. August 2, 1862. New York city. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Pipp, John. 41. August 27, 1862. Dunkirk. Transferred from 72nd.
Wounded March 25, 1865. Mustered out General Order No. 77.

Pepper, Jasper W. 18. August 31, 1864. Reading. June 3, 1865. Substi-
tute.

Paul, James D. 42. August 12, 1861. New York city. August 12, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd. Mustered out expiration term.

Porter, Orin. 22. August 8, 1862. Durham. November 28, 1862. Discharged
for disability February, 1864. Enlisted in isth N. Y. Eng. Mustered out
with regiment. Farmer, Sandage, Kansas.

Perkins, John. 41. December 22, 1863. April 28, 1865. V. V. Captured
March 25, 1865. Discharged General Order 77.

Payne, Charles R. 27. August 11, 1862. Windham. May 5, 1864. Killed in
action at battle of the Wilderness.

Quinn, Christopher. 26. December 22, 1862. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.
Transferred to 73d.

Robinson, Samuel. 30. August 26, 1862. Sheridan. June 3, 1863. Trans-
ferred from 72nd. Teamster division supply team..

Rockafellow, Hiram. 22. August 18, 1862. Durham. July 10, 1863. Dis-
charged for disability.

Rearadon, John. 40. December 22, 1863. V. V. Transferred fi-om 72nd.
Wounded March 25, 1865. Transferred to*73d.

Richardson, William. 23. December 24, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.
Transferred to 73d.

Russell, Peter. 27. August 13, 1862. Greenville. May 10, 1863. Died of
disease at Falmouth, Va.

Rood, Almeran. 21. August 18, 1862. Durham. January 26, 1864. Died of
disease at Brandy Station, Virgioia.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3^3

COMPANY K-Corttinued.

Vtiiyxx^s— Continued.

Reynolds, Ira S. 15. August 4, 1862. Windham. August 10, 1864. Wounded
in thigh at Gettysburg. Transferred to 20th Regiment, V. R. C. Discharged
July 10, 1865. Farmer and school teacher, Windham. Past Commander
Post, G. A. R-

Stoddard, Lorenzo F. ig. August 15, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865.

Silvernail, David. 19. August 16, 1862. Cairo. Absent, sick. Discharged
General Order 77 April 28, 1865.

Spencer, William H. 24. August 16, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Captured
October 10, 1863. In Libby, Belle Island and Andersonville until April 6,
1865. Farmer. Acra, N. Y.

Shortman, John H. 19. August 14, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Captured
October 10, 1863. A prisoner 18 montns, 18 days. Papermaker. Stock-
port, N. Y.

Smith, Allen T. 19. August 12, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865.

Sharp, Andrew J. 40. August g, 1862. Durham. June 3, 1865. Wounded
May 31, 1864. Died 1885.

Sutherland, Waller. 20. August 15, 1862. Durham. December 6, 1862. Dis-
charged for disability.

Scutt, Robert. 38. August 4, 1862. Cairo. June 12, 1863. Discharged for
disability. Living at Catskill.

Stevenson, Robert A. 21. August 21, 1861. New York city. August 12, 1864.
Transferred from 72nd. Discharged. Expiration of term.

Smith, Origen A. 24. August 11, 1862. Durham. September I, 1863. Trans-
ferred to V. R. C.

Smith, Henry A. 26. August 1 1, 1862. Durham. September I, 1862. Claimed
as a deserter from 4th N. Y. A.

Smith, Charles. 19. December 31, 1863. V. V. Transferred from 72nd.
Absent, sick. Transferred to 73d.

Snyder, M. L. Demerest. 18. August 11, 1862. Durham. IVIarch 10, 1863.
Died at Falmouth, Va.

Snyder, Edward. 32. August 13, 1862. Windham. March 27, 1863. Died at
Falmouth, Va.

Slater, Smith. 20. August 11, 1862. Windham. March 8, 1863. Died at Fal-
mouth, Va.

Strawbinger, Andrew. 41- August ig, 1862. Cairo. October 15, 1863. Died
at Fairfax Seminary Hospital.

Sleigle, John R. 42. August i, 1862. Durham. Wounded at Gettysburg.
Captured October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville.

Talcot, Charles H. 25. September 30, 1862. Brooklyn. June 3, 1865. Trans-
ferred from 72nd.

Taylor, George. 34. August 20, 1862. Transferred from 72nd. Wounded in
wilderness. Captured March 25, 1865. Discharged under General Orders
No. 77.

Thomas, William A. 26. August 8, 1862. Cairo. September 12, 1862.
Deserted.

Vining, William I-I. 18. August 11, 1862. Cairo. March 4, 1864. Wounded
at Gettysburg. Discharged for disability.

324 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

COMPANY K-Continued.

Pr I V ATES — Continued.

Van Aiken, Giles. 25. August 12, 1862. Windham. November 8, 1863.

Wounded. Transferred to V. R. C. Discharged July 13, 1865. Living at

Margaretville, N. Y.
Wiltsie, George. 24. August II, 1862. Cairo. June 3, 1865. Regimental

teamster. Died 1884.
Waterman, Alfred. 49. August 8, 1862. Ashland. December 14, 1862. Died

at general hospital, Philadelphia, Pa.
Wheeler, Truman H. 32. August 11, 1862. Durham. October 8^ 1863.

Wounded at Gettysburg. Died from effect at hospital in Baltimore.
Wilbur Esseck G. 22. August II, 1862. September 15, 1864. Captured

October 10, 1863. Died at Andersonville. Extracts from his prison diary are

published in the Regimental History.
Williams, John H. 39. September 19, 1861. New York city. September 24,

1864. Transferred from 72nd.
Walters, Moses. 18. August 7, 1862. Cairo. October 14, 1864. Wounded ^t

Gettysburg, resulting in loss of foot. Light House Keeper, Coxsackie, N. Y.
Whitman, Lawrence D. 18. August ii, 1862. Cairo. June 25, 1863. Deserted.
Yerger, Mathias. 32. August 22, 1862. Dunkirk. June 3, 1865. Transferred

from 72nd.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOKS.

325

SUMMARY OF LOSS BY DEATH FROM THE
FOREGOING COMPANY RECORDS.

Killed and Died op

Wounds.

Died OF D

SEASE, IN Prison ,&c.

Total

Enroll-

ment.

Officers.

Men.

Total.

Officers.

Men.

Total.

Field and Staff.

I

17

Company A...

I

12

13

•9

19

144

B...

14

14

I

14

15

164

C...

9

9

.

14

14

152

D...

2

9

II

9

9

I3C

E...

I

13

14

12

12

153

F...

8

8

16

16

176

G...

I

20

21

9

9

145

H...

4

6

ID

I

13

14

152

I...

I

17

18

17

17

157

K...

I

9

10

25

25

166

Totals

II

117

128

3

148

15'

1,562

Total deaths in service, 279 ; Total wounded in action, as by
Regimental Adjutant's report, 394 ; Total captured at James City
(112) and at other places as by Adjutant's report (131), 243.

There were over two thousand regiments in the Union Army.
Fox's "Regimental Losses" gives the One Hundred and Twentieth
Regiment a place in his list of " three hundred fighting regiments,"
and also in his list of eleven regiments that includes every infantry
regiment in the service which lost eight or more officers killed in any
one engagement.

He gives the killed and died of wounds at 151 ; died of disease in
prison, etc., 182 ; a total of deaths in the service, 333. This differ-
ence may be accounted for from the fact that the foregoing summary

326 ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS.

of losses is made from the muster out rolls at the close of the war,
while Fox's tables, published in 1889, are compiled largely from state
records, after the fate of many men borne on the muster out rolls as
" missing in action'/' had been ascertained.

The following list of Battles of the One Hundred and Twentieth,
and the number of killed and mortally wounded in each, with the
notes following, is an extract from "Regimental Losses in The
American Civil War," by William F. Fox, Lt. Col., U. S. V. :

Battles. Killed and Mortally WoaNDED.

Chancellorsville, Va 13

Gettysburg, Pa 54

James City, Va 3

Mine Run, Va 4

Wilderness, Va 11

Spottsylvania, Va 3

North Anna, Va i

Totopotomoy, Va 3

Cold Harbor, Va 2

Siege of Petersburg, Va 25

Strawberry Plains, Va r ■

Poplar Spring Church, Va i

Boydton Road, Va 13

Hatcher's Run, Va. (March 25, 1865) 12

White Oak Road, Va 4

Picket Line, Va i

Present, also, at Fredericksburg ; Wapping Heights ; Kelly's Ford ;
Po River ; Deep Bottom ; Sailor's Creek ; Farmville ; Appomattox.

Notes. — Recruited in Ulster and Greene counties (Tenth Senatorial
District), and organized at Kingston, N. Y. It was mustered into
service on August 22, 1862, with 9C0 men, and was ordered imme-
diately to Washington, where it went into cairip near the Chain Bridge.
It was attached, soon after, to the famous Excelsior Brigade, in which
command it was under fire at Fredericksburg, where a few of the men
were wounded. The regiment was actively engaged at Chancellors-
ville — then in Berry's Division — exhibiting a commendable steadiness
and efiBciency. Its loss in that battle was 4 killed, 49 wounded, and

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTIETH N. Y. S. VOLS. 3^7

13 missing. At Gettysburg — in Humphrey's Division — it became
involved in the disaster of the second day's battle, but like the rest of
the Third Corps, it fell back in good order to the second line, fighting
as it went. Its casualties in this battle aggregated 30 killed, 154
wounded, and 19 missing ; total, 203. Eight officers were killed
and 9 wounded in that battle. The Third Corps having been merged
into the Second, the One Hundred and Twentieth was placed in
Brewster's Brigade of Mott's Division, and from that time fought under
the Second Corps flags, the men, however, retaining their old Third
Corps badge. Mott's division having been discontinued, the Excelsior
Brigade was placed in Birney's (3d) Division, becoming the Fourth
Brigade. General Mott succeeded eventually to the command of this
division, and Colonel McAllister to that of the brigade. At the
Wilderness the regiment lost 5 killed, 48 wounded, and 8 missing ;
at the battle on the Boydton Road, 8 killed, 30 wounded, and 21
missing; at Hatchers Run, 6 killed, 32 wounded, and 46 missing,
Mustered out June 3, 1865.

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